资源描述
仁爱版英语 Unit 5Date: / / Unit 5 Knowing about ChinaUnit 5Topic 1 How much do you know about China?WordsAdj: fantastic, romantic, various, unique, thick, mild, neckAdj&noun. flat,N: province, tale, scenery, motherland, island, enemy, roof, cave, sunshine, wheat, flour, plain, license, giraffeVerb. attract, fetch, introduce, surround, freeze, Prep. & adv. belowPhrases a great number of, lie in, hear of, tourist attraction, sothat, connectwith, be known as, gambling house, PC= personal computer, break down, have a lot of fun, be worth doing sty, be surrounded by, Leafing Pagoda, Broken Bridge, Sudi Causeway, Dragon Well Tea. be famous for, serve as, the Pearl of the Orient, Shopping Heaven, regardas, Gambling City, go on a visit to, Maze Temple, Ruins of St. Paul, Sun Moon Lake，Mount Ali，be different from, at the same time ,be covered with, by land, by water,Sentences1. How much do you know about China?2. Just a little.3. China is a great a country that has about 5000 years of history.4. There are many places of interest which attract millions of tourists from all over the world every year.5. Is that so?6. Among the rivers, the Changjiang River is the longest one and the second longest is the Huanghe River. 7. They are the birthplaces of Chinese culture.8. Anything else?9. Sorry, I dont know much.10. If you want to learn more, I can fetch you Guide to China.11. Its a book which introduces China in detail.12. Have you ever been there before? Yes, I have./ No, I havent.13. Potala Palace and Jokhang Temple made us surprised and excited.14. What a surprise!15. You know, the Qinghai- Tibet Plateau is more than 4000 meters above sea level.16. Have you ever been to West Lake? If not, you must find a chance to go there.17. Dont miss them!18. They are well worth visiting.19. it seemed that we experienced four seasons in a day.DevelopmentOr AdviceGrammar：一. since用法小结 （1）Since作为介词，后接某一确定的时间点，主句谓语动词是持续性动词，常与现在完成时态、现在完成进行时态或过去完成时态连用。例如： 1、He left the village in 1982 and I havent seen him since then.1982年他离开这个村子，从那以后我再没见过他。 2、Shes been working in a bank since leaving school.她中学毕业后就一直在一家银行工作。 3.He had spoken to her only once since the party. 自从那次聚会以来，他只跟她说过一次话。 （2）Since作为副词，表示从过去以来、以后或到现在的情形或状态，常与现在完成时态连用。例如： 1He left home two weeks ago and we havent heard from him since. 他两周前离开了家，到现在我们一直没有他的消息。 2He came to Zhenjiang 6 years ago and has lived here (ever) since.他6年前来到镇江，从此便住在这里。 （3）since引导原因状语从句 作为连词，since可引导原因状语从句，表示因为；既然；鉴于：例如： 1 He didnt come since he was busy.他因为忙，所以没有来。 2 Since this method doesnt work, lets try another.