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Unit 1 Women of achievementA Chinese saying goes:Women can hold up half of the sky.Who was she? Who was she? Elizabeth Fry (1780 -l845), Britain She was a Quaker(教友派信教友派信徒徒). She helped improve prison conditions and gave prisoners work and education. Her work helped the Quakers get the Nobel Peace Prize in l947. Guess:Song Qingling (l893 -l98l ), China She was Sun Yat-sens wife and one of the top leaders in modern Chinese history. She concerned herself with welfare projects（福利项目）（福利项目）, leading China Welfare Institute(协会协会) especially for women and children. Who was she? Who was she? Guess:Joan of Arc (l412-l43l), France She was born in France, a girl from the countryside who dressed as a man and went to fight for the French and to drive the English out of France. She was caught and put to death by the English. Who was she? Who was she? Guess:Lin Qiaozhi (l90l-l983), China She was a Chinese doctor who became a specialist（专家）（专家） in womens illnesses. She devoted all her life to medical （医疗）（医疗）work for Chinese women and children. Her work encouraged many other women to become doctors.Who was she? Who was she? Guess:Jody Williams (l950 - ), USA She is an American. She helped found an international campaign（运动（运动 ）to stop the use of landmines（地雷）（地雷）. She worked hard to make as many countries as possible agree not to use them. She and her organization were given the Nobel Peace Prize in l997.Who is she? Who is she? Guess:Jane Goodall(l934- ), Britain As a young girl, she always wanted to study animals. She went to Africa and studied chimps. Her research showed the connections（关系）（关系） between chimps and human beings. She works to protect chimps everywhere.Who is she? Who is she? Guess:She went to Africa and studied chimps.chimpsbehave like human beingsWhere are the photos taken?Gombe National Park in East AfricaPre-reading 1. What animals are observed?Chimps2. Where did Jane Goodall work with chimps？In their environment3.What was the purpose of her study of the chimps?Her purpose was to help the rest of the world to understand and respect the life of the chimps.The passage is mainly about how Jane Goodall worked with_ and help people _ _of these animals.chimps in their environmentunderstand and respect the life Main ideasPara 1:Para 2:Para 3:Para 4:Janes achievementswhat Jane discovered about chimpsher attitude to the animalsa day in the forest careful readinga family of chimps_ the forest (feed, clean each other)The mother chimp and her babies _ together in their nestThe first paragraphThe whole daywake upwander intoplay in the treego to sleepWhat are the chimps activities on that day?The first thingThe second thingShe discovered that chimps hunt and eat meat.She also discovered how chimps communicate with each other.The second paragraphWhat did Jane discover?True or false:She hopes that chimps can be left in the cages.She supposes that people should not use chimps for entertainment(娱乐娱乐).She has spent forty years helping people understand her work.She has built many homes for the wild animals to live in.(F)(T)(T)(T)chimp in the cageChimp in the laboratoryWorking with animals in their own environmentGaining a doctors degree for her studiesShowing that women can live in the forest as men canThe fourth paragraphOnly if we can understand, can we careOnly if we care, will we helpOnly if we help, shall all the life is hopeful-Jane GoodallLanguage points1. Jane has studied these animals for many years and helped people understand how much they behave like humans.Jane 已经研究他们很多年了，她帮助人们了解黑猩已经研究他们很多年了，她帮助人们了解黑猩猩跟人类的行为是多么的相似。猩跟人类的行为是多么的相似。have in common with sb./sth.The two cultures have a lot/much in common.Tom and I have nothing in common./I have nothing in common with Tom.2.Watching a family of chimps wake up is our first activity of the day.3. worthwhile worthwhile: （adj.) 值得值得(花精力、时间、金花精力、时间、金钱做钱做) 的的a worthwhile experiment It is worthwhile to do / doing sth. worth: 值得的值得的这辆自行车值这辆自行车值50英镑英镑_.这个博物馆（非常）值得参观。这个博物馆（非常）值得参观。