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精品文档八年级下册知识点Unit1 一. 【精选词汇】 重点短语1. the changes to Sunshine Town 阳光镇的变化- the changes to的变化(p8)知识链接change n.变化，常用复数changes。e.g. Great changes have taken place since 1995.2. in the southern part of town fin the southern part of 在的南部 south fsouthern 知识链接east 东部eastern 东部的,west -western, north -northern3. in the past在过去fat present现在fin the future未来；将来，注意这些短语中的介词和冠词。4. turn the place into a park - turn into 把变成 知识链接 Heat turns water into vapor.热使水变成蒸气。 Turn this sentence into English.5. play cards and Chinese chess 打牌、下象棋， e.g. Its pleasant to play cards and Chinese chess.6. water pollution 水污染- air pollution 空气污染， noise pollution 噪音污染 (p9)知识链接 Water pollution was a problem before.7. used to dump its waste into water fused to do sth过去常做某事，注意否定式、疑问式的形式 知识链接 used to do sth f否定式 used not to do sth 或 didnt use to do sth-疑问式 Did sb useto do sth?或 Used sb to do sth? (2)There be 和 used to 合用的形式为 There used to be。根据要求进行句型转换： She used to teach history. 否定式： She usedteachhistory. 或 Shedidntteach history.疑问式：sheteach history? “动词 + 副词”结构， e.g. throw it/them away11. have an interview with sb = interview sb 采访某人；对某人面试；与某人面谈 (p12)知识链接 My parents have had an interview with my teacher. They interviewed 20 people for the job. There are a number of interviews with some famous football players.12. the best model I have ever seen 我曾见过的最好的模型(p17)知识链接the +形容词最高级+名词单数+sb have/has ever done,某人曾做过的最的the most wonderful film (that) he has ever watched 他看过的最精彩的比赛用法拓展 ever通常用于疑问句中或否定句中。e.g.Have/Has sb ever done sth? Nobody ever stepped in this cavern. 没人曾经踏进过这洞穴。ever since自从起到现在(用于现在完成时)，for ever = forever永远；永久地13. move into the new flats fmove into 搬进二 move out of 搬出一 (p18)14. lend me a book f lend sb sth= lend sth to sb 把某物借给某人，是 错出”。知识链接 borrow sth from sb 向某人借某物，是 “借入 ” 。15. a recent photo 一张近期照片， write about the changes to Moonlight Town (p21)16. a tourist attraction 旅游胜地attraction n.吸弓I；向往的地方fattract vt.吸引fattractive 有吸引力的 It has become a new tourist attraction. Hepburns beauty and charm attracted Colettes attention.词汇解析1. 常见的交通工具： bike/bicycle, bus, double-decker 双层巴士 , coach 长途汽车 , tram 有轨电车 , taxi, train,underground, light rail 轻轨 , plane, hot-air balloon 热气球 , aero done 滑翔机2. Using a dictionary: The words in a dictionary are in alphabetical order from“A ” to “Z ”. This helpsus find thewords we want quickly. If two words starts with the same letter, we look at the second letter to decidethealphabetical order. If the first two letters of two words are the same, we look at the third letter, and soon. e.g. Theword “ball ” comes before the word “banana”.3. century = one hundred years 世纪；百年。某世纪用序数词。 如：21 世纪 the twenty-first century。 在某世纪”用介词in,如：in the 20th century在20世纪。二. 【重点句型】1. Eddie, have you seen my food? Yes, Ive just eaten it. (p6)2. Youve changed, Eddie. You were kind. Now you re not. I don t want to play with you any more.3. Youve changed too. You always wanted to play with me. falways + 过去式= used to do sth4. Coaches have been in use/service in Beijing since 1958. fhave been in use = have been used5. I moved here with my family when I was two years old and have lived here since then. (p8)6. Have you ever moved house? fmove house 搬家7. We lived till 1965, when I got married. fget married 结婚fget/be married to sb 与某人结婚 知识链接 marry sb 与某人结婚，e.g. She married a football player. marry sb to sb 把某人嫁给某人， e.g. He married his daughter to an actor. get/be married to sb 和某人结婚， e.g. Yao Ming got married to Ye Lion 6 August, 2007. 表示 “已经结婚 ”用 have/has got married ， 表示 “已经结婚多久”用 have/has beenmarriedfor + 时间段或 since +时间点。 e.g. They have got married. They have been married for 5 years. 