资源描述
现在完成时态PRESENT PERFECT现在完成时1.过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。和和already，never,ever,just,before,yet等状语等状语连用。连用。2.过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态，过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态，常与常与for或或since引起的一段时间状语连用。引起的一段时间状语连用。动词构成：动词构成：have/has+v过去分词过去分词have breakfastI have just had my breakfast.(现在我不饿现在我不饿)Im not hungry nowmoved herein 2004I still live hereI have lived here for 8 years.I have lived here since 2004/8 years ago. nowpastHe is full .He has had a big breakfast.1.过去某一时间点发生的动作对现在产生影响。过去某一时间点发生的动作对现在产生影响。功能：功能：2.过去某一时间点发生的动作持续过去某一时间点发生的动作持续 到现在或还将持续下去。到现在或还将持续下去。助动词助动词否定否定haventhasnt疑问疑问Have you?Has he? What are the key words for the Present Perfect Tense?A: _ your brother _ his homework yet? (finish)B: Yes, he s already done it.Has finished yet already 注意：注意：already 用于肯定句，用于肯定句， yet 用于疑问句和否定句中用于疑问句和否定句中A: _ you ever _ to the park? ( be )B: No, never. Have been yet already ever never 注意：注意： ever 曾经曾经 用于疑问句中用于疑问句中 never 从不从不 带有否定意义带有否定意义I _ just _ the desk, you can take it to your classroom . (mend )have mended yet ever never just already Just 刚刚刚刚 与现在完成时连用与现在完成时连用 一般置句中一般置句中Just now 刚才刚才 与一般过去时连用与一般过去时连用Tom _ in the factory since he left school ten years ago. (work )has worked yet ever never since already since 后面带后面带过去时间过去时间或或有一般过去时有一般过去时的句子的句子A: How long _ you _ in this school? (teach )B: For 6 years. have taught yet ever never since for already + 一段时间一段时间since: (自自以来以来)1)since+时间点时间点He has stayed here since 5 oclock.2)since+ 时间段时间段+ agoHe has stayed here since 5 hours ago.3)since+ 从句从句She has taught English since he came here. for: (长达）长达）for+ 时间段时间段He has kept the book for 2 weeks.since , for 的用法的用法: Take notes 用for 或since填空1.Mr. Brown has had his TV _ 15 years. 2. Ive taken driving lessons _ last month. 3. My sister has had her cell phone _ a month . 4. My friends havent visited me _ my birthday. 5. We havent used our car _ a long time . 6. She hasnt had a good cup of coffee _ years. 7. Tom has worn glasses _ he was 7 years old. forsinceforsinceforforsinceWe _ only _ 100 trees so far. (answer ) have planted yet ever never since for just already so far 到目前为止到目前为止 yet ever never since for just before already so far in the past 10 years twice 也可以是其他表示次数的词也可以是其他表示次数的词how longhave(has)been和和 have(has)gone 的区别的区别Where has he been?Where has he gone?have(has)been:表示曾经到过某地，表示曾经到过某地，人现在不在某地。人现在不在某地。have(has)gone：表示已经去过某地了，表示已经去过某地了，人现在在去某地的路上或人现在在去某地的路上或已经在某地了。已经在某地了。翻译：翻译：他去哪儿的？（他已经回来了）他去哪儿的？（他已经回来了）他去哪儿了？（他不在这里）他去哪儿了？（他不在这里）练：练：She has been to Shanghai.She has gone to Shanghai.实义动词分为: 1) 瞬间动词瞬间动词 (强调动作强调动作) 2)延续动词延续动词 (强调状态强调状态)瞬间动词瞬间动词joinbegin/startborrowfinish/endarrive/comeleavediebuy注意注意: 瞬间动词不能和瞬间动词不能和时间段时间段连用连用. PAY ATTENTION 注意1.现在完成时句中常见的时间状语现在完成时句中常见的时间状语A.表示从过去一直持续到现在表示从过去一直持续到现在,不能是具体过去时间不能是具体过去时间 ( 1).for+表示表示一段一段时间的短语时间的短语 ( 2).since+表示表示过去时间点过去时间点的词语的词语 ( 3).since+表示过去时间的时间状语表示过去时间的时间状语从句从句eg.I have been a teacher _ a year. He has been at this school _ 1992. We have learned 1,000 English words _ we came to this school.forsincesince B.just,already,yet,before/ ever,never 有此类副词时有此类副词时,常强调动作完成常强调动作完成,不强调动作的持续不强调动作的持续. eg.Have you _been to Japan? I have _ finished my homework. I have finished my homework _. I havent finished my homework _.everjustalreadyyet2.区分区分短暂性动词短暂性动词与与持续性动词持续性动词. 表示短暂性表示短暂性(瞬间性瞬间性)的动词在现在完成时的句中的动词在现在完成时的句中不能不能和和一段时间一段时间连用连用.短暂性的动词如：短暂性的动词如：come，go，join，leave，buy等，在完成时态中不能与等，在完成时态中不能与for,since短语或短语或How long等引起的时间状语连用。等引起的时间状语连用。I have bought this pen for two months.I have had this pen for two months.How long have you _ this pen.hadThe teacher has left.The teacher has been away for half an hour .(be away)method 1: 动作动作状态状态die be over leaveborrow/buy arrive begin end/finish join marrykeep/had be away be here be on(上演） be married be in be deadShe has bought the computer for two years.hadbuyhave/has hadHow long have you come to the United States？ been income tohave/has been inbuyhave/has hadAnn has gone to China since three months ago.been income tohave/has been inbuyhave/has hadgo tohave/has been inMy brother has joined the army for five years. been inbeen a soldier come tohave/has been inbuyhave/has hadgo tohave/has been ingot tohave/has been injoin have/has been inhave/has been a soldier I have left Shanghai for 3 days. been away for 3 days. come tohave/has been inbuyhave/has hadgo tohave/has been ingot tohave/has been injoin have/has been inhave/has been a soldier leave have/has been away I have borrowed the dictionary since 3 days ago . kept come tohave/has been inbuyhave/has hadgo tohave/has been ingot tohave/has been injoin have/has been inhave/has been a soldier leave have/has been away borrow have/has kept The film has begun for 10 minutes. been on come tohave/has been inbuyhave/has hadgo tohave/has been ingot tohave/has been injoin have/has been inhave/has been a soldier leave have/has been away borrow have/has kept begin have/has been on The concert has finished for half an hour. been over come tohave/has been inbuyhave/has hadgo tohave/has been ingot tohave/has been injoin have/has been inhave/has been a soldier leave have/has been away borrow have/has kept begin have/has been on finish have/has been over His dog has died for two years . been dead come tohave/has been inbuyhave/has hadgo tohave/has been ingot tohave/has been injoin have/has been inhave/has been a soldier leave have/has been away borrow have/has kept begin have/has been on finish have/has been over die have/has been dead 只用于第三人称只用于第三人称 nowpastfuture一般过去时现在完成时一般过去时表示的是纯粹在过去发生的事情现在完成时表示的是在过去某个时间开始并持续到现在的动作/状态,或者发生在过去却对现在造成的影响 现在完成时与一般过去时的比较现在完成时与一般过去时的比较 I saw this film yesterday.（强调看的动作发生过了。）（强调看的动作发生过了。）I have seen this film. （强调对现在的影响，电影（强调对现在的影响，电影的内容已经知道了。）的内容已经知道了。） have known knew saw have lost have did move lived did has finished see saw
展开阅读全文