汽车英语字典

第一类 MOTOR VEHICLE 汽车30一、Vehicle classification 汽车分类1.1 Car 轿车序号英 文中 文1passenger car轿 车2minicar微型轿车3subcompact car普通级轿车4compact car中级轿车5intermediate car中高级轿车6limousine car高级轿车1.2 Bus 客车序号英 文中 文1bus客 车2mini-bus微型客车3light bus轻型客车4medium bus中型客车5large bus大型客车6extra bus特大型客车7articulated bus铰链客车8double-deck bus双层客车1.3 Motor truck 货车序号英 文中 文1motor truck货 车2mini- truck微型货车3light truck轻型货车4medium truck中型货车5heavy truck重型货车6off-road vehicle越野汽车1.4 special purpose vehicle 专用汽车序号英 文中 文1special purpose vehicle专用汽车2van厢式汽车3tanker罐式汽车4dump truck自卸汽车序号英 文中 文5semi-trailer towing vehicle半挂牵引汽车6full-trailer toeing vehicle全挂牵引汽车二、Vehicle construction 汽车构造2.1 Main components of vehicle 汽车主要组成序号英 文中 文1engine 发动机2front axle前 桥3wheel车 轮4clutch离合器5gearbox变速器6propeller shaft传动轴7universal joint万向节8final drive and differential主减速器和差速器9rear axle后 桥10body车 身2.2 Vehicle performance 汽车性能序号英 文中 文1maximum speed of the automobile汽车最高车速2time of acceleration of the automobile汽车加速时间3maximum gradability of the automobile汽车最大爬坡度4constant-speed fuel econ-omy of the automobile汽车等速油耗5economical speed of the automobile汽车经济车速2.3 engine position 发动机布置序号英 文中 文1front engine , rear wheeldrive前置发动机，后轮驱动2rear engine , rear wheeldrive后置发动机，后轮驱动序号英 文中 文3front engine , front wheeldrive前置发动机，前轮驱动4under cab-floor engine驾驶室下置发动机5underfloor engine车厢地板下置发动机三、Vehicle dimensions汽车尺寸序号英 文中 文1vehicle overall length车长2vehicle overall width车宽3vehicle overall height车高4front overhang前悬5real overhang后悬6wheelbase轴距7tread轮距8ground clearance 最小离地间隙9angle of incidence接近角10descent angle离去角四、Wheel alignment前轮定位序号英 文中 文1caster 主销后倾2steering axis inclination主销内倾3camber 前轮外倾4toe-in前轮前束五、Diameter of turning circle 转弯直径序号英 文中 文1steering angle 转向角2outside diameter of minimum turning circle最小转弯外径3minimum turning circlediameter最小转弯直径4Inside diameter of minimum turning circle最小转弯内径5Turning clearance circle转弯通道圆第二类 ENGINE 发动机一、Engine construction 发动机构造序号英 文中 文1rocker arm cover摇臂罩2valve rocker arm气门摇臂3camshaft凸轮轴4camshaft drive凸轮轴驱动轮5spark plug lead火花塞导线6timing belt cover正时皮带罩7valve spring气门弹簧8poppet valve菌形气门9piston活塞10connecting rod连杆11timing belt正时皮带12combustion chamber燃烧室13cylinder block汽缸体14water jacket 水套15oil filter机油滤清器16flywheel飞轮17ring gear齿圈18oil gage机油标尺19oil pan/sump油底壳20crankshaft曲轴21drain plug放油孔塞22v-belt pulleyV型皮带轮二、Essential term 基本术语序号英 文中 文1cylinder diameter汽缸直径2piston stroke活塞行程3crank radius曲轴半径4piston displacement活塞排量5compression chamber volume压缩室容积6total cylinder volume总汽缸容积7top dead center上止点8bottom dead center下止点三、Engine operation