第二讲数码照相机的认识和使用.

1GUANGDONG POLYTECHNIC NORMAL UNIVERSITY摄影基础摄影基础【之二：数码照相机的认识和使用 】 2手持电子照相机手持电子照相机 3GUANGDONG POLYTECHNIC NORMAL UNIVERSITY 4GUANGDONG POLYTECHNIC NORMAL UNIVERSITY 5GUANGDONG POLYTECHNIC NORMAL UNIVERSITYLCD观看、存储观看、存储数字处理、压缩数字处理、压缩模数转换模数转换电信号放大电信号放大光电转换光电转换n传感器、储存媒体传感器、储存媒体取代胶卷取代胶卷n模模/数转换、数转换、DSP处理器来处理光信处理器来处理光信号和数字图像信号号和数字图像信号nLCD显示屏供预览、显示屏供预览、取景和设置菜单取景和设置菜单 6GUANGDONG POLYTECHNIC NORMAL UNIVERSITYCCD：Charged Coupled Device光电耦合元件CMOS：Complement Metal Oxide Semiconductor互补型金属氧化物半导体硅氧化物半导体 7GUANGDONG POLYTECHNIC NORMAL UNIVERSITYCCD色彩分辨原理 8GUANGDONG POLYTECHNIC NORMAL UNIVERSITYCCD色彩分辨原理 9GUANGDONG POLYTECHNIC NORMAL UNIVERSITY 10GUANGDONG POLYTECHNIC NORMAL UNIVERSITY 11GUANGDONG POLYTECHNIC NORMAL UNIVERSITYCCD sensor放大A/D光子电子电压数字信号CMOS 芯片可以在像素上同时完成这两个步骤 12GUANGDONG POLYTECHNIC NORMAL UNIVERSITY 13GUANGDONG POLYTECHNIC NORMAL UNIVERSITYn构成影像的最小单位，也即传感器形成影像构成影像的最小单位，也即传感器形成影像信号的最小单位信号的最小单位n像素越高，像素越高，清晰度清晰度与与分辨率分辨率越高越高n两种表示方法：两种表示方法：“乘积法乘积法”“”“总量法总量法”38722592 1020万万n通过软件处理增加原有像素通过软件处理增加原有像素n分机内插值（分机内插值（“硬件硬件”插值）、后期插值处理插值）、后期插值处理 14GUANGDONG POLYTECHNIC NORMAL UNIVERSITYn最大像素：经插值处理最大像素：经插值处理后可得到的最大像素后可得到的最大像素 / 传感器的真实像素传感器的真实像素n有效像素：真正参与感有效像素：真正参与感光成像的像素值光成像的像素值 15GUANGDONG POLYTECHNIC NORMAL UNIVERSITY 16GUANGDONG POLYTECHNIC NORMAL UNIVERSITYn传统相机：传统相机：24mm36mmn两种表示法：两种表示法：“长宽乘积法长宽乘积法”“”“对角线长度对角线长度”例：例：9.3mm14.8mm 1/5英寸等英寸等n一般而言，传感器大，影像质量高一般而言，传感器大，影像质量高 17GUANGDONG POLYTECHNIC NORMAL UNIVERSITY1/4英寸英寸1/3英寸英寸1/2英寸英寸2/3英寸英寸 18GUANGDONG POLYTECHNIC NORMAL UNIVERSITY 19GUANGDONG POLYTECHNIC NORMAL UNIVERSITY 20GUANGDONG POLYTECHNIC NORMAL UNIVERSITY 21GUANGDONG POLYTECHNIC NORMAL UNIVERSITY 22GUANGDONG POLYTECHNIC NORMAL UNIVERSITY 23GUANGDONG POLYTECHNIC NORMAL UNIVERSITY 24GUANGDONG POLYTECHNIC NORMAL UNIVERSITY 25GUANGDONG POLYTECHNIC NORMAL UNIVERSITY 26GUANGDONG POLYTECHNIC NORMAL UNIVERSITY 27GUANGDONG POLYTECHNIC NORMAL UNIVERSITY 28GUANGDONG POLYTECHNIC NORMAL UNIVERSITY 29GUANGDONG POLYTECHNIC NORMAL UNIVERSITY 30GUANGDONG POLYTECHNIC NORMAL UNIVERSITY 31GUANGDONG POLYTECHNIC NORMAL UNIVERSITY 32GUANGDONG POLYTECHNIC NORMAL UNIVERSITY 33GUANGDONG POLYTECHNIC NORMAL UNIVERSITY 34 35GUANGDONG POLYTECHNIC NORMAL UNIVERSITY 36 37GUANGDONG POLYTECHNIC NORMAL UNIVERSITY 38GUANGDONG POLYTECHNIC NORMAL UNIVERSITY 39GUANGDONG POLYTECHNIC NORMAL UNIVERSITY 40GUANGDONG POLYTECHNIC NORMAL UNIVERSITY 41GUANGDONG POLYTECHNIC NORMAL UNIVERSITY 常见的测光模式有：分区测光或矩阵式测光、中央重常见的测光模式有：分区测光或矩阵式测光、中央重点测光、点测光、点测光、点测光、AF对焦区域测光对焦区域测光 测光模式在菜单内调整测光模式在菜单内调整 42GUANGDONG POLYTECHNIC NORMAL UNIVERSITY 43GUANGDONG POLYTECHNIC NORMAL UNIVERSITY 44GUANGDONG POLYTECHNIC NORMAL UNIVERSITY 45GUANGDONG POLYTECHNIC NORMAL UNIVERSITY 46GUANGDONG POLYTECHNIC NORMAL UNIVERSITY 47GUANGDONG POLYTECHNIC NORMAL UNIVERSITY 48GUANGDONG POLYTECHNIC NORMAL UNIVERSITY