中考英语第一轮复习 语法专题十一 非谓语动词课件

第一轮复习第一轮复习 语法专题语法专题专题十一专题十一 非谓语动词非谓语动词考考 点点 梳梳 理理中中 考考 链链 接接广广 东东 真真 题题考考 点点 精精 练练 广东真题广东真题( ) 1. We advise parents _ their children at home alone in order to keep them away from danger. A. not leave B. not to leave C. leave D.to leave (2015广东） ( ) 2. In order _ for the meeting, my sister forced herself to get up early this morning. (2014广东） A. not to be late B. not being late C. to be late D. being lateBA( ) 3. I didnt hear you come in just now. Thats good. We tried _any noise, for you were sleeping. A. not make B. not to make C. to make D. making（2013广东）( ) 4. It took me two weeks _ reading the novels written by Guo Jingming. （2012广东） A. finish B. to finish C. finishes D. finishing BB 广东真题广东真题( ) 5. Try to sing more English songs, you will find it interesting _ a foreign language. A. learning B. learns （2011广东） C. learn D. to learn( ) 6. We can use QQ to chat with each other on the Internet. Really? Will you please show me_ it? A. how to use （2010广东） B. what to use C. how can I use D. what can I useDA 广东真题广东真题 考点梳理考点梳理考点一：动词不定式（考点一：动词不定式（to do）1. 作主语: 动词不定式作主语时，句子的谓语动词常用单数，其位置有以下两种：（1） 把不定式置于句首。 To get there by bike will take us half an hour. （2） 用it作形式主语，把真正的主语不定式置于句后，常用于下列句式中。A.Itbe名词to do Its our duty to take good care of the old. B. It takes sb + some time + to do How long did it take you to finish the work？ C. Itbe形容词for sbto do 在这一句型中，形容词表做某事怎么样。 这类形容词有：difficult，easy，hard，important，impossible，necessary等。 这一句型= Doing sth/To do sth is 形容词 for sb. It is difficult for us to finish writing the composition. = Finishing writing the composition is difficult for us.D. Itbe形容词of sbto do 在这一句型中，形容词表人的品质、性格或特性。 这类形容词有：careless，clever，good，foolish，honest，kind，lazy，nice，silly，stupid，wise等。 这一句型= sb is形容词to do sth.Its kind of you to help me with my English. =You are kind to help me with my English. 2. 作表语：表示主语的“职业、职责或性质”。 His job is to design new machines. Her dream is to be a teacher.3. 作宾语。（1） 常跟不定式作宾语的动词有。如：agree，choose，decide，fail ，help，expect，hope，learn，plan， pretend，promise，refuse，wish，manage，offer，prepare等。 I decided to ask for my money back. （2） 主语think/find/feel/makeit形容词to do句式。it为形式宾语，真正的宾语为to do。 We think it quite important for us to learn a foreign language well. He feels it his duty to help the poor. （3） 介词but，except，besides + do /to do 在这种句型中，如介词前有动词do，后面则不带to，如无动词do，则有to。(前有do，后无to；前无do，后有to) The enemy soldiers had no choice but to give in. 敌人毫无选择只好屈服。 On Sunday afternoon I had nothing to do but watch TV. 周日下午我无事可做只好看电视。 4. 作宾语补足语 （1） 常接不定式作宾补的动词有：allow，ask，advise，beg，encourage，expect，get，would like，urge, order，permit，teach，tell，want，warn，wish，invite等。 Would you like me to turn off the light？ I want you to understand the meaning clearly. （2）（一感觉二听三让四看） feel，hear/listen to，make/have/let，see/look at/watch/notice+sb./sth. + do，后用不定式作宾补时须省略to。但这种句式在变为被动语态时，to不能省略。 They make the students do too much homework every day. =The students are made to do too much homework every day. 5. 作定语: 不定式可以在句子充当后置定语，修饰名词注意以下几类常用不定式作定语的情况：（1） 序数词、形容词最高级或被only，last，next等修饰的名词，可以用不定式作定语。 She was the only person to survive after the earthquake.（2） 如果该不定式是不及物动词，它后面需要加上适当介词。 She has a meeting to attend. （动宾关系=attend a meeting） Theres nothing to worry about. （动宾关系=worry about nothing） He has a small room to live in. （动宾关系= live in a small room） 6. 作状语: 不定式可以作状语，表示目的、结果、原因、条件等。（1） to do/ so as to do（不能放在句首） /in order to do作目的状语。 I stay there to/in order to see what will happen. To /In order to catch the early bus，he got up early. （此句不能用so as to do）（2） enough to do/tooto do结构。 