principle 发动机工作原理3.1 Four-stroke gasoline engine operation principle四冲程汽油机工作原理序号英 文中 文1intake stroke进气行程2compression stroke压缩行程3expansion stroke膨胀行程4exhaust stroke 排气行程5combustible mixture可燃混合气6intake valve进气门7spark plug火花塞8exhaust valve排气门9exhaust gas废气3.2 Four-stroke diesel engine operational principle四冲程柴油机工作原理序号英 文中 文1intake stroke进气行程2compression stroke压缩行程3expansion stroke膨胀行程4exhaust stroke 排气行程5intake进气6compression压缩7combustion燃烧8expansion膨胀9exhaust排气10air空气11injector喷油器12exhaust gas废气3.3 Two-stroke gasoline engine operation principle二冲程汽油机工作原理序号英 文中 文1combustible mixture可燃混合气2inlet port进气口3crankcase曲轴箱4precompressed mixture预压混合气序号英 文中 文5transfer canal输气道6intake port进气口7exhaust port排气口8exhaust gas废气9spark plug火花塞3.4 Two-stroke diesel engine operation principle二冲程柴油机工作原理1air空气2blower pump扫气泵3precompressed air预压空气4air chamber空气室5inlet port 进气口6injector喷油器7exhaust valve排气门8exhaust gas废气四、Engine performance 发动机性能序号英 文中 文1fixed throttle characteristics速度特性2part throttle characteristics 负荷特性3engine speed转速4torque扭矩5horsepower功率6specific fuel consumption燃油消耗率五、Crank connecting rod mechanism曲柄连杆机构5.1 Cylinder block 机体组序号英 文中 文1cylinder block汽缸体2cylinder liner汽缸套3cylinder bearing surface汽缸套表面4cylinder head汽缸盖5inlet manifold mountingflange进气歧管凸缘6oil inlet hole加油孔7cylinder head cover汽缸盖罩序号英 文中 文8cylinder head gasket汽缸盖衬垫9oil filter mounting flange机油滤清器凸缘10ventilating pipe mounting seat通风管座11cylinder block stiffeningrib汽缸体加强肋12rear main bearing cover后主轴承罩13main bearing cap主轴承盖14oil sumppan gasket油底壳衬垫15oil sump/pan油底壳16fuel pump mountingflange燃油泵凸缘17ignition distributor mounting flange分电器凸缘18camshaft bearing bushseat凸轮轴轴承座19camshaft drive(gear)cover凸轮轴驱动齿轮罩20cylinder head covergasket汽缸盖罩衬垫5.2 Piston,connecting rod 活塞连杆组序号英 文中 文1connecting rod shank连杆杆身2connecting rod small end连杆小头3connecting rod bushing连杆衬套4spring clip弹簧卡环5piston pin活塞销6piston head活塞头部7piston ring groove活塞环槽8compression ring压缩环9oil scraper ring 油环10piston skirt活塞裙部11piston pin boss活塞销座12connecting rod bearing halfshell连杆轴瓦13connecting rod cap连杆螺栓14connecting rod cap连杆大头盖15Connecting rod end连杆大头5.3 Crankshaft,flywheel 曲轴飞轮组序号英 文中 文1crankshaft front end曲轴前端2front main journal前主轴颈3oil passage hole机油孔4crank pin 曲柄销5crank web曲柄臂6counterweight 平衡重7crankshaft collar 曲轴后端凸缘8flywheel 飞轮9flywheel gear ring 飞轮齿圈10flywheel lock plate飞轮锁片11clutch shaft bearing离合器轴轴承12main bearing halfshell(upper,lower)主轴承（上、下）轴瓦13crankshaft thrust halfring曲轴止推片14bearing tang轴瓦定位凸键六、Valve mechanism 配气机构6.1 Side valve 侧置气门序号英 文中 文1camshaft凸轮轴2cam凸轮3tappet气门挺杆4side