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Unit 2 I think that mooncakes are delicious！Section A（4a-4c）课前预习Object clauses with that, if and whether（一）宾语从句（一）宾语从句 Grammar Focus一、宾语从句的概念一、宾语从句的概念 在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句。在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句。 We know Mr Green teaches English. She asked if these answers were right.Grammar Focus二、宾语从句三要素二、宾语从句三要素宾语从句三要素宾语从句三要素引导词引导词that+ +陈述句陈述句 ifwhether+一般疑问句一般疑问句 特殊疑问词特殊疑问词+ +特殊疑问句特殊疑问句时态时态主句为一般现在时主句为一般现在时主句为一般过去时主句为一般过去时一般过去时一般过去时过去将来时过去将来时过去进行时过去进行时过去完成时过去完成时语序语序宾语从句的语序都为陈述句语序宾语从句的语序都为陈述句语序从句客观真理时态不变从句客观真理时态不变从句可为任何时态从句可为任何时态Grammar Focus（1）由）由that引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句注：注：that 在句中无词汇意义，在从句中不充当成分，在口语当中在句中无词汇意义，在从句中不充当成分，在口语当中往往省略。往往省略。Object clauses with that知识拓展a.根据汉语句子的意思完成下列英语句子。根据汉语句子的意思完成下列英语句子。. 我认为玛丽不回来了。我认为玛丽不回来了。 I dont think Mary _ _. 山姆跟我说他准备去上海。山姆跟我说他准备去上海。 Sam told me that he _ _ for Shanghai.我想知道今天晚上还有没有去北京的火车。我想知道今天晚上还有没有去北京的火车。 I want to know _ there is a train to Beijing.willcome was leaving if / whether Grammar Focus 1）. if和和whether引导宾语从句时，作引导宾语从句时，作“是否是否”讲，一般情况下，二者没讲，一般情况下，二者没有区别，可以换用。但有区别，可以换用。但if常用于口语中，常用于口语中，whether比较正式。比较正式。例：例：Millie asked if/whether he liked this sweater. 米莉问他是否喜欢这件羊毛衫。米莉问他是否喜欢这件羊毛衫。 The fisherman wants to know if/whether it will rain. 渔民想知道天是否会下雨。渔民想知道天是否会下雨。Object clauses with if and whether（2）由）由if / whether引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句Grammar Focus 2）. if和和whether引导宾语从句时，要注意宾语从句三要素，即连引导宾语从句时，要注意宾语从句三要素，即连词、语序和时态。由于词、语序和时态。由于if和和whether连接的是一般疑问句，因此要注连接的是一般疑问句，因此要注意把从句语序改为陈述句语序。意把从句语序改为陈述句语序。例：例：Does Mr Zhao live in Room 208? Could you tell me? Could you tell me if/whether Mr Zhao lives in Room 208? Grammar Focus 3）. if和和whether的区别的区别二者在下列几种情况下不能换用：二者在下列几种情况下不能换用：. 宾语从句置于句首表示强调时，应用宾语从句置于句首表示强调时，应用whether，不用，不用if。例：例：Whether this is true or not, I cant say. 这是否对，我不能说。这是否对，我不能说。. 宾语从句与宾语从句与or not直接连用时，应用直接连用时，应用whether，不能用，不能用if。例：例：I dont know whether or not he will come tomorrow. 我不知道他明天是否来。我不知道他明天是否来。Grammar Focus. 与动词不定式连用时，只能用与动词不定式连用时，只能用whether。例：例：She cant decide whether to go to America. 她不能决定是否去美国。她不能决定是否去美国。. 从句作介词宾语时，只能用从句作介词宾语时，只能用whether。例：例：I worry about whether I hurt her feeling. 我担心是否伤了她的感情。我担心是否伤了她的感情。Grammar Focus. 宾语从句的谓语动词是否定形式时，只能用宾语从句的谓语动词是否定形式时，只能用if，不能用，不能用whether。例：例：Tom wants to know if he wont come here tomorrow. 汤姆想知道他明天是否不来这儿。汤姆想知道他明天是否不来这儿。. if意为意为“假如，如果假如，如果”时，可以引导条件状语从句，而时，可以引导条件状语从句，而whether没有这没有这个用法。个用法。例：例： If Simon comes here tomorrow, Ill call you. 假如西蒙明天来这儿，我将打电话告诉你。假如西蒙明天来这儿，我将打电话告诉你。Grammar Focus学习宾从三注意，时态语序和连词。学习宾从三注意，时态语序和连词。