自考本科 英语 Bronte sisters in the literary history 毕业论文范文

湖南大学高等教育自学考试毕业论文Bronte sisters in the literary history 毕业学校：湖南大学 办学单位：湖南大学自考办学 生：钟 X X 指导老师：熊老师 提交日期：2015年9月30日湖南大学高等成人教育考试二一五年六月附表4 湖南大学高等成人教育考试毕业设计（论文）任务书办学单位湖南大学公开学院指导教师姓 名熊老师学生姓名钟XX专业技术职 务正高副高中级毕业设计（论文）题目Bronte sisters in the literary history课题来源ABCD毕业设计（论文）目的及成果要求This paper helps people know more about Bronte Sister on literary. It include four part .It expound Bronte Sisters legendary life.毕业设计（论文）内容及要求This article mainly introduced Bronte Sisters who made great contributions to literary history. Introduce their lives , works and Impression after reading. 主要参考文献（1） The history of foreign literature外国文学史Zhejiang University Press 浙江大学出版社（2） Jane Eyre 简爱 Charlotte Bronte （夏洛蒂勃朗特 著）The peoples Literature Publishing House 人民文学出版社（3） Wuthering Heights 呼啸山庄 Emily Bronte(艾米莉勃朗特 著) Shanghai Translation Publishing House 上海译文出版社（4） Agnes Greyy 艾格尼丝格雷 （安妮勃朗特 著） Chongqing University Press 重庆出版社（5） （6） 百度百科工作进度安排1. Make the content(3 days )2. Writing the draft（1 month）3. Correcting the draft(3 weeks)4.Finishing the essay(3 weeks)本任务书于2012年 7 月 10 日发出，毕业设计（论文）应于2012年 9 月 30 日前完成，由指导老师审阅与评阅老师评阅后，提交毕业设计（论文30）答辩小组进行答辩。指导教师 熊老师 签发 2012 年 9 月 30日毕业设计（论文）指导小组组长 审核 年 月 日注：1毕业设计（论文）任务书由指导教师填写，由指导教师签发，经毕业设计（论文）指导小组组长审核后生效。2“课题来源”一栏：A指导教师的科研课题；B指导教师收集的科研和生产实际中的课题；C学生在科学活动和工程实践中自立的课题；D自拟课题。在表中相应栏内打“”。 湖南大学自考办制表 附表5 湖南大学高等教育自学考试毕业设计（论文）水平指导教师审阅评语书毕业设计（论文）题目Comparative analysis of video software学生姓名钟XX专业英语年级10级平时成绩（百分制）70质量成绩（百分制）65指导教师姓名熊老师职称副教授办学单位在整个毕业论文撰写过程中，该同学能在老师的严格要求下顺利完成论文的撰写,并主动与老师沟通中遇到的各种问题及写作进程。论文题目与论文的内容基本相符，结构完整，条理清晰，基本上没有大的语法错误。从内容上看，结构丰满，论述比较充分，论据与论点切题，作者有自己独特的感受和观点。但仍存在问题的是少数论点不够深刻和全面.总体而言，这是一篇合格的论文，同意答辩！指导教师签名 熊老师 2015 年 9 月 30 日 注：平时成绩评定依据：1、出勤、纪律、协作精神；2、独立工作能力；3、工作勤奋及刻苦精神；4、独立思考与主动性；5、外文资料翻译情况（本科）。 AbstractThe Bronts were a nineteenth-century literary family associated with the village of Haworth in the West Riding of Yorkshire, England. The sisters, Charlotte (born 21April 1816), Emily (born 30 July 1818), and Anne (born 17 January 1820), are well known as poets and novelists. They originally published their poems and novels under masculine pseudonyms, following the custom of the times practised by female writers. Their stories immediately attracted attention, although not always the best, for their passion and originality. Charlottes Jane Eyre was the first to know success, while Emilys Wuthering Heights, Annes The Tenant of Wildfell Hall and other works were later to be accepted as masterpieces of literature.Key words: Bronte Sister, novel, literature摘要布朗蒂，是19世纪，来自英格兰约克郡布拉福德的西北部的小村庄的一个著名的文学世家。其中的三姐妹夏洛蒂，艾米莉，安妮是以她们的诗作最为著名。她们根据当时的传统惯例，她们以男性笔名的身份出版了诗集和小说。她们的故事很有吸引力，即使不是最好的，但很有他们的激情和创造力。简爱是夏洛蒂最为著名的作品，而之后艾米莉的呼啸山庄，安妮的女房客和之后的其他的一些作品被当做世界文学史上不可多得的著作。关键词：布朗蒂，小说，文学ContentsAbstract4摘要5Introduction7Chapter1 Brief introduction of Bronte Sisters81.1Charlotte Bronte81.2Emily Bronte101.3Anne Bronte13Chapter 2 . main works of Bronte Sisters172.1Jane Eyre172.2Wuthering Heights232.3Agnes Grey29Chapter 3 Bronte Sisters on the influence of world literature323.1Charlotte Bronte323.2Emily Bronte323.3Anne Bronte33Chapter 4 Impression after reading354.1The Independent Spirit Jane Eyre354.2Love and revengeWuthering heights354.3 With the reality of the struggleAgnes Grey36Chapter 5 conclusion.38Referece40Acknowledgement41IntoductionJane Eyre is aBronte Sisters are make known to every family. Charlotte Brontes Jane Eyre is on the independent character of female narrative. Emily Brontes Wuthering Heights is on the extreme love and personality description. To these fictional worlds were the product of fertile imagination fed by reading, discussion, and a passion for literature. Far from suffering from the negative influences that never left them and which were reflected in the works of their later, more mature years, the Bront Sisters absorbed them with open arms .To most people impressive lonely mood is Anne Brontes Agnes Greyy.In conclusion ,they are all talented.In my paper here ,there will have four chapters to my view my point :Chapter one describe Brief introduction of Bronte Sisters. Chapter two present main works of Bronte Sisters, such as Jane Eyre, Wuthering Heights. Chapter three is that Bronte Sisters on the influence of world literature. Chapter four is the conclusion.Chpter1 Brief introduction of Bronte Sisters 1.1Charlotte BronteCharlotte Bronte (21 April 1816 31 March 1855) was an English novelist and poet, the eldest of the three Bront sisters who survived into adulthood, whose novels are English literature standards. She wrote Jane Eyre under the pen name Currer Bell.1.1.1 Early life and educationCharlotte was born in Thornton, Yorkshire in 1816, the third of six children, to Maria (ne Branwell) and her husband Patrick Bront (formerly surnamed Brunty or Prunty), an Irish Anglican clergyman. In 1820, the family moved a few miles to the village of Haworth, where Patrick had been appointed Perpetual Curate of St Michael and All Angels Church. Charlottes mother died of cancer on 15 September 1821, leaving five daughters and a son to be taken care of by her sister Elizabeth Branwell.In August 1824, Charlotte was sent with three of her sisters, Emily, Maria, and Elizabeth, to the Clergy Daughters School at Cowan Bridge in Lancashire (She used the school as the basis for Lowood School in Jane Eyre). The schools poor conditions, Charlotte maintained, permanently affected her health and physical development and hastened the deaths of her two elder sisters, Maria (born 1814) and Elizabeth (born 1815), who died of tuberculosis in June 1825. Soon after their deaths, her father removed Charlotte and Emily from the school. At home in Haworth Parsonage Charlotte acted as the motherly friend and guardian of her younger sisters. She and her surviving siblings Branwell, Emily, and Anne created their own literary fictional worlds, and began chronicling the lives and struggles of the inhabitants of these imaginary kingdoms. Charlotte and Branwell wrote Byronic stories about their imagined country, Angria, and Emily and Anne wrote articles and poems about Gondal. The sagas they created were elaborate and convoluted (and still exist in partial manuscripts) and provided them with an obsessive interest during childhood and early adolescence, which prepared them for their literary vocations in adulthood. Charlotte continued her education at Roe Head in Mirfield, from 1831 to 1832, where she met her lifelong friends and correspondents, Ellen Nussey and Mary Taylor.1 Shortly after she wrote the novella The Green Dwarf (1833) using the name Wellesley. Charlotte returned to Roe Head as a teacher from 1835 to 1838. In 1839, she took up the first of many positions as governess to families in Yorkshire, a career she pursued until 1841. Politically a Tory, she preached tolerance rather than revolution. She held high moral principles, and, despite her shyness in company, was always prepared to argue her beliefs.BrusselsIn 1842 Charlotte and Emily travelled to Brussels to enrol in a boarding school run by Constantin Heger (180996) and his wife Claire Zo Parent Heger (180487). In return for board and tuition, Charlotte taught English and Emily taught music. Their time at the boarding school was cut short when Elizabeth Branwell, their aunt who joined the family after the death of their mother to look after the children, died of internal obstruction in October 1842. Charlotte returned alone to Brussels in January 1843 to take up a teaching post at the school. Her second stay was not a happy one; she became lonely, homesick and deeply attached to Constantin Heger. She returned to Haworth in January 1844 and used her time at the boarding school as the inspiration for some experiences in The Professor and Villette.1.1.2 NovelsJane Eyre, published 1847Shirley, published in 1849Villette, published in 1853The Professor, written before Jane Eyre, submitted at first along with Wuthering Heights and Agnes Grey, then separately, and rejected in either form by many publishing houses, published posthumously in 1857Emma, unfinished; Charlotte Bront wrote only 20 pages of the manuscript, published posthumously in 1860. In recent decades, at least two continuations of this fragment have appeared:Emma, by Charlotte Bront and Another Lady, published 1980; although this has been attributed to Elizabeth Goudge, the actual author was Constance Savery. Emma Brown, by Clare Boylan, published 2003PoetryPoems by Currer, Ellis, and Acton Bell (1846)Selected Poems of The Bronts, Everyman Poetry (1997)1.1.3 Illness and subsequent deathIn June 1854, Charlotte married Arthur Bell Nicholls, her fathers curate and possibly the model for Jane Eyres St. John Rivers. She became pregnant soon after the marriage. Her health declined rapidly during this time, and according to Gaskell, she was attacked by sensations of perpetual nausea and ever-recurring faintness. Charlotte died, with her unborn child, on 31 March 1855, at the age of 38. Her death certificate gives the cause of death as phthisis (tuberculosis), but many biographers suggest she may have died from dehydration and malnourishment, caused by excessive vomiting from severe morning sickness or hyperemesis gravidarum. There is evidence to suggest that Charlotte died from typhus she may have caught from Tabitha Ackroyd, the Bront households oldest servant, who died shortly before her. Charlotte was interred in the family vault in the Church of St Michael and All Angels at Haworth.Posthumously, her