The museum_.The bicycle is worth 50.is (well) worth visiting(. be (well) worth + n. / doing sth. worthy: 值得的值得的be worthy to be done be worthy of + being done / n. The experiments is worthy to be done. eg. He is worthy of our praise.The experiment is well worth the time and money.The experiment is well worth doing.exercise4.Jane spent many years observing and recording their daily activities. to pay the money or to use time, etc.花钱，花钱， 花时间。花时间。你暑假怎么打发？你暑假怎么打发？How will you _ (1) spend sth on sthHe spent all his savings on a new house. (2) spend sth (in) doing sthHe spent his whole life looking after the poor.He spent every minute he could _ spoken English.A. practise B. to practiseC. practising D. practised花费花费spend sb. spend sth. (on sth.)/ (in) doing sthpay sb. pay some money for sthcost sth. cost sb some moneytake It takes sb to so sth.He _about a third of his salary in drinking.She _ 3000 dollars for the dress.The DVD_her 150 yuan.It _him ten days to finish the experiment.5. observe(1) to notice/ watch carefully 观察观察, 注意到注意到 observe + sb./sth. sb. doing/do sth that-clause 这位科学家一生都在观察星星。这位科学家一生都在观察星星。The scientist has observed the stars all his life.我看到一个陌生人进了、正在进办公室。我看到一个陌生人进了、正在进办公室。I observed a stranger go/going into the office.我注意到班上有几个学生睡着了。我注意到班上有几个学生睡着了。I observed that several students were asleep in class.find out the mistakeWe have never observed him to do such a foolish thing.(2) vt. to obey; to act in accordance with 遵守，顺从遵守，顺从我们必须遵守交通规则。我们必须遵守交通规则。We must _observe the traffic rules.(3) vt. to hold or celebrate 举行（仪式等）举行（仪式等）， 庆祝（节日等）庆祝（节日等）你们国家的人庆祝圣诞节吗？你们国家的人庆祝圣诞节吗？Do you _in your country?observe Christmas Day6.Only+Only+状语状语+ +部分倒装部分倒装只有这样，我们才能学好英语。只有这样，我们才能学好英语。Only in this way_.到那时我才意识到我的错误到那时我才意识到我的错误。Only then_.她母亲来帮她的忙，这才使她得以开始自己的她母亲来帮她的忙，这才使她得以开始自己的计划。计划。Only after her mother came to help her _to begin her project.did I realize my mistakescan we learn English well但但Only+主语时不倒装主语时不倒装 只有你了解我。只有你了解我。Only you_was she allowedunderstand me. I failed in the final examination last term and only then _ the importance of studies. A. I realized B. I had realized C. had I realized D. did I realizeD7. inspire: encourageadj: inspired / inspiringn. : inspirationeg: She was an inspiration to all of us. Her _speech yesterday made us_. We are determined to learn from her and try to do our job better.inspiringinspiredHe was an _ poet at that time and his _ poems spread through all the country.A.inspired; inspired B. inspiring; inspiredC. inspired; inspiring D. inspiring; inspiringcWhat is S-V agreement? n用动词的适当形式填空1. I _ a teacher. (be)2. He _ good at swimming. (be)3. You _ late for school again.(be) 4. They _ many new books. (have)5. She _ two sisters.(have)amisarehavehas根据主语决定与其一致的单数或复数的谓语Ex 1 On P5nRule: 集体名词如集体名词如: group, class, company, : group, class, company, government, family, army, enemy, government, family, army, enemy, population, team, public, crowd, population, team, public, crowd, audienceaudience等作主语时，如果强调等作主语时，如果强调整体整体，谓语，谓语用用单数单数，如果强调，如果强调个体（其中的各个成员）个体（其中的各个成员）就用就用复数复数The team is the best in the league 这个队在联赛中打得最好。这个队在联赛中打得最好。 The football team are having baths 足球队队员们在洗澡。足球队队员们在洗澡。 Ex 2 on P5nRule: every one, everybody, everything, any one, anybody, anything, no one, nobody, nothing, some one, somebody, something, (none除外除外)等不定代词及等不定代词及each, the other作主语时，谓语动词用作主语时，谓语动词用单数单数形式。如：形式。如： NothingNothing in the box in the box isis mine. mine.Rule: None 作主语时，谓语动词可用单数也可以用复数；但在代表不可数的东西时总是看作单数，因而谓语动词要用单数。1. The teacher with two students _ at the meeting . (was / were)2. A woman with a baby in her arms _ waiting for the bus in the rain. Awas Bwere Chas Dhave3. E-mail, as well as the telephones, _ an important part in daily communication. A. is playing B. have played C. are playing D. playwasAAExercise and RulesnRule：单数主语即使后面带有由with, along with, together with, like, but except, besides, as well as, more than, no less than, rather than, including, in addition to 引导的短语，谓语动词仍用单数。