既然这种方法不行，我们就试用另一种吧。 （4）Since引导时间状语从句 1若since引导的状语从句的谓语是终止性动词的过去时，则从句表示的时间是“从动作开始的那一时刻起”。例如： He has studied very hard since he came to our school.自从他来到我们学校，他学习就非常努力。 We have been missing them since they left here自从他们离开这里，我们就一直很想念他们。 2若since引导的状语从句的谓语动词是持续性动词或表示状态动词的过去时时，则从句表示的时间是“从动作或状态结束时算起”。例如： I havent heard any noise since I slept. Sleep 为持续性动词，sleep的动作结束时，即“醒来”时，所以这句应译为“我醒后还未听到任何声音”。 3若since引导的状语从句的谓语为持续性动词的现在完成时，则表示动作和状态延续到现在（说话时刻），其表示的时间的起点应从动作发生之时算起。例如：I havent heard from him since he has lived there。 这里has lived表示动作的持续性，时间的起点应从：“开始居住”时算起。因此此句可理解为“自从他（开始）住在那儿起，我就一直没收到他的来信”。 （5）Since在特殊句型中的应用 句型I：“It is （has been）+时间+since+持续性动词的过去时”，表示“自从以来到现在已有多久。”例如： It has been quite some time since I was last in London.我上次离开伦敦至今颇有一段时间了。句型II：“It was+时间+since+持续性动词的过去完成时”,表示“从到过去某时间点以来”，例如：It was three years since we had been here.那时我们在这已呆了三年。二. 感叹句：What a beautiful place!感叹句是表达喜、怒、哀、乐以及惊奇、惊讶等强烈感情的句子。感叹句通常由 what 或 how 引导。现分述如下：（1）、由 what 引导的感叹句，其句子结构可分为以下三种：1. 可用句型：“ What + a/an 形容词可数名词单数主语谓语！”。如： What a nice present it is! 它是一件多么好的礼物啊！What an interesting book it is! 它是一本多么有趣的书啊！2. 可用句型：“ What 形容词可数名词复数主语谓语！”。如： What beautiful flowers they are! 多么漂亮的花啊！What good children they are! 他们是多么好的孩子啊！3. 可用句型：“ What 形容词不可数名词主语谓语！”。如： What fine weather it is today! 今天天气多好啊！What important news it is! 多重要的新闻啊！（2）、由 how 引导的感叹句，其句子结构也分为三种：1. 可用句型：“ How 形容词 / 副词主语谓语！”。如： How careful she is! 她多么细心啊！How fast he runs! 他跑得多快啊！2. 可用句型：“ How 形容词 a/an 可数名词单数主语谓语！”。如： How beautiful a girl she is! 她是个多么漂亮的姑娘啊！3. 可用句型：“ How 主语谓语！”。如： How time flies! 光阴似箭！由 what 引导的感叹句与由 how 引导的感叹句有时可以转换，但句中部分单词的顺序要有所变化。如： How beautiful a girl she is! What a beautiful girl she is!What delicious cakes these are! How delicious these cakes are!（3）、有时感叹句也可以由一个单词、词组、祈使句、陈述句等构成。如： Good idea! （好主意！） Wonderful! （太精彩了！） Thank goodness! （谢天谢地！）三. 强调句：Its Mount Tai that/ which lies in Shandong Province.基本语法 强调句是一种修辞，是人们为了表达自己的意愿或情感而使用的一种形式。1. 与主语从句的比较 2. 与定语从句的比较 3. 与状语从句的比较基本定义强调句(The Emphatic Pattern)是一种修辞，是人们为了表达自己的意愿或情感而使用的一种形式。通过各种方式对句子中的某个部分进行强调，从而起到修辞的作用。 英语常用的强调结构是"It is (was)+被强调部分(主语、宾语或状语)+who (that)."。一般说来,被强调部分指人时,用who;指事物时用that,但that也可以指人。在美国英语中指事物时常用which来代替that。 常用句型1. 陈述句的强调句型 It is/ was + 被强调部分（通常是主语、宾语或状语）+ that/ who（当强调主语且主语指人）+ 其他部分。 例子 It was yesterday that he met Li Ping. 2. 一般疑问句的强调句型 同上，只是把is/ was提到it前面。 例子 Was it yesterday that he met Li Ping? 3. 特殊疑问句的强调句型 被强调部分（通常是疑问代词或疑问副词）+ is/ was + it + that/ who + 其他部分？ 例子 When and where was it that you were born? 4.not until 句型的强调句 A. 句型为：It is/ was not until + 被强调部分 + that + 其他部分 普通句：He didn't go to bed until/ till his wife came back. 