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外研新标准外研新标准初三下初三下Unit 3 Language in useModule 51. To summarise and consolidate the use of modal verbs 2. To know more rules of eco-tourismObjectives：语法讲解建议采用归纳法，如尽可语法讲解建议采用归纳法，如尽可能多的呈现一些相关例句，或可让能多的呈现一些相关例句，或可让学生从已学课文中找相应例句，引学生从已学课文中找相应例句，引导学生试着从所观察到的语言现象导学生试着从所观察到的语言现象中总结出语法规律。中总结出语法规律。1. You must keep to the path.2. We should start walking.3. You have to think about personal safety!4. We can take a look across the countryside.5. I may need a rest very soon.6. You cant leave anything which bears might think is food.Are you familiar with these sentences? They are all from Module 5.7. I may need a rest very soon.8. We should hang the food in a tree tonight.9. Bears can climb trees.10. They can smell food from a distance.11. We should make lots of noise.12. You mustnt move or make any gesture.13. No one can run faster in the forest than a bear.14. I still couldnt see what was happening.Have you noticed the modal verbs underlined?1. to test your sense of observation2. to test your ability of short-term memory 3. to test your ability of inductive methodGuess1. You _ keep to the path.2. We _ start walking.3. You _ _ think about personal safety!4. We _ take a look across the countryside.5. I _ need a rest very soon.6. You _ leave anything which bears _ think is food.7. I _ need a rest very soon.mustshouldhave tocanmaycantmight may 8. We _ hang the food in a tree tonight. 9. Bears _ climb trees.10. They _ smell food from a distance.11. We _ make lots of noise.12. You _ move or make any gesture.13. No one _ run faster in the forest than a bear.14. I still _ see what was happening. should can can should can couldnt mustnt Read the list of rules and write sentences.Castle Peak Indoor Climbing Centre To all climbers! Do: Sign in when you come to the centre. Climb with a partner. Wear a hard hat at all times. Wear the correct climbing shoes.Dont:Dont eat or drink anywhere except in the caf.Dont listen to personal music players while climbing.Dont light fires.Good practice:Use a locker to store your clothes.Wear loose, comfortable clothing.Wearing jewellery can cause accidents.Talking on a mobile phone while climbing can be dangerous.Read the list of rules and write sentences.You must sign in when you come to the centre.You must _.You mustnt _.You should _ _.You shouldnt _.climb with a partnerlight firesuse a locker to store your clothestake on a mobile phone以上我们已经通过归纳总结和练习对以上我们已经通过归纳总结和练习对本课的语法内容有了一定的了解本课的语法内容有了一定的了解, 下面下面就让我们根据之前练习的考察情况进就让我们根据之前练习的考察情况进一步选择讲解该语法项的重难点。一步选择讲解该语法项的重难点。1. can, could表示表示能力能力(体力体力, 知识知识, 技能技能), 常用情态常用情态 动词动词can和和could表达。表达。Can you lift this heavy box? (体力体力) Mary can speak three languages. (知识知识) Can you skate? (技能技能) 此时可用此时可用be able to代替代替。can只有一般只有一般 现在时和一般过去式现在时和一般过去式; 而而be able to 则有则有 更多的时态。更多的时态。 如：如：Ill not be able to come this afternoon. (一般将来时一般将来时)当表示当表示“经过努力才得以做成功某事经过努力才得以做成功某事”时时用用be able to, 不能用不能用can。如：。如： He was able to go to the party yesterday evening in spite of the heavy rain. 表示表示请求和允许请求和允许。如：。如：Can I go now? Yes, you can. / No, you cant. 此时可此时可与与may互换互换。在。在疑问句疑问句中还可中还可用用could, might代替代替，但，但could, might并不表并不表示过去式，只是语气更委婉。它们不能示过去式，只是语气更委婉。它们不能用于肯定句和答语中。如：用于肯定句和答语中。如：Could I come to see you tomorrow? Yes, you can. (No, Im afraid not.) 表示表示客观可能性客观可能性(客观原因形成的能力客观原因形成的能力)。 如：如： Theyve changed the timetable, so we can go by bus instead. This hall can hold 500 people at least. 表示表示推测推测 (惊讶、怀疑、不相信的态惊讶、怀疑、不相信的态 度度) ，用于疑问句、否定句和感叹句，用于疑问句、否定句和感叹句 中。中。 Can this be true? This cant be done by him. How can this be true? 2. may, might表示表示请求和允许请求和允许。might比比may语气更委语气更委婉，而不是过去式。否定回答时可用婉，而不是过去式。否定回答时可用cant 或或mustnt，表示，表示“不可以，禁止不可以，禁止”。如：。如：Might / May I smoke in this room? No, you mustnt.May / Might I take this book out of the room? Yes, you can. (No, you cant /mustnt. ) 用用May I .？征徇对方许可征徇对方许可时比较正式和时比较正式和客气，而用客气，而用Can I .？在口语中更常见。在口语中更常见。用于用于祈使句祈使句，表示，表示祝愿祝愿。