The boy isnt old enough to go to school. = The boy is too young to go to school. （3） 形容词（happy，glad，lucky，fortunate，surprised，angry，anxious，ready，quick，slow，cruel，clever等）+ to do The question is difficult to answer. He is hard to get along with.7. 疑问词+不定式（包括whether，what，which，whom，where，when，how，不包括why），在句中起名词的作用，通常跟在诸如tell，know，show，decide，learn，wonder，explain等动词后作宾、主语或表语。 No one can tell me where to find John. When to take the exam is still unknown. The problem is how to get enough money. D 考点再现考点再现考点再现( ) 1. If prices rise too high, the government has to do something _ it. A. stop B. stopped C. stopping D. to stop( ) 2. Mr.Wang does what he can us improve our English. A. help B. to help C. helping D. helpedB 考点二：动名词考点二：动名词 动名词的句法功能：动名词由动词加ing构成。动名词主要起名词作用，在句中担任主语、表语、宾语和定语。1. 作主语：单个动名词短语作主语时，动词用单数。 Seeing is believing. （眼见为实。） Collecting stamps is a good hobby. 2. 作表语：通常是说明主语的内容，注意它与谓语动词进行时的区别。 His hobby is collecting stamps. （作表语）他的爱好是收集邮票。 He is collecting stamps.（现在进行时）他正在收集邮票。 3. 作宾语： （1） 作及物动词的宾语（enjoy，mind，finish，appreciate，avoid，consider，delay，escape，practise，suggest，keep on，miss，imagine，risk）（2） 作介词的宾语 be used to doing 习惯于做； look forward to doing 盼望做； pay attention to doing 注意做某事; spend time （in） doing 花时间做； be fond of doing 喜爱做； be good at doing 擅长做； be proud of doing 为做而自豪； be tired of doing 对做感到厌倦； feel like doing想做； go on doing 继续做（原来的事）； keep on doing 不停地做； how/what about doing 做怎么样； think of doing 考虑做； be interested in doing 对做感兴趣； have some difficulty/trouble / a hard time （in） doing 做某事有困难； be busy doing 忙于做； instead of doing 而不做; stop/ prevent/ keep sb. from doing 阻止某人做某事; Thank sb. for doing 谢谢某人做某事; prefer doing to doing 宁愿做而不愿做; have fun/ have a good time doing 做某事很高兴; cant help doing 情不自禁地做某事; 4. 作定语 动名词可作前置定语，表示所修饰的词的用途或目的，可用for改写；而现在分词作定语时，可用定语从句改写。 swimming pool waiting room walking stick a sleeping car=a car for sleeping a sleeping child= a child who is sleeping DB考点再现考点再现C考点再现( ) 3. Nick, would you mind those old jeans? They look terrible. A. not to wear B. not wear C. wearing not D. not wearing( ) 4. I spent a lot of time English last weekend. A. to practice speaking B. practicing to speak C. practicing speaking D.to practice to speak( ) 5. Janes mother preferred TV at home to_ to the concert. A. to watch; go B. watching; going C. watching; go D. to watch; going考点三：动词不定式和动名词的区别考点三：动词不定式和动名词的区别1. 有些动词后面既可跟动词不定式，又可跟动名词作宾语，但它们的区别不大。如：begin，start，hate，love，like等。 2. 有些动词后面既可跟动词不定式，又可跟动名词作宾语，注意它们的不同意思。 动词doing sthto do sthremember记得做过某事（动作已发生）记得去做某事（动作未发生）forget忘了做过某事（动作已发生）忘了要做某事（动作未发生）regret后悔过去做过的事遗憾地去做事mean意味着做某事打算做某事try试着做某事（看会发生什么）努力、尽力做某事stop停止做某事停下来去做另一事go on继续做原来的事接着做另一事cant help禁不住、情不自禁地做某事无法帮助去做某事need/want/require某事需要被做（=to be done）需要做某事（主动意思）（1） I meant to catch the early bus.我打算去坐早班车。 This means wasting a lot of money.这意味着浪费很多钱。（2） You should try to overcome your shortcomings.你应该尽力去克服你的缺点。 Try working out the problem in another way. 试着用另一种方法来解决这个问题。（3） On the way to the airport，I stopped to buy a book. 在去机场的路上，我停下来买了一本书。 Youd better stop arguing and do it well. 你们最好停止争吵，把它做好。 （4） She couldnt help crying at the news.听到这个消息她情不自禁地哭了。 I am very busy. So I cant help to buy the book for you. 我很忙，因此不能帮你买书。（5） He went on to talk about world situation. 他接着又谈了世界形势。 We go on working although it is raining. 尽管在下雨，我们还是继续工作。 B考点再现考点再现考点再现( ) 6. -I feel tired and sleepy. -Why not stop for a while? A. rest B. to rest C. resting D. rested( ) 7. Remember the book to the library when you finish it. A. to return; to read B. returning; reading C. to return; reading D. returning; to readC1-5 ADBBD 6-10 BBCAC11-15 DBDAB 16-20 BABDB 中考链接中考链接1-5 ACDDD 6-10 CCCCB 11-15 ABACB 16-20 BCCCC 考点精练考点精练