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Lesson 1简单陈述句的语序1)句子种类:按句子结构分为简单句、并列句、复合句2)句子成分:主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、补语、表语3)简单句的基本成分和语序:参考教材第14页的表格和练习一、重要句型或语法Lesson 21、时态复习1)一般现在时,如:I never get up early on Sundays.2)现在进行时,如:Im still having breakfast.2、感叹句1)由what引导的感叹句,强调名词,如:What a hot day!2)由how引导的感叹句,强调形容词或副词,如:How hot it is today! / How fast he runs!Lesson 31、时态复习一般过去时,表示过去发生的事情,如:The driver of that car hit that post over there.2、双宾动词1)双宾动词是指某些动词后面可以跟两个宾语,表物的为直接宾语,表人的为间接宾语。2)注意区分双宾动词后间接宾语前用to还是for的区别,一般表示动作对某人而做用to,表示动作为某人而做用for。如:He passed the salt to me. / She bought the tie for me.Lesson 4时态复习现在完成时,表示过去发生的事情对现在造成的影响或结果,如:I have seen the film.该句可能暗含的潜台词是:我对这部电影的情节比较了解了或者我不愿意再看这部电影了。1)标志性词语:already/just/yet/never/ever2)常见时间状语:recently/lately;in the past/latest+一段时间;up to now/so far3)have been to(去过已回)与have gone to(去了未回)的区别4)瞬间动词(可用于完成时,但不能与一段时间连用)与持续动词的区别5)since(+具体时间/时间点)与for(+一段时间/时间段)的区别Lesson 51、时态复习1)一般过去时,表示过去发生的动作或状态,如:Yesterday, a pigeon carried the first message from Pinhurst to Silbury. / He was very tired after a whole days work last night.2)现在完成时,表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果,如:He has just bought another garage in Pinhurst. / In this way, he has begun his own private telephone service.2、有关way的短语1)in the way,表示挡路了或是按照某种方法/方式,如:The chair is in the way. / Do the job in the way your teacher has shown you.2)on the way,表示在路上,如:On the way home, I bought some cakes for my daughter.3)in this way,表示用这种方法,如:In this way, he has saved more than five thousand dollars.4)by the way,表示顺便说一下,如:By the way, have you seen Tom recently?5)in a way,表示在某种意义上,如:In a way, he is more than a teacher to us.Lesson 61、冠词的用法1)不定冠词a/an,如:a pen, an egg2)定冠词the,如:A dog is barking at me. The dog is black and white.3)零冠词,即不用冠词的情况,如人名和地名前面,如:John lives in London.2、短语动词的用法短语动词指的是后面跟上介词或副词后、意思会发生变化的动词。如:1)I put your book on the shelf. / I put on my hat and left the house.2)It was very hot, so I took off my coat. / Will you look after the children for me please?Lesson 71、过去进行时表示过去某个时刻或某段时间正在发生的动作或行为。如:They were expecting a valuable parcel of diamonds from South Africa.2、短语动词中宾语的位置1)当短语动词中的小品词是介词时,无论宾语是名词及其短语或是代词,都要放在介词后面。如:look for the key/look for it。2)当短语动词中的小品词既可以作介词,也可以作副词时:如果宾语是名词及其短语,则既可以放在动词和小品词之间,也可以放到小品词后面;如果宾语是代词,则必须放在动词和小品词之间。Lesson 81、比较关系复习回顾同级比较、比较级和最高级的用法。需要注意的是:1、比较对象的一致;2、通过词缀法构成的slowly、friendly等词的比较级和最高级;3、最高级的标志性范围介词in/of的提示作用;4、不规则的形容词和副词的比较级和最高级形式。2、不定代词侧重every与one/body/thing构成的不定代词,可复习some、any和no与one/body/thing构成的不定代词。Lesson 91、介词的用法本课侧重的是表时间的介词的用法,主要有at/in/on。其中,in一般后接月份、季度和年份;on一般后接星期或日期;at一般后接几点几分。2、不定代词本课侧重的是not.any相当于no的用法,如:He has no coffee.