强调句：It was not until his wife came back that he went to bed. B. 注意： 此句型只用until，不用till。但如果不是强调句型，till, until可通用；因为句型中It is/ was not . 已经是否定句了，that后面的从句要用肯定句，切勿再用否定句了。 5.谓语动词的强调 A. It is/ was . that . 结构不能强调谓语，如果需要强调谓语时，用助动词do/ does或did Do sit down. 务必请坐。 Do be careful when you cross the street. 过马路时，务必（千万）要小心啊！ B. 注意： 此种强调只用do/ does和did，没有别的形式；过去时用did，后面的谓语动词用原形。 强调形式常见到的强调形式，共有以下七类： 用dodoesdid + V可表强调 Some people do believe that nuclear power poses a threat to the world peace. adv或adj可表强调：Never only Very This is the very question that deserves careful analysis. 双重否定可表强调 Taking part-time jobs is never without drawbacks. what引导的主从可表强调 What really matters is cooperation. 倒装可表强调(凡是倒装都可以表示强调) Little do people take into account the seriousness of this problem. 比较状语从句可表强调 Nothing is more imperative than to learn from the past. 强调句型可表强调 It is was +被强调部份+ that who +原句剩余部份 It is stability that destroys peoples ambition and barricades peoples steps. 语法结构强调句的十种结构： 1用助动词“do（does/did）+动词原形”来表示强调： Do write to me when you get there你到那儿后务必给我来信。 2用形容词very，only，single，such等修饰名词或形容词来加强语气： How dare you buy such expensive jewels？你怎么敢买这么贵的宝石呢？ 3用ever，never，very，just等副词和badly，highly，really等带有l y的副词来进行强调： I really dont know what to do next我的确不知道下一步该怎么做。 4用in the world，on earth，at all等介词短语可以表达更强的语气（常用于疑问句）： Where in the world could he be？他到底会在哪儿？ 5用感叹句来表示强烈的感情，突出说话人的情感： How interesting a story it is！这是一个多么有趣的故事啊！ 6用重复来表示强调： Why！why！The cage is empty！啊！啊！箱子是空的。 7用倒装句（也就是将要强调的句子或被强调的部分置于句首）来加强语气： On the table were some flowers桌上摆着一些花。（强调地点） 8用强调句型：“It is（was）+被强调的部分+that（who）+原句其它部分”来强调说话人的意愿： It was on Monday night that all this happened所有这一切发生在周一晚上。 9用If来表示强调： 1）If从句+I dont know who/what，etcdoes/is/has，etc 主语部分也可以用nobody does/is/has，etc或everybody does/is/has，et c来代替（这里的if从句往往是正话反说，反话正说）： If he cant do it，I dont know who can要是他做不了这件事，我不知道还有谁能做。（强调只有他能做） If Jim is a coward，everybody is要是吉姆是个胆小鬼，那么人人都是胆小鬼。（强调吉姆不是胆小鬼） 2）if从句+it be主句（此用法可看成是第8中强调句型的变形，即把所要强调的内容放在it be的后面，把其它内容放在由if引导的从句中）： If anyone knew the truth，it was Tom如果说谁了解事实的真相，那便是汤姆。 10用破折号、黑体字也可以表示强调，加强语气： Its because of hard workten years of hard work那是因为艰苦的工作-十年艰苦的工作！ He began the work in late May他在五月底开始的这项工作。（强调时间） 注意事项that后的强调句如果是原因状语从句，从句只能用because引导，不能用since，as或why。 四、Practice: How to introduce a famous interest of China.Which mountainWhereMount TaiShandong ProvinceMoun Hua Shaanxi ProvinceMount HengShanxi ProvinceMount HengHunan ProvinceMount SongHenan ProvinceLocation: north, south, east, westSuppose you are a guide. How will you introduce West Lake to tourists?