valve侧置气门5crankshaft timing gear曲轴正时齿轮6camshaft gear-wheel凸轮轴齿轮7gear drive齿轮传动6.2 Overhead valve 顶置气门序号英 文中 文1camshaft 凸轮轴2camfollower凸轮顶杆3push rod推杆4adjuster调整螺钉5cocker shaft摇臂轴6rocker shaft摇臂7valve spring气门弹簧序号英 文中 文8valve 气门9valve气道10combustion chamber燃烧室6.3 Overhead valve 顶置气门序号英 文中 文1camshaft front bearing凸轮轴前轴承2valve head气门头3valve stem气门杆4tappet挺筒5lower valve spring collar气门弹簧下环6outer valve spring外气门弹簧7valve guide气门导管8inner valve spring内气门弹簧9shielding cap护帽10oil flinger油封11upper valve spring collar气门弹簧上环12valve split cone 气门锁片13closer螺塞14rocker shaft摇臂轴15rocker arm摇臂16rocker bracket摇臂支座17retaining washer定位摇臂18thrust washer止推摇臂19rocker adjusting screw摇臂调整螺钉20push rod推杆21camshaft rear bush凸轮轴后轴承22camshaft 凸轮轴23camshaft center bush凸轮轴中间轴承承承承24cam凸轮25oil pump driving gear机油泵驱动齿轮6.4 Valve-timing diagram 配气相位图序号英 文中 文1TDC（top dead center）上止点2BDC(bottom dead center)下止点3intake opens进气门开序号英 文中 文4intake close进气门关5exhaust opens排气门开6exhaust closes排气门关7direction of rotation旋转方向七、 Gasoline engine-fuel system 汽油机供油泵7.1 Fuel system 供油泵序号英 文中 文1fuel level gauge 油面指示表2air cleaner空气滤清器3carburetor化油器4inlet manifold进气歧管5exhaust manifold排气歧管6fuel pump汽油泵7fuel filter汽油滤清器8exhaust silencer排气消声器9fuel pipe油管10fuel tank汽油箱7.2 Air cleaner 空气滤清器序号英 文中 文1intake tube进气管2deflector knob 导流旋扭3air deflector空气导流器4cleaner body滤清器壳5butterfly nut蝶形螺帽6filter cover滤清器盖7filter seal ring滤清器密封环8cleaner cartridge滤清器滤芯9silencer element消声元件10crankcase bleed pipe曲轴箱通风管11hot air pipe热空气管7. 3 Fuel pump,fuel filter 汽油泵，汽油滤清器序号英 文中 文1fuel pump base汽油泵座2diaphragm膜片序号英 文中 文3fuel inlet neck汽油进口4fuel pump body汽油泵壳5filter screen滤清器网6bowl cover泵盖7fuel feed port汽油出口8distance washer调整间隔垫圈9diaphragm spring膜片弹簧10rocker arm摇臂11fulcrum pin杠杆支点销12fuel filter汽油滤清器13filter body滤清器壳14filter cartridge 滤清器滤芯15glass bowl玻璃滤杯16bowl retaining clip滤杯支承夹7.4 Simple carburetor 简单化油器序号英 文中 文1air cleaner空气滤清器2valve needle针阀3float浮子4nozzle喷管5chock tube喉管6throttle valve节气门7intake manifold进气歧管8metering jet量孔9float chamber浮子室10intake valve进气门7.5 Carburetor 化油器序号英 文中 文1down-draft carburetor下喷式化油器2nozzle喷管3float chamber浮子室4choke tube喉管5throttle valve节气门6intake manifold进气歧管7two-barrel carburetor双管化油器序号英 文中 文8choke tube喉管9plug旋塞10filter gauze滤清器金属丝网11fFuel inlet port进气门口12valve seat阀座13valve needle针阀14float needle valve浮子针阀15float pivot pin 浮子销16float 浮子17float chamber浮子室18accelerator pump加速泵7.6 Carburetor elements化油器零件序号英 文中 文1throttle lever节气门杆2pull lever拉杆3release lever放松杆4throttle valve spindle节气门轴5throttle valve节气门6main metering jet主量孔7idle metering