不能说成 They have got married for 5 years.用法拓展 marriage n. 婚姻 e.g. They will celebrate their fifty years of marriage next month.8. Has Sunshine Town changed a lot over the years? f change a lot 变化大 知识链接over the years = in the last/past years这些年来，这是现在完成时的一个标志。9. There once was a shoe factory . fThere once was/were = Once there was/were 从前有 。10. Later, the government realized it was a very serious problem and took action to reduce the pollution. ftakeaction to do sth 采取行动做某事， reduce the pollution 减少污染（p9）知识链接action（拍摄影视时用语）开始 动作，e.g. action film 动作片，action star动作 明星a very serious problem 非常严重的问题- problem（需要着手解决的）问题；Xt题，question（需要 回答的 ） 问题e.g. solve a Maths problem, answer my question11. It is different for him to see some of them as often as before. （p12）知识链接 It is + adj. + for sb to do sth. as often as before 像以前一本经常f as- as- -12. Things have changed a lot over the years. = Great changes have taken place over the years.13. When I was in primary school, my mother took me to school. f take sb to school 送某人上学14. I have the same feeling too. Do you sometimes stay after school to chat with friends? （p19）15. The changes to Moonlight Town have brought advantages, but they have also caused many problems for people. （p22）知识链接bring advantages to 给带来好处，advantage优点；有利条件-disvantage缺点； 不利条件cause problems for 给带来麻烦Unit2一. 【精选词汇】 重点短语1. go on a trip to South Hill fgo on a trip to 去某地旅游（p24）2. take you out for a few days 带你出去玩几天f take sb out带某人出去3. go hiking, go skiing - go+ v-ing 去做某事，see/enjoy the beautiful view 观看 /欣赏美景（p25）4. a symbol of Japan f the symbol of 的象征， e.g. Red is the symbol of danger.红色是危险的象征。5. have a really fantastic time = have a good/great/wonderful time = have fun = enjoy oneself （p26）6. at the entrance 在入 口处 fat the exit 在出 口处7. move at high speed 高速运转 at a speed of以的速度， at a speed of 100 km an hour8. scream and laugh through the whole ride -through 从物体的内部穿过9. a fast food restaurant快餐店ffast food快餐，国际著名快餐店：KFC肯德基，McDonald s麦当劳10. clap and stream with joy高兴地拍手尖叫f介词短语 with joy相当于副词修饰动词。（p27）11. watch a three-D film ， watch fireworks, look shiny and beautiful under the fireworks12. in all 总共；共计-first of all 首先13. scream with excitement 兴奋地尖叫fwith excitement = excitedly 激动地；兴奋地 （p28）知识链接excitefexcited兴奋的fexciting令人兴奋的；扣人心弦的；刺激的fexcitement n.激动， 兴奋 with excitement = excitedly , be excited about （doing） sth 对兴奋14. a really delightfulholiday and a meaningful experience 一个高兴的假期、一次有意义的经历知识链接experience n.（C）经历；e.g. He had a pleasant experience in Hong Kong last year.n.（U）经验experienced adj.经验丰富的，have experience in （doing） sth = be experienced in （doing）sth 在某方面有经验，e.g. He has experience in teaching English. = He is experienced in teachingEnglish. Dr Mahas much experience in eye operations. = Dr Ma is experienced in eye operations. Chow Yun Fat is anexperienced actor. He has acted in many action films.15. buy a gift for my parents - buy sth for sb = buy sb sth （gift 比 present 高雅）（p33）16. travel abroad 至1J国夕卜旅游 go abroad 出国， e.g. He has gone abroad for further studies. （p35）17. during this May Day holiday 在 五一”假期里fduring是介词，后面不能接句子。18. three and a half hours 三个半小时 one/an hour小时， half an hour 半小时 one and a half hours 一个半小时， two and a half hours 两个半小时（p38）19. have a bird s-eye view of Hong Kong fhave a bird s-view of 鸟瞰； 俯视20. a modern city of tall buildings with lights shining in the evening 高楼林立、灯火辉煌的现代化城 市withlights shining 作后置定语， lights 与 shining 是主动关系。用法拓展 He sleeps with windows closed.21. the cultural centre of Hong Kong 香港的文化中心- the cultural centre 文化中心知识链接culture n.文化cultural adj.文化的 e.g.popular culture 大众文化 Venice is a beautiful cityfull of culture and history. 威尼斯是一座具有深厚文化和历史底蕴的美丽城市。