first-written novel was published in 1857. The fragment she worked on in her last years in 1860 has been twice completed by recent authors, the more famous version being Emma Brown: A Novel from the Unfinished Manuscript by Charlotte Bront by Clare Boylan in 2003. Much Angria material has appeared in published form since the authors death.1.2 Emily BrontEmily Jane Bront (30 July 1818 19 December 1848) was an English novelist and poet, best remembered for her solitary novel, Wuthering Heights, now considered a classic of English literature. Emily was the third eldest of the four surviving Bront siblings, between the youngest Anne and her brother Branwell. She published under the pen name Ellis Bell.Emily Bront was born on 30 July 1818 in Thornton, near Bradford in Yorkshire, to Maria Branwell and Patrick Bront. She was the younger sister of Charlotte Bront and the fifth of six children. In 1824, the family moved to Haworth, where Emilys father was perpetual curate, and it was in these surroundings that their literary gifts flourished.1.2.1 Early life and educationAfter the death of their mother in 1821, when Emily was three years old,3 the older sisters Maria, Elizabeth and Charlotte were sent to the Clergy Daughters School at Cowan Bridge, where they encountered abuse and privations later described by Charlotte in Jane Eyre. Emily joined the school for a brief period. When a typhus epidemic swept the school, Maria and Elizabeth caught it. Maria, who may actually have had tuberculosis, was sent home, where she died. Emily was subsequently removed from the school along with Charlotte and Elizabeth. Elizabeth died soon after their return home.The three remaining sisters and their brother Patrick Branwell were thereafter educated at home by their father and aunt Elizabeth Branwell, their mothers sister. In their leisure time the children created a number of fantasy worlds, which were featured in stories they wrote and enacted about the imaginary adventures of their toy soldiers along with the Duke of Wellington and his sons, Charles and Arthur Wellesley. Little of Emilys work from this period survives, except for poems spoken by characters (The Bronts Web of Childhood, Fannie Ratchford, 1941).4 When Emily was 13, she and Anne withdrew from participation in the Angria story and began a new one about Gondal, a large island in the North Pacific. With the exception of Emilys Gondal poems and Annes lists of Gondals characters and place-names, their writings on Gondal were not preserved. Some diary papers of Emilys have survived in which she describes current events in Gondal, some of which were written, others enacted with Anne. One dates from 1841, when Emily was twenty-three: another from 1845, when she was twenty-seven. At seventeen, Emily attended the Roe Head girls school, where Charlotte was a teacher, but managed to stay only three months before being overcome by extreme homesickness. She returned home and Anne took her place.6 At this time, the girls objective was to obtain sufficient education to open a small school of their own.1.2.2 AdulthoodEmily became a teacher at Law Hill School in Halifax beginning in September 1838, when she was twenty. Her health broke under the stress of the 17-hour work day and she returned home in April 1839. Thereafter she became the stay-at-home daughter, doing most of the cooking and cleaning and teaching Sunday school. She taught herself German out of books and practised piano.Constantin Heger, teacher of Charlotte and Emily during their stay in Brussels, on a daguerreotype dated from circa 1865.Plaque in BrusselsIn 1842, Emily accompanied Charlotte to Brussels, Belgium, where they attended a girls academy run by Constantin Heger. They planned to perfect their French and German in anticipation of opening their school. Nine of Emilys French essays survive from this period. The sisters returned home upon the death of their aunt. They did try to open a school at their home, but were unable to attract students to the remote area.In 1844, Emily began going through all the poems she had written, recopying them neatly into two notebooks. One was labelled Gondal Poems; the other was unlabelled. Scholars such as Fannie Ratchford and Derek Roper have attempted to piece together a Gondal storyline and chronology from these poems. In the autumn of 1845, Charlotte discovered the notebooks and insisted that the poems be published. Emily, furious at the invasion of her privacy, at first refused, but relented when Anne brought out her own manuscripts and revealed she had been writing poems in secret as well.In 1846, the sisters poems were published in one volume as Poems by Currer, Ellis, and Acton Bell. The Bront sisters had adopted pseudonyms for