例文见课本 第四页 West Lake。(可作为作文例文) InformationPlaceKnown asPlace of interestHong KongMacaoTaiwan见 第五页。五、反义疑问句:反义疑问句(The Disjunctive Question) 即附加疑问句。它表示提问人的看法,没有把握,需要对方证实。 反义疑问句由两部分组成：前一部分是一个陈述句，后一部分是一个简短的疑问句，两部分的人称时态应保持一致。句型解释 1陈述部分肯定式+疑问部分否定式 可记为 前肯后否定. 2陈述部分否定式+疑问部分肯定式 可记为 前否后肯定. They work hard, dont they? 句子类型：一种是反义的附加疑问句，一种是非反义的附加疑问句。 读法规则附加疑问句陈述部分用降调，问句部分可升可降。提问者对陈述部分把握较大时，问句部分用降调；反之用升调。 速记方法前肯后否，前否后肯，前be后be，前无be后助,时态一致。 主语一般词语附加疑问句中主语用和主句一致的主语，用主格。 附加疑问句随从句。 不定代词当陈述部分的主语时 ( 1 )用one时，后面的疑问句可用one/he. (2)everything,anything,nothing,something时， 附加疑问句中主语用it 不用 they （3）this,that,或those,these时，附加疑问句中主语用it或they. （4）everyone，everybody，someone，somebody，anyone，nobody等，附加疑问句中主语一般用he（书面语）/they（口头语）. (5)不定式，动名词，其他短语，附加疑问句中主语一般用it。 （6）在there be句型中，附加疑问句中主语一般用be/情态动词/助动词+there。 特殊句型否定意义的词否定意义的词 (1)当陈述部分有never，seldom, hardly，few，little，barely, scarcely, nothing，none,rarely 等否定意义的词汇时，后面的反意疑问句则为肯定形式： There are few apples in the basket, are there? He can hardly swim, can he? They seldom come late, do they? (2)当陈述部分含有否定意思的词是unhappy,dislike,unfriendly,nothing等含有否定词缀的派生词，也就是有un,dis,no-前缀、less-后缀等含有词缀而意思否定的词，当做肯定句处理，疑问部分要用否定形式。如： He looks unhappy,doesn'the?他看上去不高兴，不是吗？ The girl dislikes history,doesn'tshe?这女孩不喜欢历史，不是吗？有less,fewer等词视为肯定词，疑问部分用否定形式。如：There will be less pollution, won't there? 表示主语主观意愿的词含有think, believe, suppose, imagine, expect等动词后接宾语从句构成的主从复合句在构成反意疑问句时，视情况不同有两种不同的构成方式。 (1)当主句的主语为第一人称时，其后的简短问句应与从句相一致。例如： I expectour English teacher will be back this weekend, won't she/he? We supposeyou have finished the project, haven't you? 值得注意的是，当这些动词后接的宾语从句的否定转移到主句时，其仍属否定句，故其后的简短问句应用肯定式，而非否定式。例如： I don't believe that he can translate this book, can he? We don't imagine the twins have arrived, have they? 此类句子的回答同"前否后肯"型反意疑问句一样，如上述后一个句子，若双胞胎已经到了，则回答为"Yes, they have."；若尚未到达，使用"No, they haven't."。 (2)当主句的主语为第二、三人称时，其后的简短问句则应与主句相一致（此时，否定只看主句，与从句无关）。例如： Your sister supposes she needs no help, doesn't she? You thought they could have completed the project, didn't you? They don't believe she's an engineer, do they? She doesn't expect that we are coming so soon, does she? (3)但如果主句的时态是过去时等等，疑问句应和主句的人称时态保持一致。 had better或have陈述部分有had better,或其中的have表示完成时态时，疑问句应用hadnt等开头： Youd better get up early, hadnt you? 其他情况句中有have时疑问句应用don't等开头 如have表示“有”的时候，有两种形式：（have 表示有 可用do或 have来改写） -He has two sisters,doesn't he? =He has two sisters,hasn't he? -He doesn't have any sisters,doeshe? 祈使句当陈述部分是祈使句时，疑问句要根据语气来表达，分三种情况： 1）一般情况下用will you 或 won't you。 Give me a hand,will you? Leave all the things as they are,won't you? 2)以Let's开头的祈使句，前肯后可肯可否，前否后只用will you，疑问句必须用shall we;只有以Let us（听话人不被包括在“us”里面）或Let me开头的祈使句，问句才用will you。 