jet怠速量孔8accelerator pump discharge nozzle加速泵输出喷管9ball valve球阀10emulsion pipe泡沫管11air jet 空气喷孔12starting device jet起动喷孔13accelerator pump piston加速泵活塞14operating cam操纵凸轮15accerlerator pump lever加速泵杆16adjustable stop可调限位螺钉7.7 Carburetor control 化油器操纵件序号英 文中 文1throttle control lever节气门操纵杆2connecting lever rod连接拉杆3cable wire拉索序号英 文中 文4connecting adaptor连接杆5cable hose拉索软管6cable grommet拉索橡胶圈7throttle control cablehandle节气门操纵拉钮8choke control cablehandle阻风门操纵拉钮9pedal lever bracket踏板拉杆支架10accelerator pedal加速踏板11accelerator pedal hinge加速踏板铰链12accelerator pedal mounting bracket加速踏板安装支架13flexible boot cap挠性防尘护套14roller滚子15accelerator pedal lever加速踏板杠杆16accelerator pedal return spring加速踏板回位弹簧7.8 Gasoline injection 汽油喷射序号英 文中 文1fuel tank汽油箱2electric fuel pump电动汽油泵3fuel filter 燃油滤清器4distributor pipe分油管5pressure regulator 压力调节器6electronic control unit电控单元7injector喷油器8start valve起动阀9idle-speed adfusting screw怠速调节螺钉10throttle-valve switch节气门开关11throttle valve节气门12airflow sensor空气流量计13relay继电器组14oxygen sensor氧传感器15coolant-temperature sensor冷却液温度传感器16thermo time switch温度时间开端17distributor分电器序号英 文中 文18auxiliary-air device补充空气阀19idle-mixture adfustingscrew怠速混合气调节螺钉20battery蓄电池21ignition starter switch点火起动开关7.9 Electric fuel pump,Injector 电动汽油泵,喷油器序号英 文中 文1inlet汽油2relief valve卸压阀3roller-cell pump液子泵4permanent magnet永久磁铁5armature电枢6non-return valve单向阀7outlet出油8fuel inlet燃油进口9filter inlet滤清器10electrical connection电插头11solenoid winding电磁开关线阀12return spring 回位弹簧13solenoid plunger电磁铁芯14needle针阀7.10 Sensor 传感器序号英 文中 文1coolant-temperature senor冷却液温度传感器2terminal电接头3hosing壳体4thermistor热敏电阻5oxygen sensor氧传感器6electrical connector电连接器7cover保护管8body传感器体9shield over element保护元件八、Diesel engine-fuel system柴油机工友系8.1 Fuel system 供油泵序号英 文中 文1fuel tank柴油箱2overflow valve溢油箱3fuel filter 柴油滤清器4feed pipe 低压油管5fuel feed pump手动输油泵6fuel feed pump输油泵7injection pump喷油泵8return pipe 回油管9pressure pipe 高压油管10combustion chamber燃烧室11injector喷油器12exhaust pipe排气管13exhaust valve排气门14return pipe 排油管15air cleaner 空气滤清器16intake pipe进气管8.2 Combustion chamber 燃烧室序号英 文中 文1 type chamber型燃烧室2ball type chamber球型燃烧室3Swirl chamber涡流室燃烧室4precombustion chamber预燃室燃烧室8.3 Injection pump 喷油泵序号英 文中 文1camshaft凸轮轴2roller tappet滚轮挺柱3plunger spring柱塞弹簧4plunger柱塞5control sleeve控制套筒6control rod lack控制齿条7inlet port进油口8pump cylinder泵缸序号英 文中 文9feeding gallery进油通道10delivery valve出油阀11pressure pipe adaptor高压油管接头8.4 Injection 喷油器序号英 文中 文1nozzle holder喷油器体2fuel inlet passage进油通道3leak-off adaptor漏油接头4inlet adaptor 进油接头5leak-off passage漏油通道6adjusting shim调整垫片7nozzle valve