时态主从要呼应：时态主从要呼应：主句若为现在时，从句时态随句意；主句若为现在时，从句时态随句意；主句若为过去时，从句时态变过去；主句若为过去时，从句时态变过去；宾从若是表真理，时态不变无质疑。宾从若是表真理，时态不变无质疑。语序要用陈述序，切莫照搬疑问句。语序要用陈述序，切莫照搬疑问句。That That 连接陈述句，省与不省要注意。连接陈述句，省与不省要注意。从句若表从句若表“是否是否”时，时，if/whetherif/whether要慎记。要慎记。特殊问句作宾语，仍用原来疑问词。特殊问句作宾语，仍用原来疑问词。三个问题需牢记，切莫丢东忘了西。三个问题需牢记，切莫丢东忘了西。练一练a. I dont know if Mr. Wang _on a field trip. If he _ on a field trip tomorrow, please call me. A. goes; will go B. will go; goes C. will go; will go D. goes; goes b. She asked me if I knew _. A. whose pen was it B. whose pen it was C. whose pen it is D. whose pen is it BB练一练c. They wondered if the teacher _ us English the next term. A. would teach B. had taught C. will teach D. taughtd. The boy asked _ any noise from outside. A. whether had I heard B. whether I had heard C. whether have I heard D. whether I have heardAB练一练e. I havent decide _ Ill go out or stay at home. A. if B. when C. why D. whetherf. I want to know _ he loves you. A. that B. what C. if D. whoDC练一练g. 把下列句子改为宾语从句的复合句。把下列句子改为宾语从句的复合句。 . He said, “I have been to America”. He said _ _ _ _ to America. . Is there a hotel near here? Do you know? Do you know _ _ _ a hotel near here? . What sport do you like best? Could you please tell me? Could you please tell me _ _ _ _ _? that he had been if /whether there is what sport you like best课前预习 用来表达喜、怒、哀、乐等强烈感用来表达喜、怒、哀、乐等强烈感情的句子叫感叹句。感叹句一般用情的句子叫感叹句。感叹句一般用what或或how引导，句末用感叹号。引导，句末用感叹号。what修饰修饰名词，名词，how修饰形容词或副词。修饰形容词或副词。 （二）感叹句（二）感叹句 Grammar Focuswhat引导的感叹句引导的感叹句: :1) What + a/ an + adj. + 可数单数可数单数(+(+主谓语主谓语)!)! 例：例： What a brave boy (Tom is)! What an excellent idea (it is)!2) What + adj. + 可数名词复数可数名词复数(+(+主谓语主谓语)!)! 例：例： What beautiful pictures (they are)!3) What + adj. + 不可数名词不可数名词(+(+主谓语主谓语)!)! 例：例： What delicious food (it is)!Grammar Focushow引导的感叹句：引导的感叹句：How + adj. / adv. + 主语主语 + 谓语谓语!例：例： How happy the children were! How carefully he is reading! 注意：一般情况下，以注意：一般情况下，以what和和how开头的感叹句可以相互转换，转开头的感叹句可以相互转换，转换后意义不变。换后意义不变。例：例： What a tall building it is! = How tall the building is! 练一练h. 根据句意选出恰当的一项填空。根据句意选出恰当的一项填空。. _ (What / What a) delicious chicken we are having!. _ (What / How) warm it is in the classroom! . _ (What / What a) nice shirt you bought!. _ (What / How) fast the young man is walking! What How What a How练一练i. 将下列句子改为感叹句。