就相当于He doesnt have any coffee.Lesson 101、被动语态本课侧重的是一般过去时中的被动语态的用法,即:was/were done by,如:The instrument was bought by my grandfather many years ago.2、双重所有格即a+名词+of+名词+s或是名词复数+of+名词+s,如:a friend of my fathers或some friends of my fathers。Lesson 111、复习第1-10课的关键句型第1-10课的重点内容有:简单句及其语序、一般现在时、现在进行时、一般过去时、现在完成时、冠词、不定代词、过去进行时、比较关系、表时间的介词、被动语态。2、动词不定式本课侧重的是动词不定式做宾语补足语的用法,如:He wants me to ask you a question. / Frank helped Tom to dig this hole.Lesson 121、一般将来时表示将来会发生的事情,形式为will do,如:Well meet him early in the morning.2、be+小品词小品词主要是指介词或副词。本课侧重的是be+副词的用法,常见的表达有:be away/back(离开/回来);be out/in(出门/在家);be (all) over(结束); be on(上演); be up to(达到); be after(寻找); be up(起床)等。Lesson 131、将来进行时表示将来某个时刻或时段正在发生的事情,或者按照计划将来一定会发生的事情,基本形式为:will be doing,如:They will be arriving here tomorrow. (表示按计划会发生的)/ He will be reading in the library at this time tomorrow afternoon. (表示将来某个时刻正在发生的)2、名词所有格本课侧重的是:1)不以s结尾的复数名词的所有格,如childrens;2)以s结尾的人名的所有格,如Keats或Keatss。Lesson 14过去完成时表示过去发生的动作对过去造成的影响或结果。如:He had finished his job before the boss came back. 本课新出现了had nearly done.when.的句型,如:I had nearly reached home when it began to rain heavily.Lesson 15间接引语可结合第一册第99-102课和第133-136课的内容,对间接引语进行一次总的复习,侧重直接引语转换为间接引语的三大变化原则,即时态变化、人称变化和句型变化原则。Lesson 16if条件句在第一册第137-138课里已经学过了if引导的条件状语从句,当时侧重的是“主将从现”的原则的运用。本课的if条件句在“从现”的基础上,又增加了从句使用其他时态的情况,如:现在进行时(If he is working, I wont disturb him.)。此外,还出现了与情态动词连用的情况,如:He will come tomorrow if he can.Lesson 17情态动词mustmust主要的用法有:1)表必须,如:肯定句:He must finish the job now.否定句:He neednt finish the job now.一般疑问句及其回答:Must he finish the job now? Yes, he must. / No, he neednt.2)表猜测,如:He must be over forty.Lesson 18have的用法have作为实义动词的主要用法有:1)表“有”,如:He has some magazines.2)表“吃喝,如:He has a cup of tea every day.3)表“患病”,如:He has a bad cold.4)表“万能do”,其结构一般为:have a+含动作含义的名词,如:have a swim/talk/walk/rest等。Lesson 19情态动词can与may本课主要侧重学习can和may表请求和表猜测时的用法区别。当表请求时,may的语气更为委婉;当表猜测时,can要用cant形式,而且表达的是把握较大的猜测,而may则表示把握较小的猜测。如:He cant have gone to Beijing, because I saw him on the street just now.He may have been in Beijing, for I havent seen him since yesterday.Lesson 201.动名词动名词是非谓语动词,可以先复习第一册学过的分词和不定式,然后学习动名词doing。动名词具有动词的特点,能够跟宾语,也有时态和语态的变化;同时,动名词又具有名词的主要功能。本课侧重学习的是介词后面的动名词的用法。如:I often fish for hours without catching anything.2、使役动词英语里有一类动词表示“使.”,如:interest, worry, disappoint等。这类动词往往有现在分词和过去分词两种分词形式,这两种分词经常形容词化,过去分词表示“感到.”,现在分词表示“令人.”。如:interested,感兴趣的;interesting,有趣的。Lesson 21被动语态本课侧重的是被动语态与情态动词的连用,其结构为:情态动词+be done by。如:It must have been stolen by the man.Lesson 22介词本课侧重的是介词of/from/in/on与不同动词的搭配用法。如:approve of/differ from/delight in/insist on。Lesson 23本课主要是复习第12-21课的重要句型和语法点,即:一般将来时、将来进行时、过去完成时、间接引语、if条件状语从句、情态动词must/can/may、实义动词have和被动语态的用法。Lesson 24本课主要是复习第2-23课的难点部分的内容,这部分的内容主要都是常用词汇的辨析,如:take/receive、in the way/on the way、salary/wage、except/apart from、remind/remember、beside/besides、irritable/nervous等。