2010中考英语复习课本知识整理 九年级Unit 1-2

2010中考英语复习课本知识整理Unit 1-2【知识梳理】 I. 重点短语1 not at all 一点也不 2 end up最后 3 make mistakes犯错误 4 later on随后 5 be afraid to 害怕 6 laugh at嘲笑 7 take note 做笔记 8 look up 查(字典) 9 make up 组成 10 get excited 感到兴奋 11 to begin with 开始 12 it doesn't matter (if) (如果.)不是问题 13 change.into. 把.变成(当成). 14 regards .as. 视.为 15 stay angry(for years).(about)(为.)生气了(很多年) 16 go by (时间)流逝 17 decide not to do Sth 决定不做某事 18 deal with 解决 19 compare.to. 与.做比较 20 worry about 担心. 21 break off 中断,停止 22 try one's best 尽某人的力 23 be angry with -对.生气 24 with the help on/of 在.的帮助下 25 keep a diary 记日记 26 working with friends 和朋友一起工作/学习 27 break off a friend ship 中断友谊(绝交) 28 by think of a problem 通过思考问题 29 in a positive way 通过乐观的方法/想法II. 重要句型1.one of +(the+ 形容词最高级)+名词复数形式 其中之一2.see sb. / sth. doing 看见某人正在做某事 强调正在发生3.Its +形容词+(for sb. ) to do sth. (对于某人来说)做某事4. it seems that.-看起来III. 重要语法² 现在完成时态² 反意疑问句【课文解析】重点单词1pronounce v发音Can you pronounce these words? 你会发这些单词的音吗 ?(1)pronounce 不及物动词，意为“发音”。 Pronounce your words clearly你把单词的音发清楚。 I don't know how to pronounce the word 我不知道怎样读那个单词。 (2)pronounce的名词形式为pronunciation。 a word with two pronunciations 一个有两种发音的单词He speaks English fluently，but his pronunciation is poor他英语说得很流利，但他的发音不好。4afraid adj 害怕的 Are you afraid to go out alone at night? 你害怕夜晚独自出去吗?afraid意为“害怕的，恐怕”，在句中常作表语。常用结构有：be afraid of sth“害怕某事”be afraid to do sth“害怕做某事”be afraid+ that“恐怕”。 I am afraid of snakes我怕蛇。 He is afraid to go to Beijing by himself他害怕一个人去北京。 I'm afraid that he won't come this evening我恐怕他今天晚上不会来了。5afford v买得起，提供 This kind of computer is too expensive and I can't afford it这种电脑太贵了，我买不起。afford常用作及物动词，意为“买(经受)得起；给予，提供”，其后常接名词、代词或动词不定式作宾语， afford后还可接双宾语。 At last I can afford a watch我终于买得起一只手表了。 I could not afford so much money for a bicycle我出不起那么多钱买一辆自行车。 I'll afford you a chance我将给你提供一个机会。 一Do you learn English by reading aloud?一Yes1 often read aloud to practice my_(pronounce) He is _dogs，so he never keeps any of them at homeAinterested in Bafraid of Cworried about Dinteresting in The art club is for members onlyYou can't go in_ you are a member Aunless Bbecause Cif Dthough一 Listen! is Professor Johnson giving a reportn the hall?一No，it _be himHe has gone to Japan Aneedn't Bmay not Cmustn't Dcan'tWe can hardly to buy this kind of computer because it is too expensiveAoffer Bafford Cable DhaveClasses will begin in five minutes and_ _ that Arthur will be lateAI believe BI think CI am afraid DI am sure一Why do you turn down the radio? 一I'm _waking the babyAafraid of Bbusy with Ccareful for Dwilling to他在电话薄里查了一下号码，找到了 汤姆的电话号码。2regardas把当作把看作Regard problems as challenges把问题看作是挑战。思维拓展 regardas同义词组有haveas把当作”·；look onas把看作。regardas侧重外部形象或主观视觉上的评价。 We all regard him as our friend我们都把他当作我们的朋友。 haveas侧重“让 某人当，推选某人当”。We have him as our monitor我们让他当我们的班长。look onas与regardas意思相同，侧重 “把看作”。I look on him as a good friend我把他视为好友。3end up结束。告终His words ended up the class meeting他的话结束了班会。 指点迷津 (1)end up为动词短语，后面可直接加名词或动词的一 ing形式。end up doing sth结束做某事。 They ended up travelling in Canada at the news听到这个消息，他们结束了在加拿大的旅行。(2)end up with表示“以结束，告终”，其反义词组为startbegin with以开始。The English party began with an English song and ended up with a wellknown piano music英语晚会一首英文歌开始，以一首著名的钢琴曲结束。思维拓展(1)in the end“最后，终于”，相当于at last，finally。We won in the end最后，我们取得了胜利。(2)to the end表示到某一终点为止，指地点，也指时间。