spring 针阀弹簧8needle valve seat针阀座9needle valve 针阀10clearance filter间隙滤芯11spring adjusting screw弹簧调整螺钉8.5 Speed governor 调速器序号英 文中 文1accelerator pedal linkage加速踏板杆件2operating lever 操纵杆3control rod link 控制杆连接件4flyweight飞块5floating lever浮动杠杆6eccentric shaft偏心轴九、Exhaust system 排气系统序号英 文中 文1bracket 支架2bracket plate支板3exhaust manifold joint排气歧管接头4double manifold双排歧管5double manifold collar双排歧管凸缘6exhaust clip排气管夹头7pipe U-bolt排气管U型螺栓8flexible support挠性支座序号英 文中 文9front silence前消声器10flexible mounting plate挠性安装板11distance sleeve间隔套管12silencer flexible mounting消声器挠性安装件13protecting plate防护板14rear silencer后消声器15intermediate pipe中间排气管16front exhaust pipe前段排气管17copper-asbestos gasket紫铜-石棉垫网十、Turbo-supercharging 蜗轮增压10.1 Turbocharging system 蜗轮增压系统序号英 文中 文1inlet port进气口2compressor压气机3inlet valve进气门4exhaust valve排气门5turbine蜗轮6exhaust port排气口7engine发动机10.2 Turbocharger 蜗轮增压器序号英 文中 文1air inlet port空气进口2compressor压气机3oil supply 润滑油入口4oil return润滑油出口5exhaust gas废气（柴油机）6turbine蜗轮7exhaust gas废气（蜗轮）十一、Emission control 排污控制11.1 Emission control system 排污控制系统序号英 文中 文1air pump空气泵2exhaust pipe排气管3air passage空气通道序号英 文中 文4NOx catalytic convertorNOx催化反应器5HC/CO catalyticconvertorHC/CO催化反应器6silencer消声器7bypass valve旁通阀8engine发动机11.2 Catalytic convertor 催化转化器序号英 文中 文1catalyst催化剂颗粒2internal pipe内筒3housing外筒4shell壳体5heat insulating material绝热材料6high temperature sensor高温传感器7silencer消声器8exhaust pipe排气管十二、Engine-cooling system发动机冷却机12.1 Water cooling system 水冷系序号英 文中 文1radiator散热器2radiator bottom tank散热器下贮水室3radiator core散热器芯4radiator top tank散热器上贮水室5fan风扇6water jacket水套7overflow pipe 溢流管8drain plug放水阀9thermostat节温器10thermostat main valve节温器主阀11thermostat flexible bellows节温器挠性波纹管12thermostat bypass valve节温器旁通管12.2 Radiator 传感器序号英 文中 文1bottom radiator pipe散热器出水软管序号英 文中 文2radiator cowl散热器罩3top radiator cowl散热器进水软管4blind cable百页窗拉索5radiator filter散热器加水口6radiator shutter散热器百页窗7radiator filter cap散热器加水口盖8vacuum relief valve真空安全阀9pressure relief valve减压阀10filter sealing plate加水口密封板11radiator roller blind散热器滚筒式百页帘12overflow pipe溢流管12.3 Fan,water pump 风扇，水泵序号英 文中 文1fan blade风扇叶片2fan hub风扇毂3fan belt风扇皮带4fan pulley风扇皮带轮5shaft bearing水泵轴承6pump body泵体7water main inlet port进水口8water bypass inlet neck旁通进水口9self-adjusting seal unit自动调节密封件10pump impeller水泵叶轮11pump cover泵盖12cover gasket泵盖衬垫13water outlet port出水口14fan and pump shaft风扇与水泵轴12.4 Air cooling system 风冷系序号英 文中 文1blower风扇2blower-casing 风扇外壳3reactor定子叶轮4reactor blade定子叶片5cooling air冷却空气6air cooled cylinder head风冷汽缸盖序号英 文中 文7deflector导向叶片8cylinder head fin气缸盖肋片9cylinder block fin气缸体肋片10heating