用法拓展nature -natural, centre-central22. a good place to buy things ， enjoy that day most, have great fun ， a seafood restaurant, desserts and snacks， enjoy our trip to Hong Kong词汇解析1. popular tourist attractions（ 旅游胜地 ） ：Mount Fuji 富士山， the Great Wall ，the Leaning Tower of Pisa 比萨斜塔， the Little Mermaid 小美人鱼， the Statue of Liberty 自由女神像， the Tower Bridge 伦敦 塔桥，Big Ben大本钟，the Grand Palace（泰国）大王宫，the Pattaya Beach（泰国）芭堤雅海滩，Ocean Park（香港）海洋公园，Window of the World（深圳）世界之窗。 （p25）2. Hong Kong Disneyland（ 香港迪士尼乐园）的四大主题公园（theme park） ： Main Street USA（ 美国小镇大街 ） ，Tomorrowland（ 明日世界 ） ， Fantasyland（ 幻想世界 ） ， Adventureland（ 探险世界 ）。3. cheerful-cheerless, colourful -colourless, careful -careless, hopeful -hopeless meaningful f meaningless, helpful f helpless, harmful f harmless, usefulf useless （2）delightful, wonderful, successful （3） endless, noiseless= quiet二 .【重点句型】1. It must be fun. Can I join you? 一定很有趣。我能和你一起去吗？ (p24)知识链接情态动词 must(表示推测)一定，用于肯定句，反义词：cant不可能。may可能, may not 可能不。 Probably, Perhaps, Maybe 都是副词，通常用于句首。(2)join sb 和某人一起做某事，e.g. Kitty joined them in the Disney parade.2. I havent seen you since last month. fsee 是瞬间动词 (p26)知识链接 瞬间动词与表示一段时间的词同时出现在现在完成时的否定句中， 不能变为延续性 动词。3. I mt many of my favourite Disney characters, such as Sleeping Beauty, Snow White, Alice and Cindrlla, Micky Mouse and all his friends were all there too.4. I couldnt stop taking photos with them. f cant/couldnt stop doing sth 禁不住做某事知识链接cant/couldn t help doing sth 禁不住做某事， cant/couldn t wait to do sth 迫不及待做某事。用法拓展 stop doing sth 停止做某事， stop to do sth 停下来去做某事。5. Th prformers all wore different costumes and waved to people while they marched across the park, singingand dancing all the way. f all the way 一路上 (p27)知识链接 wave to sb向某人招手/挥手fwave n.波；波浪 march across迈步穿越 singing and dancing all the way 是现在分词短语，作伴随状态。6. Im sure youll love it.你一定会喜欢的。 Im sure that sb will do sth. = Sb is sure to do sth. 知识链接 Im sure that he will win the match. = He is sure to win the match.7. Th lin of people outside Space Mountain wasendless. We thought it was hopeless to wait in the lin.太空山外人们排的队伍不见尽头。我们原以为排不上队了。 (p30)知识链接 endless无尽的；无休止的，e.g.endless love We have endless homework to do.(2) wait in the line 排队等候 Sb thought + that从句，某人原以为。8. I m watching an interesting TV programme. It started at 7 p.m. and has been on for haf an hour.知识链接 be on= be shown 放映 be on show 展出，e.g. Many old things are on show in the musum. Whn we reached the cinema yesterday, the film had been on/shown for 5 minutes.9. (1) She must be happy now, isnt she? (2) She must be happy yesterday, wasnt she ?(p33)知识链接 must 一定，表示推测时，反意疑问句中的附加疑问部分应以时间状语为准。10. Spring is the best time for visiting Chinese garden. f Chinese garden 中国园林 (p35) 知识链接the best time for doing sth = the best time to do sth 做某事的最佳时节e.g.Autumn is the best time for visiting the Fragrant Hill. = Autumn is the best time to visit the Fragrant Hill.11. Do you have any ideas about what to do for May Day holiday?12. By theway, how long does it take to fly to Singapore? Sorry, I don t know, but I can check itfor you.fby the way顺便问一下，check sth for sb替某人核实某事知识链接 It takes sb some time to do sth. f How long does it take sb to do sth?13. Th day of our trip to Hong Kong finally arrived. My parents and I were excited about this special trip bcausew all wanted to visit Disneyland and take photos with the cute cartoon characters.fthe day of ones trip to 某人去某地旅行的那一天(p38)知识链接 be excited about (doing) sth 又t (做)某事感到兴奋 take photos 拍照，take photos with 和拍照 cute = lovely可爱的14. The weather in Hong Kong is quite different from that in Beijing.香港的天气与北京不同知识链接在asas,not as/soas； the same as,be different from 或形容词、副词的比较等级结构中，当主语为不可数名词时，后者用that代替。