Go down the street to the end and you will find the shop沿着这条街走到尽头，你将会找到那个商店。(3)by the end of到为止，在以前，常与过去完成时连用。He had finished the work by the end of last month上个月底以前他就已经完成了那项工作。(4)at the end of在末尾，在尽头，后既可以接表示时问的名词，也可以接表示地点的名词。The hospital is at the end of the road医院就在路的尽头。He will come to see you at the end of this month这个月底他要来看你。 4deal with处理How did you deal with the money? 你怎样处理那些钱?(1)deal with意为“处理，解决”，为动介结构短语，with为介词，其后常接trouble，problem等词。I am good at dealing with pressure我善于应付压力。(2)deal with还可意为“与打交道，与做买卖”，此时，主语通常是表示人、公司、商店等的名词。My eider brother will deal with you later on我哥哥以后会来收拾你的。指点迷津deal with与do with二者都有“处理，对付”之意。(1)deal with侧重“方式方法”，常与how连用。How are you going to deal with the TV set? 你打算怎么处理这台电视机?(2)do with侧重“对象”，往往与what搭配使用。What are you going to do with the camera you found? 你打算怎么处理你找到的那部照相机？5used to过去，过去经常I used to get up late in the morning我过去早上起床很晚。(1)"used to+动词原形”是英语中的一个常见的固定 结构，意为“过去常常，以前经常”，表示已经过去的 习惯或状态。其主要用法是：说明过去的习惯、经常性的动作或行为状态，说这句话 时，含有“跟现在不同”的含义。 In China，people used to think that Change was on the moon在中国，人们以前常常认为嫦娥住在月球 。(事实上，现在人们已经不这样认为了) There used to be a factory there 那儿曾有一家工厂。（暗示工厂现在已不存在) We used to go to the English Corner 我们过去常常去英语角。(暗指现在不去了) (2)used to的否定式可为used not to，也可为didn't use to。疑问句式也有两种： Diduse to?Usedto? Didn't she use to live in Shanghai?doesnt she to live in Shanghai? 她过去不是一直住在上海吗? Did he use to be short?Used he to be short? 他过去很矮吗? 思维拓展 (1)be used to do sth表示“被用于做某事”。不定式表示目的，可用于各种时态。 A stamp is used to send letters邮票用来寄信件。 (2)be used to doing sth表示“已习惯于做某事”，to为介词，后接名词、代词或动名词'be可用becomeget等来代替。 I am used to getting up early我已习惯于早起了。 (3)be used for doing sth意为“用于、被用来做”，介词for所构成的短语表示“用途”。 Knives are used for cutting things刀是用来切东西的。 (4)“be used as+名词”意为“被用来当作”，介词as表示“作为”。 This room is used as a living room.这个房间被用来作起居室。 即景活用I a lot but I don't play very often nowAuse to play tennisBwas used to play tennisCam used to play tennis Dused to play tennisHe has learnt to properly with a11 kinds of complicated situationsAdo Bdeal Ctake DmakeShe often new words in the dictionaryIt's a good habitAlooks after Blooks downClooks up Dlooks out(2009锦州中考)When we practice speaking English，we often end up in ChineseAto speak Bspeaking Cspoken Dspeak1.答案：D点拨：used to do sth过去常常做某事(现在不做了)。句意为“我过去常常打网球，但现在不经常打了”。A项结构错误，B、C项使用了被动语态，不合题意，故选D。2.答案：B点拨：句意为：他已学会恰当地应付各种复杂局面。所以应用do with或deal with，表示“应付，处理”。另外，从句子的结构看，本题的空格后没有宾语，所以应选不及物动词deal，故选B。3.答案：C 点拨：本题考查短语的用法。look after'照顾”；look down“向下看”；look up“查找；抬头看”；look out“当心，注意”；句中宾语为“ new words”，故用look up最合适。4.答案：B点拨：end up doing sth以结束，故选B。考点句型1I study by working with a group我和组里的同学一起学习。(1)“by+ v一 ing形式”意为“靠做某事”。介词by意为“通过，凭(以)”，后面常接v.-ing形式，即“by +v一 ing形式”。该结构表示通过做某事而得到某种结果。My uncle makes a living by teaching我叔叔靠教书为生。(2)“by+v 一ing形式”结构常用来回答How do you?或How can I?这类句子。一How do you learn English?你怎样学英语?一I learn English by listening to cassettes我通过听录音带学习英语。一How can I turn on the light?我怎么开这盏灯?一By turning this button转这个按钮。思维拓展 by的其他常见用法： (1)表示位置，意思是“在旁边”“靠近”，有时可与beside换用。 The girls are dancing by(beside)the lake女孩们正在湖边跳舞。(2)表示交通方式，意为“乘，坐”。 Mary often goes to work by bus玛丽常坐公共汽车上班。 (3)表示时间，意思为“在以前，不迟于”。 My brother will come back by 5：00我弟弟将在5点前回来。 2If you don't know how to spell new words如果你不知道怎样拼写生词。how to spell new words怎样拼写生词。疑问句+动词不定式短语在句中通常作宾语、主语和表语，所构成的句子为简单句。I don't know what to do我不知道该做什么。 How to do it is a question怎样去做个问题。