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the infinitive不定式不定式 不定式的基本概念不定式的基本概念小品词小品词to + 动词原形动词原形 (to go )具体特征：1）兼有名词、形容词、副词和动词的特征。可以充当句子除谓语以外的任何成份。2）有时态和语态的变化。（着重动作未发生。-将来）。 is better than .在很多情况下，特别是在口语中，如果在很多情况下，特别是在口语中，如果这个不定式主语宾语太长，常采用先行这个不定式主语宾语太长，常采用先行it代代替，而把不定式后置：替，而把不定式后置： Its a great pleasure . I find it difficult to finish the homework.1.动词不定式在句子中可作名词或不定动词不定式在句子中可作名词或不定代词的定语，只能放在被修饰名词或代词的定语，只能放在被修饰名词或不定代词的后面。例如：不定代词的后面。例如： We should have courage to face the music. I want to get something to drink. eg. 我有很多作业要做。我有很多作业要做。 I have much homework_. He has no book _.（他没有书读）（他没有书读）to doto read2. 如果是不及物动词的不定式作定语时，如果是不及物动词的不定式作定语时，后面要接上相应的介词。例如：后面要接上相应的介词。例如：The man has a wife and three children to look after.It seems that she is not a happy girl to work with.Eg. 我想找间房子住。我想找间房子住。I want to find a room _.He has no pen _.to live in to write with 1.这种不定式结构接近一个名词从句这种不定式结构接近一个名词从句,通通常用来做某些动词的宾语。这类动词常常用来做某些动词的宾语。这类动词常见的有：见的有：tell, advise, show, teach, find out, decide, discuss, learn, forget, inquire, know, explain, remember, see, understand, wonder 等。疑问词（也称连接代等。疑问词（也称连接代/副词）有：副词）有：what, where, who(m), when, how, whether, which（why 除外除外如：如： I dont know what to do / where to go / who(m) to ask / when to stop / how to get there. I havent decided whether to sell it or not. We must find out what to do next / where to put it.2.这类这类结构可作动词的宾语也可作介词结构可作动词的宾语也可作介词的宾语的宾语. 一般都是一般都是:介词介词+疑问词疑问词+不定式不定式. Im worrying about what to do next.Marx gave some advice on how to learn a foreign language.3此结构容易混淆的短语比较：比较：1.I dont know what to do.1.I dont know how to do it.2.Please tell me how to deal with it.2.Please tell me what to do with it.Can you find the difference?1）Tell him _ the window. A. to shut not B. not to shut C. to not shut D. not shut2)Her plan _ made me surprised. A.is to fly B. is flying C. to fly D. flying 3）Mrs. Smith didnt know _ the car after drinking. A.how to do B. what to do with C.how to do with D. what to do
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