Lesson 251 arrive in:到达,同义词:arrive at,reach,get arrive是不及物动词,因此后面一定要加介词使用。arrive in是指到达了大的地方,而arrive at则是指到达小地方。get to+宾语:到达get home:到家,get there:到那home/there都是副词,副词跟动词连用的时候不需要加介词2 the way to:通往.路相关短语:give way 撤退,让路,屈服 by way of 经过,用方法3 not only.but.as well:不但.而且. 4 neither.nor. 既不.也不.Lesson 261. I think that young children often appreciate modern pictures better than anyone else.我觉得小孩子们往往比任何人都更能欣赏现代绘画。better than anyone else 表示最高级的含义,形容词比较级与anyone,anything这类不定代词使用表示最高级。The teacher is the tallest.=The teacher is taller than anyone else.The book is more expensive than anyone else.2. My sister is only seven, but she always tells me whether my pictures are good or not. 我的妹妹只有7岁,但她总能说出我的画是好还是坏。本句中Whether .or not= if,表示选择,是还是3. She looked at it critically for a moment.相关短语:of the moment 现时的 at the moment 此刻, 现在at any moment 随时,在任何时候 the moment 一 . 就 .,.4. Isnt it upside down? 画是不是挂反了呢?这是一个否定疑问句,起肯定语气的作用。Isnt it bad weather?=Its bad weather 天气确实很不好。Arent you lucky? =You are lucky. 你真幸运Lesson 271 put up:支起,搭建相关短语:put up with 忍受, 容忍 put trust in 对 . 信任 put out 熄灭 put to use 投入使用, 利用2 As soon as this was done, they cooked a meal over an open fire.本句中,as soon as表示“一就”,形容前后两个动作连接之紧密。3 After a wonderful meal, they told stories and sang songs by the campfire.他们美美地吃了一顿饭后,就围在营火旁讲起了故事,唱起了歌。本句中by做介词使用,表示在附近,靠近,通过. 与by搭配的其它词组包括:by means of 经由,用方法 by far 截止到目前 by accident/by chance 偶然4 词义辨析creep, climb, crawl这些动词都有“爬”之意。creep: 多指人或四足动物匍匐爬行,尤指偷偷地或不出声地缓慢向前爬行。也指植物的蔓延生长等。climb: 通常指用手或足爬上或爬下,也指飞机、日、月的上升,还可用作比喻。crawl: 指人或动物以身躯贴着地面缓慢地移动。5 The stream wound its way across the field and then flowed right under their tent!那小溪弯弯曲曲穿过田野,然后正好从他们的帐篷底下流过去。wind在句中做动词用,表示蜿蜒,过去式和过去分词都是wound;做名词时表示微风。Lesson 28现在完成时本课侧重的是现在完成时的标志性词语的用法。如:already/just/never/ever/yet。此外,还有一些标志性的时间状语或短语的用法。如:so far/up till/to now;three times;have been to/have gone to;since/for等。Lesson 29一般过去时和现在完成时本课侧重的是这两种时态的对比。一般过去时侧重的是描述过去发生了某事,而现在完成时侧重的是发生在过去的事情对现在造成的影响。如:The captains first passenger was a doctor.Since then, he has flown passengers to many unusual places.Lesson 30冠词本课侧重的是人名和地名前的一般不加冠词,但在海洋、河流、山脉和部分国名前要加定冠词the。如:John lives in England.It can get very rough in the Mediterrean.Lesson 31used to do本课侧重的是过去习惯的表达used to do。如:.as a boy he used to work in a small shop.Lesson 32比较关系比较关系分三种:同级比较、比较级和最高级。1)同级比较的基本结构为:asas,如:He is as tall as Tim.He works as hard as Tim.2)比较级的基本结构为:morethan,如:He is taller than Tim.He works harder than Tim.3)最高级的基本结构为:the mostin/of,如:He is the tallest in the class.He works the hardest in the class.Lesson 33介词本课侧重的是表趋向的介词的用法,即:to/from;into/out of;for;towards;at。Lesson 34被动语态本课的被动语态侧重的是“动词+宾语+to do”的结构转为被动语态后的结构“be done to do”。如:They asked me to make a speech. 这句话转换为被动语态后就是:I was asked to make a speech.
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