Can you tell me how to get to the post office?Can you tell me how 1 can get to the post office? 你能告诉我去邮局怎么走吗？3I go to sleep with my bedroom light on我开着卧室的灯睡觉。(1)with my bedroom light on为介词短语，在句子中作伴随状语，该结构形式为“with+宾语+宾语补足语”。其中宾语补足语可由不定式、形容词、副词、介词短语、现在(过去)分词来充当。They are singing happily with the fire burning他们在火堆旁幸福地唱着歌。The woman stood there with her hands in the pockets那个妇人站在那里，手插在口袋里。(2)on还可作形容词，意为"工作的，开着的”，表示某种状态在进行。The lights in the classroom are still on交手机里的灯还亮着【中考连线】It_ that it is going to rainAseem Bseems Cseemed Dis seemed一Will you please show me Skype to talk to others?Sure，it's quite easyAhow can I use Bwhat can I useCwhat to use Dhow to useThe girl is lying on the grass，with her eyes_Aopening BopenedCto be opening DopenYou can improve your English reading more Ain Bwith Cby Dof1.答案：B点拨：句中的seem是个不及物动词，没有被动语态，且主句的时态与从句的时态保持一致。2.答案：D点拨：问句意为“请你给我演示一下怎样使用Skype和别人通话好吗?”A项为疑问语序，故错误，应选D。3.答案：D点拨：本题考查with复合结构作伴随状语的情况。应用“with+名词+形容词”这一结构，这里的形容词作宾语补足语，表状态，故选D。句意为：这个小姑娘躺在草地上，睁着眼睛。4.答案：C点拨：表示“通过某种方式”用介词by，故选C。词语辨析：Yes, I have. I have just finished it.是的。我刚刚完成了。I have already finished it .我已经完成了。Have you ever been to China?你曾经去过中国吗？No, I have never been there.没有，我从来也没有去过。 表示过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态和表示过去某一时刻延续到现在（包括现在在内）的一段时间的状态连用如：（for + 时间段，since + 时间点，或过去某一动作， 以及how long ） 注：非延续性动词在现在完成 时态中不能和for, since 引导的表示一段时间的状语的肯定句连用。应转为相应的延续性动词 如：Buy - have die- be dead join - be inborrow - keep leave- be awayI have bought a pen. - I have had a pen for 2 weeks.The dog has died. - The dog has been dead since last week.have (has) been to + 地点 去过某地 已经回来have (has) gone to + 地点 去了某地 没有回来have been in + 地点 一直呆在某地 没有离开过 如：She has been to Shanghai. 她去过上海。(已经回来)She has gone to Shanghai. 她去了上海。(没有回来)She has been in Shanghai for 2 days.她呆上海两天了。(没有离开过上海)² 2、反意疑问句 反意疑问句的提问部分的结构是：助动词(be / will / do / have ) / 情态动词(can / could等) + 主语 肯定陈述句否定提问如：Lily is a student, isnt she? Lily will go to China, wont she? 否定陈述句肯定提问 如：She doesnt come from China, does she?You havent finished homework, have you?提问部分用代词而不用名词 Lily is a student, isnt she?陈述句中含有否定意义的词，如：little, few, never, nothing, hardly等。其反意疑问句用肯定式。 如：He knows little English, does he?他一点也不懂英语，不是吗？They hardly understood it, did they? 他们几乎不明白，不是吗?单元测试卷一、选择填空( )1Does your English teacher like to teach the new words _ flashcards？AmakingBby makingCto makeDon making( )2Mrs Hill feels_She thinks _grammar is a great wayAdifferent；studying Bdifferent；to studyCdifferently；studying Ddifferently；study( )3Miss Rose was _her poor familyAashaming inBashamed atCashaming forDashamed of( )4Now Mr Wang has became _expert _teaching EnglishAan; atBthe; inCa; ofD;( )5You had better keep sending the_ message to your parentsAlateBlaterClatestDearliest( )6The best method _ is _itAlearning language；to use Bto learn a language；by usingC1earning English；using Dto learn English；to use( )7_the words of songs also _me a littleAMemorizing；helpBTo memorize；helpsCMemory；helpedDMemorizing；to help( )8I watched some boys _football on the playgroundAplay theBplayedCplayingDto play the( )9The teacher was _when he heard the _newsAexcited；excitedBexciting；excitingCexcited；excitingDexciting；excited( )10Im not sure if my father will _my new fashionable friendsAfit in withBget alongCmake friendsDask for( )11The meeting was very successful，and our teacher _in EnglishAend up speakingBended speakingCended up to speakDended up speaking( )12Im afraid _that you have made _grammar of this sentenceAto say；a mistakeBsaying；mistakes inCto say；a mistake inDsaying；mistakes to( )13This story is a bit too difficult for us_ read something easier？