publication: Charlotte was Currer Bell, Emily was Ellis Bell and Anne was Acton Bell. Charlotte wrote in the Biographical Notice of Ellis and Acton Bell that their ambiguous choice was dictated by a sort of conscientious scruple at assuming Christian names positively masculine, while we did not like to declare ourselves women, because. we had a vague impression that authoresses are liable to be looked on with prejudice. Charlotte contributed 20 poems, and Emily and Anne each contributed 21. Although the sisters were told several months after publication that only two copies had sold, they were not discouraged. The Athenaeum reviewer praised Ellis Bells work for its music and power, and the Critic reviewer recognized the presence of more genius than it was supposed this utilitarian age had devoted to the loftier exercises of the intellect.1.2.3 DeathEmilys health, like her sisters, had been weakened by unsanitary conditions at home, the source of water being contaminated by runoff from the churchs graveyard. She became sick during her brothers funeral in September 1848. Though her condition worsened steadily, she rejected medical help and all proffered remedies, saying that she would have no poisoning doctor near her. She eventually died of tuberculosis, on 19 December 1848 at around two in the afternoon. She was interred in the Church of St. Michael and All Angels family vault, Haworth, West Yorkshire.1.3 Anne BronteAnne Bronte (17 January 1820 28 May 1849) was a British novelist and poet, the youngest member of the Bront literary family.The daughter of a poor Irish clergyman in the Church of England, Anne Bronte lived most of her life with her family at the parish of Haworth on the Yorkshire moors. For a couple of years she went to a boarding school. At the age of nineteen, she left Haworth working as a governess between 1839 and 1845. After leaving her teaching position, she fulfilled her literary ambitions. She wrote a volume of poetry with her sisters (Poems by Currer, Ellis, and Acton Bell, 1846) and in short succession she wrote two novels. Agnes Grey, based upon her experiences as a governess, was published in 1847. Her second and last novel, The Tenant of Wildfell Hall, which is mainly considered to be one of the first sustained feminist novels, appeared in 1848. Annes life was cut short with her death of pulmonary tuberculosis when she was 29years old.Mainly because the republication of The Tenant of Wildfell Hall was prevented by Charlotte Bront after its authors death, Anne is less known than her sisters, Charlotte, author of four novels including Jane Eyre; and Emily, author of Wuthering Heights. Annes two novels, written in a sharp and ironic style, are completely different from the romanticism followed by her sisters. She wrote in a realistic, rather than a romantic style. Her novels, like those of her sisters, have become classics of English literature1.3.1 Early lifeAnne, the youngest member of the Bront children, was born on 17 January 1820, at 74 Market Street in Thornton where her father was curate and she was baptised there on 25 March 1820. Shortly after, Annes father was appointed to the perpetual curacy in Haworth, a small town seven miles (11km) away. In April 1820, the Bronts moved into Haworth Parsonage, a five-room building which became their home for the rest of their lives.Anne was barely a year old when her mother became ill of what is believed to have been uterine cancer. Maria Branwell died on 15 September 1821. In order to provide a mother for his children, Patrick tried to remarry, but he had no success. Marias sister, Elizabeth Branwell (17761842), moved to the parsonage, initially to nurse her dying sister, but she subsequently spent the rest of her life there raising the children. She did it from a sense of duty, but she was a stern woman who expected respect, rather than love. There was little affection between her and the eldest children, but she related to Anne, her favourite according to tradition. Anne shared a room with her aunt, they were close which may have influenced Annes personality and religious beliefs. In Elizabeth Gaskells biography, Annes father remembered her as precocious, reporting that once, when she was four years old, in reply to his question about what a child most wanted, she answered: age and experience.In summer 1824, Patrick sent his eldest daughters Maria, Elizabeth, Charlotte and Emily to Crofton Hall in Crofton, West Yorkshire, and later to the Clergy Daughters School at Cowan Bridge in Lancashire. When his two eldest daughters died of consumption in 1825, Maria on 6 May and Elizabeth on 15 June, Charlotte and Emily were immediately brought home. The unexpected deaths distressed the family so much