Let us know the time of your arrival,will you? Let”s try again,shall we? Let me help you,will you? Lets have a look on your book，shall we？ 3)当陈述句是否定的祈使句时，问句可用will you 或 can you 。 e.g. Don't make much noise,will/can you? There be句型There be 句型中，反义疑问部分必须为be 动词 + there There are some apples in the basket, aren't there? There isn't any milk left, is there? must.当陈述部分有情态动词must，问句有4种情况： （1）mustn't表示“禁止，不可，不必”时，附加问句通常要用must. You mustn't stop your car here,must you? 你不能把车停在这地方，知道吗？ （2）must表示“有必要”时，附加问句通常要用needn't. They must finish the work today,needn't they? 他们今天要完成这项工作，是吗？ （3）当must用来表示对现在的情况进行推测时，问句通常要根据must后面的动词采用相应的形式。 He must be good at English,isn'the? 他英语一定学得很好，是吗？ （4）当must+have done表示对过去的情况进行推测（一般句中有明确的过去时间状语），问句要根据陈述部分谓语的情况用“didn't+主语”或“wasn't/weren't+主语”；如果强调动作的完成（一般没有明确的过去时间状语），问句要用“haven't/hasn't+主语”。 She must have read the novel last week,didn't she? 她上星期一定读了这本小说，是吗？ You must have told her about it,haven't you? 你一定把这事告诉她了，是吗？ 非反义疑问句非反义疑问句的陈述部分和疑问部分要么同是肯定的，要么同是否定的。这类反义疑问句有时带有感情色彩，表示惊奇，愤怒，讽刺，不服气等。例如：You call this a day's work，do you？你说这就叫一天的活儿，是吗？ 回答反意疑问句的回答：前肯后否，正常回答；前否后肯，根据事实从后往前翻译。如： （1）They work hard,dont they?他们努力工作，不是吗？ Yes, they do.对,他们工作努力。/No, they don't.不，他们工作不努力 （2）They dont work hard, do they? 他们不太努力工作，是吗？ Yes, they do. 不，他们工作努力。/No, they don't. 对， 他们工作不努力 否定反义疑问句的回答当陈述部分为肯定式，反义疑问句为否定式时，其回答一般不会造成困难，一般只需照情况回答即可： "Its new, isnt it?" "Yes, it is." “是新的，对吗？”“对，是新的。” "He wants to go, doesnt he?" "No, he doesnt." “他想去，对吗？”“不，他不想去。” 此时，"Yes"即是，对前面"It's new."的肯定。 回答反义疑问句的原则回答反意疑问句通常应根据实际情况来确定，如有人问你You are asleep, arent you? 你应回答No, Im not. 因为既然你能回答，肯定你还没有asleep。但如果别人问你 You arent asleep, are you?(你还没有睡着，对吗)，你也只能回答No, Im not.(是的，还没有睡着)，而不能回答为Yes, Im not. 也不能回答成 Yes, I am. “It is a beautiful flower，isn't it？” “It isn't a beautiful flower，is it？” 上述两句句子的回答肯定均为“Yes，it is."否定为“No，it isn't." 由上述例子可知，反义疑问句回答与句子本身所包含的中文肯定与否的含义并无太大关联，只需注意事实，肯定即用yes，否定用no，无需考虑句子原本是前否后肯或是前肯后否。 重点归纳快速记忆表 陈述部分的谓语疑问部分Iaren't I/are Ino,nothing,nobody,never, few, seldom, hardly, rarely, little等否定含义的词肯定含义含有un-,in-.dis-,im-等否定意义的前缀构成的词语 时，视为肯定含义否定含义ought to（肯定的）shouldn't/ oughtn't +主语 have to+v.(had to+v.)don't +主语(didn't +主语) used to+v.didn't +主语或 usedn't +主语had better + v.hadn't youwould rather + v.wouldn't +主语you'd like to + v.wouldn't +主语must根据实际情况而定感叹句be +主语指示代词或不定代词 everything,that, nothing,this主语用it并列复合句谓语根据邻近从句的谓语而定 定语从句,宾语从句 主从复合句根据主句的谓语而定think,believe,expect, suppose,imagine等引导与宾语从句相对应的从句everybody,anyone,somebody,nobody,no one复数they, 单数he情态动词dare或needneed/needn't (dare/daren't ) +主语dare, need 为实义动词do/don't +主语省去主语的祈使句will/won't you？