AWhy notBWhy not to CWhy not youDWhy dont( )1 4Wu Chang studies English by _English language TVAseeingBlookingCto watchDwatching( )1 5The twins are talking about _flashcards nowAmakeBmakingCto makeDmade二、完形填空AThousands of years ago，there were no last namesPeople lived in small villagesThey didnt 16 see people from other places，so a first name was17 The Chinese were the first to use 18 namesThey used these names to honor family members from the pastIn China，the family name comes 19 About 1 000 years ago，people started 20 last names in EnglandSome of these names， such as Carpenter and Baker，came 21 the jobs people didSome told where the person 22 These included Forest，Hill and LakeSome last names described family membersFamilies took names like Long，Short，Rich，23 WiseIn some places a last name included the fathers first nameIn Sweden they added 24 to make the names Johnson and EriksonIn the same way，people in Scotland were 25 names like MacDonald and McCake( )16AoftenBalwaysCeverDusually( )17AgoodBenoughCwellDnice( )18AsecondBfirstClastDfull( )19AlastBfirstCsecondDthird( )20AuseBusedCusesDusing( )21AfromBtoConDfor( )22AliveBlivingClivesDlived( )23AandBbutCorDfor( )24AmotherBsonCfatherDdaughter( )25AgivenBgivingCgiveDto give ( )34Aaway fromBaheadCin front Dbehind( )35Aall rightBwellCslowlyDwrong三、阅读理解AOne night there was a heavy snow and in the morning，MrSmiths garden was full of deep snowMrSmith wanted to take his car out，so he paid a man to clear the road from his small room for keeping his car to the gateHe said to the man，“Dont throw any snow on this side，because it will break the young trees，and dont throw any on the other side because it will cover the flowersAnd dont throw any into the street，or the police will be angry”Then MrSmith went outWhen he came back，the road was clear and the snow from the road was not on the trees or the flowers，or the streetMrSmith was very pleased until he opened the room to get his car out! The room was full of snow，and his car was somewhere under it all( )36What does Mr. Smith want to do that morning？ ADo some cleaning BClear the snowCTake his car out of the snowDDrive his car( )37Why did a man help Mr. Smith to clean the road？AHe was Mr. Smiths friendBHe was Mr. Smiths servant CHe got some money from Mr. SmithDHe wanted to do something good for others( )38Whats on both sides of the road？ATall trees and young trees BNothing but flowersCSome young trees and flowers DSome young trees( )39When was Mr.Smith very happy that morning？ABefore he opened the small room to take his car outBBefore he saw the clear streetCWhen the man told him what he had done DWhen he drove his car( )40Why couldnt Mr.Smith get his car out？ABecause the car was brokenBBecause the car was covered by much snowCBecause the room was full of snowDBecause he didnt know where his car wasBTwo women on a train were arguingAt last one of them called the conductorShe said，“If this window is open，I will catch coldAnd Ill probably die”The other woman said，“But if this window is shut，I will dieI will feel difficulty in breathing”The conductor didnt know what to doA man had been listening all the timeHe said he had an idea“First open the windowThat will kill one”he said，“Next shut itThat will kill the other，then we can have peace”( )41How did a man help the conductor？