如：。如： May you succeed! 表示表示推测、可能性推测、可能性 (不用于疑问句不用于疑问句)。 might不是过去式，它所表示的可能不是过去式，它所表示的可能 性比性比may小。如：小。如： He may / might be very busy now. Your mother may / might not know the truth. 3. must, have to表示表示命令、禁止、不得不命令、禁止、不得不。如：。如： You must come in time. 在回答引出的问句时在回答引出的问句时, 如果是否定的如果是否定的, 不能用不能用mustnt (禁止禁止, 不准不准)，而用，而用neednt, dont have to (不必不必)。Must we hand in our exercise books today? Yes, you must. No, you dont have to / you neednt. must是是说话人的主观看法说话人的主观看法，而，而have to 则强调则强调客观需要客观需要。must只有一般现在只有一般现在 时，时，have to 有更多的时态形式。如：有更多的时态形式。如： His play isnt interesting, I really must go now. I had to work when I was your age. 表示表示推测、可能性推测、可能性（只用于（只用于肯定的肯定的 陈述句陈述句)。如：。如： Youre Toms good friend, so you must know what he likes best. Your mother must be waiting for you now. 4. shall, shouldshall 用于用于第一人称第一人称，征求对方的意见征求对方的意见。 如：如：What shall we do this evening? shall 用于用于第二、三人称第二、三人称，表示说话人，表示说话人 给对方的给对方的命令、警告、允诺或威胁命令、警告、允诺或威胁。 You shall fail if you dont work hard. (警告警告) He shall have the book when I finish it. (允诺允诺) He shall be punished. (威胁威胁) 5. will, would 表示表示请求、建议请求、建议等，等，would更委婉更委婉。如。如: Will / Would you pass me the ball, please? 表示表示意志、愿望和决心意志、愿望和决心。如如: I will never do that again. They asked him if he would go abroad.would表示表示过去反复发生的动作或某种过去反复发生的动作或某种倾向倾向。would表示过去习惯时比表示过去习惯时比used to 正正式，且没有式，且没有“现已无此习惯现已无此习惯”的含义。如：的含义。如： During the vacation, he would visit me every other day. The wound would not heal. 表示表示估计估计和和猜想猜想。例如：。例如： It would be about ten oclock when she left home. should, ought to表示表示“应该应该”，ought to 表示义务或责任，表示义务或责任，比比should语气重语气重。 I should help her because she is in trouble. You ought to take care of the baby. 6. should, ought to 表示表示劝告、建议和命令劝告、建议和命令。should, ought to可通用可通用，但在疑问句中常用，但在疑问句中常用should。 You should / ought to go to class right away. Should I open the window? 表示表示推测推测 should/ ought to 客观推测客观推测 must 主观推测主观推测 He must be home by now. (断定他已到家断定他已到家) He ought to/should be home by now. (不太肯定不太肯定) This is where the oil must be. (直爽直爽) This is where the oil ought to/should be. (含蓄含蓄)情态动词练习情态动词练习1. 你必须马上回家。你必须马上回家。 You must go home now.2. 他一定吃过什么东西了。他一定吃过什么东西了。 He must have eaten something.3. 吃饭之前不能吃零食。吃饭之前不能吃零食。 You mustnt eat snacks before meals.4. 我可以问你的名字吗？我可以问你的名字吗？ May I ask your name?5. 你能用英语说吗？你能用英语说吗？ Can you speak in English?6. 我们应该准时去上学。我们应该准时去上学。 We should go to school on time.7. 你没有必要那么做。你没有必要那么做。 You neednt do that.注注: word : word 文档文档点击此处链接点击此处链接1. Dad, must we wait until the light becomes green? Yes, Im afraid we_ .Thats the traffic rule.（2013河南）河南） A. can B. may C. have to D. need 2. _ I see your ID card, sir? We have to check your information.（2013河北）河北） A. May B. Must C. Should D. Need3. Finish your homework first, then youll _ watch TV for an hour. （2013甘肃白银）甘肃白银） A. can B. be able to C. able D. could4.Amy, I hear youve got many foreign coins. _ I have a look? Of course, Ill fetch them for you. （2013广东梅州）广东梅州） A. May B. Must C. Should D. Need 5. Where are you going this month? We_ go to Xiamen, but were not sure.（2013天津）天津） A. neednt B. must C. might D. mustnt6. -May I go out for a while, Mom? No, you . You have to finish your homework first. （2013山东威海）山东威海） A. shouldnt B. neednt C. mustnt D. wont7. Students in our school _ know shouting is not allowed in the library. （2013山东莱芜）山东莱芜） A. can B. may C. must D. need8. _ I have lunch now, Mom? No. You must wash your hands first. （2013湖南长沙）湖南长沙）A. WouldB. May C. Ought to 9. Have you decided where to go for your summer vacation? Not yet. We _ go to Qingdao. Its a good place for vacation. （2013福建泉州）福建泉州）A.may B. need C. must10. Can I borrow your ruler, please? Yes, you_. But you must return it to me before lunchtime.（2013江苏徐江苏徐州）州）A. have B. can C. must D. used to11. Whose notebook is this? It _ Jims. It has his name on it. (2012)A. cant be B. must be C. can be 12. Shall we take a taxi? No, we . Its not far from here. (2012) A. cant B. mustnt C. shouldnt D. neednt13. Who is that? It _ be Shirly. Only she is in red today. (2012) A. could B. may C. must14. Mom, must I clean my room now? No, you . You can do it tomorrow.