air outlet热空气出口11air cooled cylinder风冷气缸体12exhaust manifold排气歧管13blower pulley风扇皮带轮14blower impeller风扇叶轮15v-beltV型皮带16impeller blade叶轮叶片十三、Engine-lubrication system 发动机润滑系13.1 Pressure lubrication 压力润滑序号英 文中 文1oil passage油道2oil filter tube加油管3oil filter cap加油管盖4bypass oil cleaner分流式机油滤清器5oil pressure sensor油压传感器6dipstick油标尺7oil drain hole放油孔8oil strainer机油集滤器9oil pressure relief valve机油限压阀10oil pump outlet pipe机油泵出油管11centrifugal oil cleaner离心式机油滤清器12gear chain lubrication jet齿轮链条润滑喷孔13gear chain lubrication passage齿轮链条润滑油道14main pressure oil passage主油道13.2 Oil pump 机油泵序号英 文中 文1oil pressure relief valve spring限压阀弹簧2oil pressure reliefvalve ball限压阀钢球序号英 文中 文3oil pump cover plate机油泵盖板4oil pump gear机油泵齿轮5oil pump body机油泵壳体6driving shaft pilot sleeve驱动轴导套7oil pump driving shaft机油泵驱动轴8oil pump driving gear机油泵驱动齿轮9oil inlet pipe进油管10lock washer止锁垫圈11oil suction pipe joint进油管接头12oil strainer cover机油集滤器盖13screen strainer滤网14oil strainer bottom机油集滤器底版13.3 Oil cleaner 机油滤清器序号英 文中 文1handle手柄2cap nut盖形螺帽3filter shaft滤清器轴4filter cover滤清器盖5thrust plate压板6filtering disc滤片7distance disc隔片8filtering element bolt滤清元件螺栓9thrust washer止推垫圈10filter body滤清器壳体11drain plug放油塞12cleaning edges滤清肋片13cleaning edges spindle滤清肋片芯轴14filter cover base滤清器支座15pressure relief valve限压阀16filter cover bolt滤清器盖螺栓17cartridge滤芯13.4 Oil cooling radiator 机油散热器序号英 文中 文1radiator core散热器芯子2stiff pipe硬管序号英 文中 文3stiff pipe shackle硬管夹架4oil inlet hose进油软管5T-pipeT型管6shut-off cock旋塞开关7connecting pipe接头8oil outlet host出油软管十四、Engine-ignition system 发动机点火系14.1 Ignition system 点火系序号英 文中 文1battery 蓄电池2ignition switch点火开关3coil点火线圈4engine camshaft发动机凸轮轴5distributor drive rotates分电器驱动轴6contact breaker继电器触点7capacitor电容器8rotor转子9distributor cap分电器盖10high tension lead高压导线11sparking plug火花塞12vehicle frame车架14.2 Lead battery 铅蓄电池序号英 文中 文1battery cell电池2cell cover电池盖3battery negative terminal蓄电池负极接头4cell filler plug电池加液盖5battery positiveterminal蓄电池正极接头6cell connector电池连接件7negative plate负极板8separator隔板9positive plate正极板10sediment space沉淀区11cell separator电池隔板14.3 Ignition coil 点火线圈序号英 文中 文1winding insulatinglayer绕组绝缘涂层2core insulating tube铁芯绝缘管3primary winding初级线圈4winding insulation绕组绝缘层5clamping ring夹圈6magnetic core磁芯7primary terminal初级线圈接线柱8high-tension leadterminal高压导线接线柱9ignition coil head点火线圈盖10insulating material绝缘材料11supplementary resistor附加电阻12magnetic shield磁屏蔽13high-tension winding高压线圈14core insulator铁芯绝缘座15coil case线圈外壳14.4 Distributor 分电器序号英 文中 文1ignition coil cable terminal点火线圈导线接头2spark plug cable terminal火花塞导线接头3distributor cap分