AHe told the conductor to open the windowBHe told the conductor to shut the windowCHe told the conductor to drive out the two arguing womenDHe told the conductor to first open the window and then shut it so that the two arguing women would die( )42What did the man really mean？AHe really meant to kill the two womenBHe was really making fun of the two womenCHe was really making a fool of the conductorDHe wanted to show that he was cleverer than the conductor( )43This story happened_Aon a trainBon a shipCon a busDon a plane( )44Which one is not right？AOne woman wanted to open the windowBOne woman wanted to shut the windowCEither open the window or shut the window，and one of the two women would dieDThe conductor didnt know how to stop the argument( )45This story tells us that_Awe should open the windows on a trainBwe should shut the windows on a turinCwe should help the conductor on a trainDwe should be polite and peaceful on a trainCAn old man died and left his son a lot of moneyBut the son didnt work hard and he quickly spent all the money，so that soon he had nothing leftOf course，when that happened，all his friends left himWhen he was quite poor and alone，he went to see Nasreddin，the kind，clever old man who often helped people when they had troubles“My money has finished and my friends have gone，”said the young man“What will happen to me now？”“Dont worry，young man，”answered Nasreddin“Everything will soon be all right againWait，and you will soon feel much happier” The young man was very glad“Am I going to get rich again then？”he asked Nasreddin“No，I didnt mean that，”said the old man“I meant that you would soon like to be poor and have no friends”根据短文内容填入适当的词46An old man left his son lots of money after he d4647The son didnt like working hard，so he spent his f47 money very soon48Of course his friends left him when the things h4849Then Nasreddin told him not to worry about that and everything w49 be OK50At last the young didnt understand the old mans w50四、阅读填词Americans e51 breakfast and l52 quickly unless it is a social business or family occasionThe evening meal is usually l53and a time for families to gather t54Rushing through daytime meals is part of the fast pace inA55Another reason for rushing through daytime meals is that many people eat in restaurants that are usually crowded with people waiting f56 a place so that they can be served and r57 to work at the proper timeSo each one hurries tom58 room for the next personwith busy people everywhere there is a real difference with meals that are eaten in a h59 and those that can be enjoyed s60 with friends51 e52l53l54t55A56f57r58m59h60s五、书面表达 61根据文中设置的情景，写出一篇不少于70个词的短文，要求语法正确，意思连贯。提示：昨天天气很好，李磊和林涛去了公园，他们过桥的时候看见一个小男孩掉进了河里，他们是怎么做的呢？ _ 参考答案1B2C3D4A5C6B7B8C9C10A11D12C13A14D15B16A此处为“不常”之意。17B18C与第一段出现的last names呼应。19B中国人的姓名出现在某些方面最前面。bikeWhen they crossed the bridge，they saw a boy fall into the river and heard the calling“Help”Both of them jumped into the river at once，they pulled him out of the water and helped him put on a dry coatThey didnt visit the park that day，but they felt very happyDo you know why？