(2012) A. cant B. neednt C. mustnt D. shouldnt 15. _ I do the laundry first? No, you _. You can do your homework first. (2012) A. Must; mustnt B. Can; mustnt C. Must; neednt D. May; neednt16. Mum, must I wash the dishes right now? No, you _. (2012) A. shouldnt B. wouldnt C. mustnt D. neednt17. That man _ be my English teacher. He has gone to Canada. (2012)A. neednt B. mustnt C. cant18. _ I try on those shoes in the window? _. They are just on show. (2012) A. Could; Yes, you can B. Can; Sorry, you couldntC. Could; Sorry, you cant D. Can; Yes, you could19. Theres enough time for you to go to the airport. You_ hurry now. (2012)A. should B. neednt C. must D. cant20. Have you decided which senior high school to choose? Not yet. I go to Moonlight School. (2012)A. must B. may C. need D. should21. _ I swim here? Im sorry. Children _ swim alone here. (2012) A. Must , cant B. May , must C. Can, mustnt D. Cant, can22. Must I turn down the radio now? No, you . (2012) A. mustnt B. neednt C. cant D. wont 23. Shall we take a taxi? No, we _. Its not far from here. (2012) A. cant B. mustnt C. shouldnt D. neednt24. Is that your teacher? That _ be Mr Wang. He has gone to Japan with his wife. (2012) A. cant B. mustnt C. may not25. Dean, I hear youve got a set of Canadian stamps. _ I have a look? Of course. Ill fetch them for you. (2011)A. MayB. Must C. Should D. Need 26. Whose jacket is it? It _ be Wu Leis. I saw him wear it just now. (2011)A. cant B. must C. may27. Can I wear any clothes I like to school? No, you cant. You _ wear a uniform. (2011) A. might B. must C. will D. would 28. Do we have to go to school this afternoon? Yes, you _. (2011) A. must B. can C. need29. Must I go to the shop with you, Mum? Er I can make it myself, Mike. You _ go with me. (2010) A. mustnt B. shouldnt C. wouldnt D. neednt30. This desk is too heavy. I _ move it. Could you help me? No problem. (2010) A. can B. cant C. should D. shouldntMatch the signs and the rules.1. No smoking allowed inside the building.2. All visitors have to report to reception.3. Smoking is allowed outside the building.4. Its best to bring a bottle of water on the trip.C FB E 5. Never go mountain climbing in bad weather.6. Be careful of children crossing the road.7. Its a good idea to allow at least an hour to view the museum.8. Its dangerous to stay out in the sunshine too long without a hat.A D H G 1. Why must you sign in when you come to the centre?2. Why must you climb with a partner?Explain why the rules in Activity 2 are important.So that they know who is there.In case you have any problems.3. Why shouldnt you listen to music while youre climbing? So that you can hear what is going on around you. 4. Why mustnt you light fires? In case the fire spreads and causes damage.5. Why shouldnt you talk on your mobile phone when youre climbing? So that you concentrate on what you are doing.People are very (1) _ about the damage that is being done to the ancient forests of Britain. Many visitors to the forests use (2) _ to cut their names into the trees-some of which are hundreds of years old. Although there are plenty of rubbish bins, people stillkeep stone stream tourist worryworried stones Complete the passage with the correct form of the words in the box.throw rubbish into the (3) _ and this causes plants and fish to die. A local conservation group is making a huge effort to help.Students and even retired (已退休的已退休的) people from the local villages have all got involved in cleaning up the forests, and they have already achieved good results. But we expect the (4) _ to play their part in (5) _ our forests clean, too!stream tourists keepingYou should _ _.You shouldnt _ _.You must _.You mustnt _.Now write some rules for visitors to the forests.throw rubbish into the rubbish bins throw rubbish into the streams keep the forests clean drop litter in the forestRead the passage in Activity 6 and answer the following questions:1. Why does one student think we must all try to save water?2. What was one student trying to say with his drawing of a big shining bulb?Because to save water is to save our lives. If we had no water to drink one day, we would die. I also think so. He was trying to say that people mustnt waste energy. 3. How has the school program influenced students families? The students can pass on what they have learnt in school to their parents and other people in the neighborhood.4. How can a school become a “green school”?In order to become a green school, a school must include environmental education as part of the timetable. ListeningListen and put the advice in the correct column.Advice for taking people walking in the countryside: Plan the walk carefully. Walk on the road. Choose a starting point people can get to by bus or train. Try a new walk with a group. Tell people to bring a picnic lunch. Walk in hot weather.DoDontPlan the walk carefully.Choose a starting point people can get to by bus or train.Tell people to bring a picnic lunch.Try a new walk with a group.Walk in hot weather.Walk on the road.If you are asked to write some advice for visitors to China, what advice will you give them? Visiting someones homeYou should finish eating everything on your plate. You shouldnt talk with your mouth full. Travelling on public transport You should give the seat to the old. Visiting tourist sights You must walk on paths or roads. You mustnt pick flowers or damage trees. Polite behaviour in public You mustnt spit in public.Use the following structures to write your advice : You must You mustnt You should You shouldntWork in pairs and compare your advice. Write five pieces of advice which your group think are most helpful.Modal verb: the use of can, could, would, must, should, have to, mustntQUIZ注注: word : word 文档文档点击此处链接点击此处链接. 从方框内选择适当的单词并用其正从方框内选择适当的单词并用其正确形式完成句子（每词限用一次）。确形式完成句子（每词限用一次）。rope five damage cause director effort 1. As far as I know, Lindas mother is a company _.2. Yesterday he had an accident with a car and his bike was _.directordamaged3. If you want to get better grades, you should put more _ into your work.4. Mr Wangs office is on the _ floor, isnt it?5. Many people know that smoking can _ lung cancer (肺癌肺癌).6. Youd better tie (捆绑捆绑) the books up with a strong _.effortfifthcauserope. 单项选择单项选择1. Could I go surfing alone this afternoon, Dad? No, you _. It is dangerous. A. dont B. cant C. neednt D. couldnt2. Will you stay for some more days? Sorry, I _. My parents want me to go back today. A. cant B. must C. neednt D. can 3. Can I go to the park with Susan, Mum? Certainly. But you _ be back by six oclock. A. can B. may C. might D. must4. May I put my bike here? No, you _. You should put it over there. A. couldnt B. neednt C. mustnt D. wont 5. Wheres Tim? Im not sure. He _ in the school library. A. maybe B. must be C. may be D. will be6. You made the same mistakes again. You _ be more careful next time.A. can B. may C. willD. should 7. I have my own room in my house, so I _ do what I want in it. A. can B. have to C. need to D. must8. The man in the office _ be Mr Black because he phoned me from London just now. A. mustntB. cant C. may not D. neednt 9. According to the air traffic rules, you _ turn off your mobile phone before boarding. A. could B. would C. should D. might 10. Good morning. Ive got an appointment with Dr Lee. Ah, good morning. You _ be Mrs Jones. A. might B. must C. would D. canHomework1. Review what you have learnt in this module.2. Write more advice for visitors to China.1. Preview the new vocabulary of Module 6, Unit 1.2. Search for some tips for a healthy life.
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