Let's 开头的祈使句Shall we?Let us 开头的祈使句Will you?there be相应的谓语动词+there(省略主语代词）否定前缀不能视为否定词仍用否定形式六、seem用法总结seem可用作连系动词或不及物动词，意为“似乎；好像”，其常见用法现归纳如下：(1)、“主语+ seem +（to be ）+表语”，表语多为名词或形容词，有时是其他的词或短语，以说明主语的特征或状态。例如：Tom seems （to be ） a very clever boy. 汤姆看上去是一个非常聪明的男孩。The man over there seems to be a new teacher. 那边的那个人看上去像一个新老师。Mr Black seemed to be quite happy. 布莱克先生好像十分快乐。This small town seems changed a little. 这个小城镇似乎有点儿变化。(2)、“主语+ seem + 不定式”，此句型中的seem与不定式一起构成复合谓语。例如：Mrs Green doesnt seem （或seems not ） to like the idea. 格林夫人似乎不太喜欢这个主意。The children seemed to be eating something in the room. 孩子们好像正在房间里吃东西呢。The young man seemed to have changed much. 这个年轻人看起来变化很大。(3)、“It seems + that从句”，其中it 是形式主语，that引导主语从句。例如：It seems that no one knows what has happened in the park. 似乎没有人知道在公园里发生了什么事。It seems to me that Mr Brown will not come again. 在我看来布朗先生不会再来了。(4)、“There + seem to be +名词”，其中to be 可省略。seem 的单复数形式要根据后面作主语的名词的单复数形式而定。例如：There does not seem to be much hope of our beating that team. 看来我们战胜那个队没有多大希望。There seems no need to wait longer. 看来没有再等的必要了。七、定语从句： That is the most fantastic place that I have ever heard of.Practice：Use attributive clause to talk with following.be made of earth/ unique in the world/ a huge ring or square In the north/ a flat roof/ protect against strong winds cave/ dig into a hillside/ cool in summer / use less land a arge round tent/ be easy to move/ with a roof like an umbrella 八、lie和lay的区别：lay(放，搁；下蛋） lie(躺，位于） lay的过去式，过去分词，现在分词分别是：laid, laid, laying lie的过去式， 过去分词，现在分词分别是：lay, lain, lying 所以应注意的是， lay做动词原形时解为放，搁；下蛋,此外可以表示lie的过去式！ lie说谎，lie平躺，lay放置，下蛋这几个词语怎么区别记忆啊？ 原形 过去式 过去分词 现在分词 lie lied lied lying 说谎 lie lay lain lying 平躺，位于 lay laid laid (现在分词是什么)放置，下蛋 巧记lie和lay 躺 lie,lay,lain,lie in bed again; 撒谎 lie,lied,lied,don't be a liar; 产蛋 lay,laid,laid,a hen laid an egg; 放置 A loy picked it up,and laid it in the bag. If you like, you can lie down on your bed, laying yourself in a comfortable position, and lie to yourself that you don't like lying there, or you can imagine where you would like to lay the eggs after the hens lay eggs. 九、 It is said that 是主语从句 主语从句 定义:在句子中担当主语的是一个从句,这个从句就叫做主语从句。 主语从句是在复合句中充当主语的从句，通常放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语it代替，而本身放在句子末尾。 1、主语从句常用it作形式主语，一般常用句型为：It is+名词/形容词/过去分词+主语从句例如： It is still a question whether she will come or not. It is strange that you should like him. It is still unknown which team will win the match. 