如： My sister together with/along with/with/as well as/besides my parents has gone to Beijing. The book, including ten science stories, sells well.Exercise and Rules3. Reading English papers and magazines _helpful to our study of English. (is/ are)4. Whether he comes or not _ of no matter. (is /are)5. To say _ one thing; to do _another. (is/are)6. Listening, speaking, reading and writing _four skills for English study. (is/are)7. Where to find the plant and what to do with it _still the problems to settle. . (is/are) isisisisareare语法一致nRule：单个不定式（短语）、动名词（短语）或从句作主语时谓语用单数； 多个时看作复数Exercise and Rules8.Many a boy _ made such a funny experiment. A. have B. are C. has D. is 9.Every means _ been tried since then. A. has B. were C. was D. has been10.Each actor and (each) actress_ invited to our school. (is /are) 11.Every boy and (every) girl _ got a toy train. (has/have) 12.No teacher and no student _ to have classes on Sunday. (agree/agrees)CAishasagrees语法一致nRule:连接的并列主语被each,every、no 修饰或many a+ 名词,谓语动词用单数nRule:each of +复数代词，谓语动用单数Exercise and Rules13.A number of the students_ gone for an outing. (is/ are)14.The number of the students_ increasing year after year. (is/are)areisnRule: A number of + 复数名词，表许多的谓语用复数， The number of +复数名词，表的数量谓语用单数。Exercise and Rules15. 70 percent of the surface _covered with water.（is/are)16. 70 percent of the farmers _ improved their living conditions. (have/has)17. The rest of his journey _ pleasant.(was/were)18. The rest of the girls _ fond of music.( is /are)19. All of your work _well done.(is/are)20. All of your answers _ correct.(is/are)ishavewasareisare意思一致nRule：all (some, a lot, plenty, any, part, the rest, most, percent, 分数，half)+ of+ 名词，谓语动词根据of后面的名词决定，如果of后面是可数名词单数或不可数名词，谓语用单数；如果of后面是名词复数，谓语用复数形式，意思一致Exercise and RulesnRule：the + adj. / p.p 结构作主语指人时, 谓语动词用复数, 但如果指事物或抽象概念时, 用单数谓语动词.21.The poor_to be helped.(is/are)22.The beautiful _ not always good.(is/are)areis就近一致Exercise and RulesnRule：用here,there, where等引导的倒装句中，谓语动词与靠近它的主语在数上一致。21. There _ three chairs, a desk and a computer in the room. (is / are )22.There _ a desk, a table and three chairs in the room. (is / are )areisExercise and Rules23. Either the girl or the boy _ from Canada. (is /are)24. Not only the door but also the windows _ open. (is /are)25. Neither you nor I _ the answer. (knows/know) 26. Not you but I _wrong. (am/ are/ is)27.You or he _ to take part in the competition. (is/are)isareknowamis就近一致nRule: 由eitheror，neithernor，not onlybut also，notbut，or连接两个主语，谓语动词通常和邻近的主语一致。nWe Chinese _ a hard-working people Ais Bare Cis being Dare being 此题应选此题应选 。这里应注意的是：我们通常说的是主谓一致。这里应注意的是：我们通常说的是主谓一致（即谓语与主语保持一致），而不是表谓一致（即不是谓（即谓语与主语保持一致），而不是表谓一致（即不是谓语与表语一致），本题意为：我们中国人是一个勤劳的民语与表语一致），本题意为：我们中国人是一个勤劳的民族。族。1. You or he _ to blame. 你或他有一人要受责备。你或他有一人要受责备。2. _ you or he to blame? 受责备的是你还是他？受责备的是你还是他？ Ais，Is Bare，Are Cis，Are D are，Is答案：C，就近一致 (is/are) 1. Both bread and sugar _sold out. 2. The worker and the writer _ from Beijing. 3. The worker and writer _ from Wuhan.4. Bread and butter _ a daily food in the West. 由由and and 连接的并列成分指的是连接的并列成分指的是同一概念同一概念，兼具身份，兼具身份或匹配出现或匹配出现, ,谓语用谓语用单数单数。由由and and 连接的两个并列成分表示连接的两个并列成分表示两个不同的概念两个不同的概念，谓语用谓语用复数复数。areareisisWhen we grow up we need food to give us nutrition. But the most important thing that we couldnt do without is the love from our parents ,our friends and the ones we loves ,Similarly, a persons success couldnt leave the love to others. Knowledge is the food that a man should absorb(吸收吸收 ) while love is the sunshine, a success should show love to others.Preface(前言前言)Name:Date:Home place:Occupation:Work:林巧稚1901-1983Xiamen,Fujian chinaa specialist in womens illness妇科肿瘤学Gynecologic oncologyBefore the lesson please tell us something about Lin Qiao zhi. 1.what was the writers problems?2.what did he decided to do at last? Why ?3. Which words can we find in the text used to describe Lin Qiaozhi ?4. What are Lin Qiaozhis achievements mentioned in the passage?Fast readingWhat was the writers problems?The writer did not know which subject to choose to study at university among English, biology and chemistry.2.what did she decided to do at last? Why ?She chose to study at medicial college, because she was moved by Lin Qiaozhi and wanted to help others just like Lin Qiaozhi.3. Which words can we find in the text used to describe Lin Qiaozhi ? hard work determination good nature kindness consideration1.write down three of Lin Qiaozhis achievements after reading the passagea.-b.-c.