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Unit 5 What are the shirts made of ?Section A（4a-4c）Are your shirts made of cotton? Yes, they are. And they were made in the US.Whats the model plane made of?Its made of used wood and glass.Where is tea produced in China?Its produced in many different areas.Grammar FocusHow is tea produced?Tea plants are grown on the sides of mountains. When the leaves are ready, they are picked by hand and then are sent for processing.Active voice: People grow tea in Hangzhou.Passive voice: Tea is grown (by people) in Hangzhou.Grammar Focus 在英语中，动词有两种语态，即在英语中，动词有两种语态，即主动语态和被动语态主动语态和被动语态。被动语态的基本结构是被动语态的基本结构是“助动词助动词 be +及物动词的过去分及物动词的过去分词词”，其中助动词其中助动词be有人称、数和时态的变化有人称、数和时态的变化, ,其变化其变化规则与规则与be作为连系动作为连系动 完全一样。完全一样。Grammar Focus1.1.一般现在时被动语态的各种句式结构一般现在时被动语态的各种句式结构肯定式肯定式主语主语+am/is/are+过去分词过去分词（ + by)否定式否定式主语主语+am/is/are + not +过去分词过去分词 (+by) 疑问式疑问式Am/Is/Are+主语主语+过去分词过去分词(+ by )?特殊疑问词特殊疑问词+ am/is/are+主语主语+过去分词过去分词（+ by .)?被动不离被动不离“be” “p.p.”, “p.p.”前面助动前面助动be。主谓一致莫忘记，主谓一致莫忘记，am, is, are现在时。现在时。Grammar Focus2.2.一般现在时被动语态的基本用法一般现在时被动语态的基本用法 用法用法 示例示例表示表示经常性或习惯性经常性或习惯性发生发生的被动动作的被动动作I am often asked the question by my pupils. 表示表示近期近期正在发生的被动正在发生的被动动作动作These days people are moved by a teacher named Zhang Lili.描述某种描述某种常态化常态化的被动的的被动的客观事实客观事实The spaceship is mainly controlled by computer.强调目前存在的强调目前存在的针对行为针对行为主体人主体人的被的被 限制性动作限制性动作You arent allowed to take photos.Grammar Focus3.3.主动语态变为被动语态的方法主动语态变为被动语态的方法第一步第一步: :将主动语态的将主动语态的宾语宾语改为改为被动语态的主语被动语态的主语；第二步第二步: :将主动语态的将主动语态的谓语谓语改为改为“be+及物动词的过去分词及物动词的过去分词”结构结构；第三步第三步: :将主动语态的将主动语态的主语主语改为改为介词介词by的宾语的宾语，放在谓语之后，放在谓语之后( (有时可省有时可省略略) )。如图示：如图示：They (主语主语）grow (谓语谓语）tea (宾语宾语）in the south-east of China.被动语态被动语态: :主动语态主动语态: :Tea (主语主语）is grown (谓语谓语）by them in the south-east of China.课文解析1. What language is spoken in Germany? 在德国人们说什么语言？在德国人们说什么语言？ Germany名词，意为名词，意为“德国德国”，是国家名称。，是国家名称。 German是其形容词形式，是其形容词形式，意为意为“德国的德国的”; ;还还 可作名词，意为可作名词，意为“德语德语; ;德国人德国人”。 例：例：The weather in Germany is quite different. 德国的天气截然不同。德国的天气截然不同。 A German speaks German.德国人说德语。德国人说德语。 知识拓展 词尾为词尾为- -man表示某国人的单词的复数形式一般是把表示某国人的单词的复数形式一般是把- -man变为变为- -men. 例：例：an Englishman two Englishmen a Frenchman two Frenchmen 但是但是, , German “德国人德国人”的复数形式则是直接加的复数形式则是直接加- -s。 例：例：a German two Germans课文解析2.Most of the earths surface is covered by water. 地球表面的大部分被水覆盖。地球表面的大部分被水覆盖。 surface (the outside or top part of something) 名词，意为名词，意为“表面表面; ;表层表层”。 例：例：The bowl has a shiny surface. 这个碗表面光亮。这个碗表面光亮。 surface (the outer appearance of person, thing or situation.) 作名词，还可作名词，还可表示表示“外表；外观外表；外观” 例：例：Her gentleness is only on the surface. 她只是外表温和而已。她只是外表温和而已。课文解析3. Careless driving causes many traffic accidents. 粗心驾驶导致很多交通事故。粗心驾驶导致很多交通事故。 traffic名词，意为名词，意为“交通交通; ;路上行驶的车辆路上行驶的车辆”，指的是路上来往的，指的是路上来往的车辆和行人，车辆和行人，是不可数名词是不可数名词。例：例：There is heavy traffic during the rush hours. 上下班时间交通很繁松。上下班时间交通很繁松。 There is little traffic on this road. 这条路上行驶的车辆很少。这条路上行驶的车辆很少。4a Complete the sentences with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets.1. Children under 18 _ (not allow) to watch this show without their parents.2.We _ (pay) by the boss on the last Friday of each month.3.A: What language _ (speak) in Germany? B: Most people speak German, but many can speak English, too.4.Most of the earths surface _ (cover) by water.5.The classroom _ (clean) by the students every day.are not allowedare paidis spokenPracticeis coveredis cleaned4b Rewrite the sentences using the passive voice.1. Farmers plant the tea on the sides of mountains. The tea is planted on the sides of mountains by farmers. 2. This shop uses the best materials to make dresses. _3. Careless driving causes many traffic accidents. _The best materials are used to make dresses by this shop. Many traffic accidents are caused by careless driving.Practice4. The postman brings letters and postcards to peoples homes. _5. Our family does not use this silver plate very often._Letters and postcards are brought to peoples home by the postman.This silver plate is not used very often by our family.Practice4c Ask five classmates about something they are wearing or have in their schoolbags. The list of words below may help you.pencil, jacket, sweater, T-shirt, shoes, cap, gloves, ring.A: Whats your pencil made of?B: Its made of wood.A: Where was it made?B: It was made in Shanghai.PracticeTHE ENDTHANKS
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