当主语是名词复数时，后者用those代替e.g. Usually the pollution in big cities is much more serious than that in the countries.There are more books in our library than those in theirs. _15. I hope I can visit there again some day. fI hope + that 弓I导的般将来时或can从句。知识链接some day= one day有朝一日；（将来的）一天。one day还表示过去的某一天16. I left a book at Millie s home. fleave sth+地点，把某物忘在某处；forget 忘记某事。知识链接 The forgetful man often leaves his bag on buses. Why werent you at the meeting? Sorry； I forgot. Unit3一.【精选词汇】重点短语1. I have no idea. = Ive no idea. = I dont know.我不知道。（p40）2. turn on the TV fturn on/off打开/关闭，turn up/down调大/调低；都是 动词+副词”。3. change the channel 换台on Channel 在台,e.g. on CCTV-5 f 拓展：the English Channel 英吉 利海峡4. different uses of computers 计算机的不同用途：draw and design； play computer games； search for information； send and receive e-mails收发电子邮件do wordprocessing 进行文字处理 ；write computer programs 编写计算机程序（p41）5. travel around the world in eight hours 八小时环游地球，educational CD-ROM 教育软件 （p42）6. come out （书等）出版，发行，发表，不能用于被动语态，可以转化为 be published o 知识链接 When will her new novel come out? = When will her new novel be published?用法拓展（太阳、月亮或星星 ）出现；露出， e.g. The rained stopped and the sun came out.（花朵）开放；（草）出芽，e.g. In March flowers and grass come out.7. learn English and geography at the same time 同时学英语和地理 at the same time 同时 知识链接learn and play at the same time 边学边玩8. the main character 主角play the main character of = play the lead role of 知识链接play the role 扮演 ，the best actor最佳男主角，the best actress最佳女主角9. have/get itchy feet 渴望旅行，e.g. She has gone to Australia she has always had itchy feet.10. help you learn English by testing your knowledge of English grammar and vocabulary （p43） 知识链接by介词，通过某种方法、 手段，后接名词或动词-ing。He made a living by selling flowers. You can know more about the news by reading today s newspaper.（2） have a knowledge of 有某方面的知识，e.g. He has a wide knowledge of painting.他在绘画方面知识渊博。Knowledge is power.知识就是力量。11. one of the best on the market 市面上最畅销的一种12. choose one icon in the menu 在菜单里选择一个图标，click on it for more details 点击它以了解详情clickon点击，left double-click on 左键双击 13. open my new e-dictionary on my computer打开我电脑上的新电子词典（p48）知识链接 打开”电脑的软件用open不用turn on。用法拓展英汉词典 an English-Chinese dictionary ,汉英词典 a Chinese-English dictionary查字典：100k up a word in a dictionary 或 100k a word up in a dictionary14. restart the computer重新启动电脑 - start vt.启动；开始frestart重新启动知识链接re +部分动词再，e.g. rebuild重建，reuse循环使用，retell复述用法拓展set off = start off出发；动身，set about doing sth开始做某事，着手做某事15. check the settings 检查设置， double-click on the auto-run” icon 双击 自动运行“图标， double-click on the icon for Tour” fdouble-click on the icon = double-click on the icon for 双击图标, put in the CD-ROM插入光盘16. connect the keyboard to the computer properly 正确地连接键盘和电脑 知识链接（1）connect A to B 连接 A 和 B fbe connected to与连接 proper adj.正确的f properly17. grow an inch 长一英寸，grow to six feet long 长至U六英尺长A foot is equal to 12 inches.18. daily English = everyday English 日常英语fdaily newspaper 日报，Xinhua Daily 新华日报19. go on short tours of Australia and New Zealand去澳大利亚和新西兰短期旅行（p52）20. be hidden in somewhere in the Arctic 被藏在北极的某个地方fbe hidden +地点，被藏在 21. the treasure box 百宝箱 treasure hunt 寻宝 （p55）词汇解析1. online adj.联网的；在线的 e.g. chat online 网上聊天，order a package online 网上订购一套2. reach vt.到达=get to=arrive at/in 达到，e.g. reach 18 years old 年满 18 岁 The child isnt tallenough to reach the snacks on the table. reach out a hand 伸出一只手3. （1） correctly adv.正确地 correct adj.正确的fincorrectfincorrectly vt.改正； 修正， e.g. correct amistake改正错误 correct正确的fwrong错误的，in the correct order按正确顺序4. educate v.教育education n.教育educational adj.教育的，e.g. educate oneself 自修；培养 be educatedat school在学校里受教育have a good education受到良好教育5. knowledge n.知识know vt.