另外，还有一些比较多见的结构： It turned out that； It has been proved that; It happened/occurred that； It is well-known that等等 2. 用it 作形式主语的结构 (1) It is +名词+that从句 It is a fact that 事实是 It is an honor that 非常荣幸 It is common knowledge that 是常识 (2) it is +形容词+that从句 It is natural that 很自然 It is strange that 奇怪的是 (3) it +不及物动词+that从句 It seems that 似乎 It happened that 碰巧 (4) it is+过去分词+that从句 It is reported that 据报道 It has been proved that 已证实 3. 主语从句不可位于句首的五种情况 (1) if 引导的主语从句不可居于复合句句首。 (2) It is said , (reported) 结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如： It is said that President Jingo will visit our school next week. (3) It happens, It occurs 结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如： It occurred to him that he failed in the examination. (4) It doesnt matter how/whether 结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如： It doesnt matter whether he is wrong or not. (5) 含主语从句的复合句是疑问句时，主语从句不可提前。例如： Is it likely that it will rain in the evening? 其中(4) it is+过去分词+that从句 It is reported that 据报道 It has been proved that 已证实 这里就是和(2) It is said , (reported) 结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如： It is said that President Jingo will visit our school next week. 要注意区别 宾语从句是说that成分整个在句子中作宾语 而这个that做主语的十， 并列连词not onlybut also的用法：not onlybut also表示“不仅而且”“既又”，用于连接两个性质相同的词或短语。如：Not only men but also women were chosen. 不仅仅是男的，女的也有被选中的。We were not only hungry, but also tired. 我们不但饿了，而且也累了。She likes not only music but also sport. 她不但喜欢音乐而且喜欢运动。She not only plays well, but also writes music. 她不仅很会演奏，而且还会作曲。We go there not only in winter, but also in summer. 我们不仅冬天去那儿，而且夏天也去。另外，在使用not onlybut also时还应注意以下几点：1. 有时可将but also分开用，即将but视为普通的并列连词，用于连接两个句子，然后将also用于句中（用谓语动词用在一起）。如：Hes not only very fast, but hes also got marvellous technique. 他不仅很快，而且技术高超。2. 该结构中的also有时可以省略，或将also换成too, as well（置于句末）。如：He not only washed the car, but polished it too as well. 他不仅冲洗汽车，而且还擦拭了它。His name is known not only in Japan, but in China. 他不仅在日本出名，而且在中国也出名。3. 有时因为语境的需要，not onlybut also也可能用于连接两个性质不同的词或短语，但这多半因为承前省略的原因。如：He not only goes to work on weekdays, but also on weekends. 他不仅工作日去上班，在周末也去上班。句中的not only后接的是谓语goes to，而but also后接的却是状语 on weekends，可视为but also后承前省略了谓语动词 goes to work。4. 当not onlybut also连接两个主语时，谓语动词的数原则上与其相近的主语保持一致。如：Not only the students but also their teacher is enjoying the film. 不仅学生们在欣赏这部影片，他们的老师也在欣赏这部影片。5. 为了强调，可将not only置于句首，此时其后的句子通常要用部分倒装的形式。如：Not only has she been late three times, she has also done no work. 她不仅仅迟到了3次，她还没干一点活。Not only do they need clothing, but they are also short of water. 他们不但需要衣服，而且还缺水。有时也可见到不倒装的情形，此时主要见于but also后接省略结构的情况
展开阅读全文