将下列句子改为感叹句。. The girl is very clever. _ _ the girl is!. It is a wonderful experience. _ _ wonderful experience it is!. The wind is blowing strongly. _ _ the wind is blowing!. The news is exciting. _ _ news it is!How cleverWhat a How strongly What exciting1. think/Lantern Festival/beautiful I think that the Lantern Festival is beautiful.2. dont know /whether /he /come home /for the festival_3. believe/Water Festival/most/fun_4a Write sentences using the words given.I dont know whether he will come home for the festival.I believe that the Water Festival is the most fun.Practice4. wonder/if/mooncakes/delicious_5. how/exciting/races _6. what/interesting/city_Jenny wonders if the mooncakes are delicious.How exciting the races are!What an interesting city ( it is)!Practice4b Read the passage below and underline the objective clauses. If possible write your own sentences about Mothers Day and Fathers Day using objective clauses.Dear Xia Yu,Do you know that there are two special days for parents in America? One is Mothers Day on the second Sunday of May and the other is Fathers Day on the third Sunday of June. On these two days, American children often give gifts to their parents or take them out for lunch Practiceor dinner. Common gifts are flowers and cards for mothers and shirts or ties for fathers. I heard that it is becoming more and more popular to celebrate Mothers Day and Fathers Day in China. I wonder if children over there also give similar gifts to their parents. I believe that there are many ways to show our love. Actually, we dont have to spend a lot of money. It is also a good idea to help parents to do something instead. JunePractice课文解析 1.Common gifts are flowers and cards for mothers and shirts or ties for fathers.普遍的礼物是送花和卡片给妈妈，送衬衫或领普遍的礼物是送花和卡片给妈妈，送衬衫或领带给爸爸。带给爸爸。 （1）tie n. 领带（可数）领带（可数） 复数形式：复数形式：ties 例：例： I bought a tie for my father yesterday.昨天我买了条领昨天我买了条领带送给爸爸。带送给爸爸。（2）tie v. 系，捆，与系，捆，与to连用连用 例：例： Please tie your shoes.请系上鞋带。请系上鞋带。课文解析 2.Actually, we dont have to spend a lot of money. 事实上，我们不事实上，我们不必花很多钱必花很多钱。(1) have to 意为意为“必须；不得不必须；不得不”，强调由强调由于于客观因素主语不得不做客观因素主语不得不做某事某事，有人称和时有人称和时态的变化，其后跟态的变化，其后跟动词原形动词原形。 例：例： Because he had no money, he had to drop out of school. 因为没有钱，他不得不辍学。因为没有钱，他不得不辍学。知识拓展have to 与与 musthave to: “必须；不得不必须；不得不”，表示表示客观客观需要需要，有人称，有人称、数、时态的变化数、时态的变化。 dont have to 表示表示“不必不必”must:“必须必须; ; 一定一定” 表示说话人表示说话人主观主观上的看法，上的看法，must must 只有一种形式只有一种形式。 mustnt 表示表示“禁止禁止”例：例： You dont have to tell him about it. 你不必把这件事告诉他你不必把这件事告诉他。例：例：You mustnt tell him about it. 你一定不要把这件事告诉他你一定不要把这件事告诉他。课文解析(2) spend v. 意为意为“用，花用，花” 常用句型常用句型为为：spend some time/ money ( in ) doing sth. 花费时间花费时间/ /钱做某事。钱做某事。 spend 后接动词的后接动词的-ing。例：例： I spent two hour (in) reading the novel. 我花了两小时读这篇小说。我花了两小时读这篇小说。例：例： I spent 100 yuan buying the sweater. 我花了我花了100元买这件毛衣。元买这件毛衣。4c Which festival do you like best? Ask your group and report to the class.e.g. In our group, Davids favorite festival is . He thinks that PracticeTHE ENDTHANKS
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