知道 be known to sb 为某人所知，be well known/famous for 因一而出名，beknown as 作为而出名， e.g. Samuel Clemens, who was known as Mark Twain, was a famousAmerican writer. 塞缪斯 克莱门斯，以马克吐温知名，是美国名作家。6. point n.分数 e.g. get 100 points 得 100 分 n.小数点 e.g. 1.732 读彳one point seven three twov.指 e.g. point out 指出, point at/to 指向7. regards(用于信函的结尾或转达问候)致意；问候fregard sb as把某人视为 8. company 简写作 Co., e.g.有限公司 company limited = Co., Ltd。 producer 制作人；制造商。9. 使用计算机 Office word 常用短语：create a file 创建文档，keep/save the file for future use 保存 该文档以备用。收发电子邮件send and receive e-mails需要 电子信箱e-mail address。10. control n.(键盘上的)控制键 vt.控制 e.g.The traffic lights are controlled by a central computer.交通信号灯由中心计算机控制。This knob controls the volume.此旋钮调节音量。 【重点句型】1. What do you use your computer for? I usually use it to search for information. (p41)知识链接Whatfor? = Why ?为什么 ？ e.g. What did you do that for? = Why did you do that?2. It sounds interesting, doesnt it? 陈述句+附加疑问？”构成反意疑问句。（p42）附加疑问即助动词或助动词的否定式缩写+主语或there；附加疑问部分的助动词必须与陈述句保持一致，主语必须是人称代词或there,并与陈述句主语的单复数保持一致。前肯定后否定；前否定后肯定。尤其要注意前否定后肯定”答语的英汉差异。反意疑问句的答语为Yes,主语+助动词.”或No,主语+助动词的否定式e.g. Simon didnt take part in the football match, did he? Yes, he did. Though he wasn t feeling well.一西蒙没有参加足球赛，是吗？一不，他参加了。尽管他当时不舒服。3. One day, he was lying on the grass and looking at the beautiful blue sky, when he fell asleep and hada very strange dream.一天，他躺在草地上，看着美丽的蓝天，不知不觉间睡着了，并做了个奇怪的梦。lie 躺liesflying-lay-lain 说谎lies flyingflied-lied位于flies flyingflied lied知识链接lie意思是 躺”，常用于lie down躺下，find sb/sth lying +地点 She found a purse lying on the ground. I found a homeless man lying at the street corner. (2)fall asleep 睡着， e.g. He fell asleep when he was watching TV . have/dream a-dream 做了个 的梦, e.g. have/dream a strange dream用法拓展lie 说谎，e.g.You could see from his face that he was lying. tell a lie 说谎 位于， e.g. Jiangsu lies in the east of China.4. See those big clouds of different colours with questions on them? You get a point every time you answer a question correctly. fevery time +陈述句，每当 ，引导时间状语从句。 知识链接get a point 得分， answer a question correctly 答对题5. When you have got enough points, a cloud will come down and carry you off to a place you have never visited before. fyou have never visited before 是省略关系代词 that/which 的定语从句。 知识链接have got enough points获得足够的点数，carry you off to 把你带到 6. Are you ready? Lets go!准备好了吗？出发！7. For example, when you reach London, you will learn about the Museum of London and many other interesting _places. f learn about了解many other+名词复数，其他许多 （p43）8. Every time you pass a level, you will see a map of the world. f pass a level 过一关知识链接（1） Every time +陈述句，每当 a map of the world世界地图- a map of China 9. The places you have visited are marked in bright purple.你到过的地方都标上了 明亮的紫色。10. Get it now before it is sold out. fsell out 售完，be sold out 被售完，sell well 好卖（不用被动）知识链接 Have you got a size M? Sorry, they are all sold out. They sell well.11. Ive bought many educational CD-ROMs before, but I ve found none of them to be any good.知识链接find none of them to be any good 没发现一个好的12. How can your teacher read your homework on the computer? I can send him e-mails or print it out. f read your homework 批阅作业，send sb e-mails给某人发电子邮件（p46）知识链接 on the computer 在电脑上，on the screen, on TV , on the Internet（在因特网上）13. Do you have a new printer, too? Yes, and it prints very quickly. 该句的 print 不用被动。14. My new computer is much faster than the old one. I can type very easily, and the keyboard is very comfortable.15. Weve got many kinds of personal computers. This green one is called Kiwi, and it is designed especially forstudents. fpersonal computer 个人电脑，简写作PC。（p48）知识链接 Kiwi（informal） = a person from New Zealan
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