-She got a medical training for her career.She became a specialist in womens disease.She had made sure that about 50,000babies were safely delivered to their mothers.4. What are Lin Qiaozhis achievements mentioned in the passage? Careful Reading 2. Answer the following questions1.For whom and for what purpose did Lin Qiaozhi write a book about how to look after babies?2.Which period did Lin Qiaozhi live in? 3.Was it easy for a woman to get medical education at that time? Give a reason.She wrote a book for mothers in the countryside who were not able to get a hospital easily.She lived in the early twentieth century.It was not easy for a woman to get medical education at that time for education was for men first and women second.4.What do you think are the important qualities a good doctor should have?I think a good doctor should be kind,patient and have a good knowledge of diseases and ways of cures Finish the summary.One day,the writer did some on Lin Qiaozhia in womens diseases.He found something about this great woman: she did her to study medicine and wrote a book for the women in the and all her life to her patients and medical career.She won from people.After getting this information,the writer decided to study at medical school and get training to help other people. researchspecialistcountrysidedevotedrespectmedicalbestDo some research on sth.Death rateGet a medical trainingCant wait to do sth.Deliver a babyDevote to做某方面的研究死亡率学医迫不及待要做某事接生投身于Explain the following phrases.Language points1. was to change 属于属于 “be +不定式不定式” 的结构，此处表示的结构，此处表示“不可避免的，命中不可避免的，命中注定的事注定的事”。 e.g. They were sure that he was to become a very famous person.还可以表示计划，打算还可以表示计划，打算 She is to go to Raoping tomorrow.还可以表示命令，意为还可以表示命令，意为“必须，不得不必须，不得不” e.g. You are to do your homework before you have lunch. In such dry weather, the flowers will have to be watered if they_.A. have survivedB. are to surviveC. would surviveD. will surviveBIt was a book explaining how to cut the death rate from having and caring for babies by following some simple rules for keeping babies clean and healthy.现在分词做定语，修饰现在分词做定语，修饰book, 相当与相当与 一个定一个定语从句语从句 which explained how一本介绍如何在妇女怀孕到护理婴儿的过程中，通过一本介绍如何在妇女怀孕到护理婴儿的过程中，通过一些使婴儿保持清洁的简单规则来降低死亡率的书。一些使婴儿保持清洁的简单规则来降低死亡率的书。2. explaining explain后接名词、代词、从句、后接名词、代词、从句、wh-+to do作宾语。作宾语。 She explained to us why she was late.explain不能跟双宾语结构不能跟双宾语结构, 不能说不能说explain sb. sth. 而只能说而只能说explain sth. to sb.或或explain to sb. sth.3. Be intended for解释解释“为为而准备而准备, 预定预定” e.g. The chair was intended for you but she took it away.4. Why not do sth 用来提出意见用来提出意见,解释为解释为“为什么不为什么不” e.g. Why not ask for leave?5. carry on (with) sth.carry on doing sth.解释为解释为“进行进行继续进行继续进行”e.g. 1. Carry on with your work while Im away.2. Carry on working while Im away.Listening1. Girls often leave school earlier for family reasons. 2. When there is very little money, the school often prevents girls from training. 3. Girls dont have a chance to run a company. TFFListening on Page7 Read the questions before you listen. True or false.1我容易吗？！我容易吗？！4. When women have children, they have to stop work. 5. Men have more chances to get to the top of their career than women. 6. Men can do whatever they like. TTF What three problems do women have which do not apply to men? 1._ 2._3._ They have more difficulty getting an education. They have more difficulty getting to the top of their chosen career. They have to give up their careers for the childcare and running the house.21. This _ girls from training for their chosen _ . 2. Most of the _ and running the house is the _ of the mother. Men do not have this pressure. 3. Think about what _ they have had to face. preventscareerchildcare concerndifficulties3Listening text First, girls _going to school and finishing school. Often if there are boys in the family and there is very little money, the boys will get first _to go to school. If girls do go to school, they often _ earlier to go to work or to stay athave more difficultychanceleave schoolhome for family reasons, while more boys_. This prevents girls from training for their chosen career. Secondly, the chances for girls to get to the top of their chosen career are fewer than for boys. Most peoplecontinue their studieswho run companies are men. Women need to prove they can run businesses successfully. This situation will remain a problem_. