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2020学年人教版英语精品资料B卷能力素养提升(时间：120分钟满分：150分)第卷第一部分：听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。(Text 1)M: This cake is so delicious. Where did you buy it?W: I made it by myself. I got the recipe from my mother.1Who made the cake?AThe man.BThe woman.CThe woman's mother.(Text 2)M: When will Flight A391 leave?W: It leaves at 8：30, but you should check in half an hour ahead of time.2When should the man check in?AAt 8：30.BAt 8：00.CAt 7：30.(Text 3)W: What did Mr. Green do with his damaged car?M: He had it repaired. Look? It looks like a new one now.3What happened to Mr. Green's damaged car?AIt was sold.BIt was stolen.CIt was mended.(Text 4)M: Here is the hotel, Amber. Do you need any help?W: No, that's quite all right. Thanks a lot for the offer.M: Don't mention it. Tomorrow is Sunday. We can eat breakfast together first, and then go to my apartment.W: OK. See you tomorrow.4What day is it today?ASaturday.BSunday. CMonday.(Text 5)M: What a sunny day! Would you like to go to the lakeside with me?W: I wish I could join you, but I have so much work to do this morning.M: How about this afternoon?W: But then I'll be going out with Lily.5What is the man doing?AGiving advice.BAsking for help.CMaking an invitation.第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 (Text 6)M: You look tired. What's wrong, dear?W: Oh, nothing, Dad. Maybe I need more sleep.M: You've been working so hard these days.W: What else can I do? We'll be taking important exams, and everyone's working hard.M: Oh, honey, life is more than taking exams. You can't learn everything all at once.W: You are so kind to understand me, but I have to work harder, or I'll regret it later.M: That's OK, but you must get enough sleep also. And your mom and I will take better care of you.6What is the girl worrying about?AHer work.BHer exams. CHer health.7What does the man advise the woman to do?AWork harder. BDo some exercise.CHave enough sleep.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 (Text 7)M: Hi. I got two tickets to the French painting exhibition.W: You must be kidding. How did you get them?M: I went out at 3：00 in the morning and lined up. I was surprised there were already a lot of people ahead of me.W: You deserved to get the tickets.M: If you are free tomorrow, would you like to come with me?W: Wonderful! Thank you very much.M: Don't mention it. I know you're an art lover.8When is the man's ticket to the French painting exhibition?AToday. BTomorrow.CThe day after tomorrow.9What do we know about the man?AHe is an art lover.BHe got the ticket from his friend.CHe invites the woman to go with him.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 (Text 8)W: How did it go, Steven?M: We won.W: Great! What was the score? I'm guessing 31.M: No, 30.W: Your team must have played very well.M: Yes. Our boys ran faster and kicked harder even than their best player, Gary.W: Who scored the goals?M: A new player named Carl.W: Did he score all three?M: Yes. He's an excellent football player. He ran the fastest and kicked the hardest.W: Why didn't you score any goals?M: I hurt my ankle in the first half. I had to leave the field and watch.10What kind of game was it?AIt was a football game.BIt was a basketball game.CIt was a baseball game.11Who ran the fastest?AThe man.BGary. CCarl.12What do we know about the man?AHe's not a good player.BHis ankle was hurt in the game.CHe watched the whole game.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 (Text 9)M: Hello, International Friends Club. Can I help you?W: Oh, hello. I read about your club in the paper today, and I'd like to find out a bit more about it.M: Certainly. Well, we're a kind of social club for people from different countries. It's a new club. We have about 50 members now, but we are growing all the time.W: OK. I'm British actually, and I came here 3 months ago. I'm looking for easy ways to meet people. Uh, what kind of events do you organize?M: Well, we have social gettogethers and sports events, and we also have language evenings.W: Could you tell me something about the language evenings?M: Yes. Every day except Thursday we have a language evening. We have different languages on different evenings: Monday, Spanish; Tuesday, Italian; Wednesday, German; and Friday, French. On Thursday we usually have a meal in a restaurant for anyone who wants to come.W: Well, that sounds great. I really need to practice my French.13How many members does the International Friends Club have now?AAbout 50.BAbout 30. CAbout 15.14What activity does the club have on Thursday evenings?AA sports event.BA language class.CA gettogether meal.15What day's language evening should the woman go to?AFriday.BWednesday. CTuesday.16What do we know about the woman?AShe wants to find a job there.BShe has many friends there.CShe is new there.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 (Text 10)When I tell people that I paint the Golden Gate Bridge, they think I start at one end, paint to the other end, and then start again. But that's not true. We are always painting the bridge, but we have to go where the paint is in bad condition. It's a dangerous job. You have to be careful all the time. You can't work without safety equipment. And the weather gets cold up here. Sometimes it's so cold that there's ice on the bridge. You have to wear warm clothes. Sometimes it's windy and foggy. On foggy days, you can't see anything. The view from the top is the thing that I love about the job. On a sunny day like today, you can see from the ocean to the port and all the way to the mountains.17What's the weather like today?AIt's foggy.BIt's sunny. CIt's windy.18What does the man do?AHe is a painter.BHe is an engineer.CHe is a weatherman.19What does the man think of his job?AEasy.BTiring. CDangerous.20Why does the man love his job?ABecause he can stay in the mountains.BBecause he can enjoy the beautiful view.CBecause he can experience different weather.答案：15BBCAC610BCBCA1115CBACA1620CBACB第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AAnyone who has gardened will be familiar with insects.You may not know them by name, but you know that they can do a lot of damage to plants, sometimes destroying them completely.But not all insects are bad.There are many beneficial insects that can help to fight those planteating insects in your garden.You can attract beneficial insects to your garden by providing specific plants just for them.Beneficial insects are like teenage boys.If you feed them, they will keep coming back for more.There are a large variety of common plants and flowers that attract beneficial insects.Beneficial insects are not only attracted to plants which are infected with their insect prey, but they also tend to be selective about the plants on which they lay their eggs.Some of these plants may already be in your garden, and others are a worthy addition.Plants with umbrellashaped flowers are very attractive to a number of beneficial insects.Queen Anne's lace and dill are examples of plants that produce blooms with an umbrella shape.Green or brown lacewings and ladybugs will also appreciate the same umbrellashaped flowers.Lacewings prefer to lay their eggs in shady areas that are protected from the weather.They'll be happy to find some of their favourite plants in a quiet, protected corner of the garden.Lacewings lay eggs on their favorite host plants, with each tiny egg appearing on the end of a thin thread attached to a leaf.Learn to recognize the beneficial insects in your garden in both their adult and larval (幼虫的) stages so you don't neglectfully destroy these little garden helpers.Tachinid flies look like hairy house flies, and they lay their eggs on caterpillars (毛虫) that can do a lot of damage in a garden.Tachinid fly larvae will destroy corn earworms, cabbage worms and armyworms.语篇解读：我们可以吸引益虫到花园里来控制病虫害，本文主要介绍益虫偏好的植物类型。21What is mainly talked about in the text?AHow to protect beneficial insects.BHow to tell beneficial insects from harmful ones.CWhat kinds of plants beneficial insects like most.DWhat beneficial insects can do for us.解析：选C综合分析全文可知，本文主要介绍益虫偏好的植物类型。22We can attract beneficial insects by _.Agiving them food oftenBproviding proper plantsCgiving them money oftenDproviding harmful insects解析：选B从文章第一段倒数第三句可知，主要靠在花园里种植特定的植物来吸引益虫。23What kinds of plants do beneficial insects like most?APlants with umbrellashaped flowers.BPlants with a lot of leaves.CPlants with sweet smells.DPlants with a lot of flowers.解析：选A从文章第三段可知，益虫最喜欢开伞状花的植物。24Which of the following belong to beneficial insects?ATachinid flies.BCorn earworms.CCabbage worms.DArmyworms.解析：选A从文章第四段可知，寄生蝇的幼虫寄生在害虫体内，因此是益虫。BSalads of the future may still be served in bowls, but their ingredients (成分) might be grown in skyscrapers. That's the hope of scientists and architects who are setting up a unique plan to feed an increasing population on a planet with limited farmland.“In another 40 years, there'll be another three billion people. That's the problem，” said Dickson Despommier, a professor of public health at Colombia University.One solution is to grow everything from salad grains to main grains yearround in highrise buildings at the hearts of urban centers. This socalled vertical (垂直的) farming could put food within easy reach for billions of people while reducing carbon emissions (碳排放) from shipping crops across continents and oceans.“It is based on technologies already in use throughout the world, mainly hightech greenhouses，” Despommier said. For example, many existing greenhouses use hydroponics, a technique for growing crops in smaller spaces using water instead of soil. But for now highrise farming remains just an idea. One challenge is how to build the greenhouses so that layers of crops get enough light to be grown in a vertical structure. Despommier says that architects are already designing buildings to harvest the maximum amount of natural light. What's more, by using new energy sources such as hydrothermal power (热能) and wind power，these buildings don't necessarily have to look like skyscrapers. Another consideration is creating a vertical farm design that would be economically practical. Despommier said he was particularly interested in EcoLaboratory. It would be just 12 stories tall and would mix houses with gardens that produce food for the local neighborhood.“This was an attempt at something that seemed practical to a developer，” said project designer Myer Harrell. People might tend the crops，or they might assign the work to outside agricultural firms and later purchase the crops at a local market.Harrell believes breaking ground on Ecolaboratory or a similar small building could be probable within the next few years, as people become more interested in selfsufficiency (自足) such as growing their own food.语篇解读：本文介绍了垂直农业将成为未来解决粮食短缺问题的办法，并预测了它的前景。25According to Despommier，vertical farming can _.Aproduce crops with more nutrientsBprovide enough food for the world populationCreduce farmers' cost of growing cropsDbe helpful in slowing down global warming解析：选D细节理解题。从第二段最后一句可知，垂直农业的实施将有助于降低碳排放量，从而有利于减缓大气变暖。26What does Harrell think of EcoLaboratory?AExpensive.BWorkable.CFantastic.DDifficult.解析：选B推理判断题。从倒数第二段引述的Harrell的话尤其是“practical”以及最后一段第一句中的“probable”可推知，Harrell认为垂直农业是切实可行的，故选B。27All of the following are advantages of vertical farming EXCEPT that _.Ait creates yearround crop productionBit makes use of less farmlandsCit is far away from urban centersDit offers opportunities of selfsufficiency for citizens解析：选C细节理解题。由第二段倒数第二句和最后一段可知，A、B、D三项都属于垂直农业的优点。由文章第二段倒数第二句可知，垂直农业一般是位于市中心的高层建筑内，故C项表述错误。28Which of the following would be the best title of this passage?AVertical farming: the pride of architectsBSkyscrapers: the base of growing cropsCHighrise farms: the future of foodDGreenhouses：the promise of free carbon emissions解析：选C标题归纳题。本文主要介绍了垂直农业将成为未来解决粮食短缺问题的办法，并预测了它的前景，故C项最符合文章主旨。CWe often hear about how air pollution is changing earth temperatures. New evidence from a mountaintop in China now suggests that pollution can also change the amount of rain and snow falling in some places.Usually, more precipitation (降水量) falls in mountainous places than in flat areas upwind (逆风的) from the mountains.In recent years, however, many mountainous areas in the USA have been getting 25 percent less precipitation than normal. Mountains that are downwind of cities have experienced the biggest drops.Some British scientists have theorized that pollution moves from the cities into the mountains, affecting rainfall. To get answers, scientists from the Hebrew University of Jerusalem (耶路撒冷) turned to a mountain in China called Mount Hua. The mountain is 2,060 metres tall and lies about 120 kilometers east of the Chinese city of Xi'an. Since 1954, meteorologists (气象学家) have been collecting details about rainfall, humidity, and visibility (能见度) in the area.Scientists compared rainfall on Mount Hua with rainfall in the nearest city, Huayin, on days with varying levels of visibility using these_data. When the air was clear and people could see 20 km away, the scientists found that 65 percent more rain fell on the mountain than in the city. But when smoggy, allowing only 8 km of visibility through the haze (薄雾), the mountain received just 20 percent more rain than the city did. The new data support the theory.Some scientists believe that there are other explanations for the numbers. For example, some believe that naturally occurring particles (颗粒) in the air rather than particles produced by pollution are affecting visibility. This is the first study to observe a connection between rainfall and changes in visibility due to air pollution. However, more studies are needed to confirm the link.29The scientists carrying out the study on Mount Hua are most probably from _.AChinaBthe USACIsrael (以色列)DBritain解析：选C细节理解题。根据第三段中“from the Hebrew University of Jerusalem”可以判断这些科学家最有可能来自以色列。30In the third paragraph “these data” don't include the information about _.Athe population thereBthe amount of rainfallCthe humidityDthe visibility解析：选A细节理解题。根据上文所提到的“. collecting details about rainfall, humidity, and visibility in the area.”可以判断不包括A项。31From the last paragraph, we can learn that _.Ascientists haven't paid enough attention to weather changesBnot all scientists believe that there is a connection between visibility and rainfallCthe low visibility must be caused by the heavy air pollutionDair pollution may not be the only reason for the change of the visibility解析：选D推理判断题。注意B项的迷惑性，从最后一段可以看出科学家都已知道能见度和降雨量有关系，在这点上没有什么分歧；而对于能见度影响雨量的原因，他们的看法不同，一部分科学家认为是污染导致了能见度降低，而另一部分科学家认为有其他原因，比如说大气中自然存在的颗粒也会导致能见度的降低，由此判断正确答案为D。32What does the passage mainly talk about?AThe factors affecting the amount of rainfall.BThe effect of air pollution on earth temperatures.CA weather study carried out on a mountain in China.DAir pollution reducing precipitation.解析：选D推理判断题。文章第一段提出污染和降水量有关，接着开始写科学家用数据来证明能见度越低(即污染越严重)，降水量越小，可推出D正确。DJezz and Julian Wright have become an Internet hit. The devoted parents created their own children's programs and even built up their own channel.They believed popular programs, such as Power Rangers and In the Night Garden, were “numbing” their two young children's brains, so they decided to make their own.The creative couple were inspired to make films when Cillian was four and began asking questions about Christmas. They looked for programs to help explain, but found nothing suitable. Instead, they created a series of films based on characters called Jack and Holly best friends who learn educational value through their adventures. They proved so popular with their children and friends' children that the couple decided to continue. Mr Wright produces and writes the whole series of stories, which are designed for preschool children. Cillian performs the voice of Jack and Mrs Wright performs the voice of Holly, and their friend Graham Jones draws animation (动画制作). Later, they started their own online channel.The 70minute show can be viewed, only once it is started by parents. The couple believe this will get children to interact (互动) with their parents and discuss the show.Mr Wright said, “We're delighted at the success we have made. We are just fed up with the unnecessary nonsense that children's heads are filled with. We want to make something we feel happy about so that our son and daughter could happily sit down to watch them. Jack and Holly's Christmas Countdown fulfills educational material and traditional values.And it can also catch children's imagination. This is what we've aimed for.”The programs can be currently downloaded for free, but they also sell DVDs via their website . They set up a “shoestring budget” program, donating all the money they earn from selling the DVDs to children's hospices across the UK.语篇解读：Wright夫妇自编自导了适合孩子看的动画节目Jack and Holly's Christmas Countdown，他们甚至还在网上开设了自己的频道。33Cillian was likely to be the name of _.Aa character in a cartoonBa famous actorCJezz' s friendDa child of Jezz's解析：选D推理判断题。根据上下文可知当Cillian 4岁的时候，询问父母关于圣诞节的事情，在Wright夫妇搜寻可以帮助解答孩子问题的节目无果后，Mr Wright才决定为孩子们创办适合他们的节目。因此可推断出Cillian应该是Wright夫妇的孩子。34Jack and Holly's Christmas Countdown _.Ais filled with educational material and traditional valuesBis very suitable for the adults to watchCis written and performed by Julian WrightDis popular with people of all the ages解析：选A细节理解题。由文章倒数第二段倒数第二句“Jack and Holly's Christmas Countdown fulfills educational material and traditional values.”可知，Mr Wright自制的节目Jack and Holly's Christmas Countdown富含教育意义和传统价值观。35Which of the following is TRUE, according to the passage?AMr Wright would like his children to watch cartoons.BPeople can download Mr Wright's programs and get DVDs for free.CFewer and fewer people care about Christmas.DMr Wright's programs get children to communicate more with parents.解析：选D细节理解题。由文章倒数第二段第一句“The 70minute show can be viewed, only once it is started by parents.The couple believe this will get children to interact (互动) with their parents and discuss the show.”可知，Mr Wright的自制节目有利于孩子和父母间的互动和交流。第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。How do you enter a room full of strangers? Do you walk right in full of confidence? Or do you try to slip in without being noticed? _36_ In life, we admire those who do their tasks confidently. We prefer people who appear to know what they are doing. But where does that confidence begin?Developing selfconfidence starts very early. It's parents' role to get kids on the right track toward becoming confident people. _37_ That can be done by focusing on the child's strengths. Parents should encourage their children to try new things and take risks. When children make mistakes, their parents should still let them know that they are loved. Children whose parents do these things will likely develop into confident adults. _38_ So what's the solution?With most things in life, practice makes perfect, and that is true of confidence skills._39_Always hold your head high and look people in the eye. Answer questions clearly and confidently. Focus on the things that you do well, and look for opportunities to use those abilities.
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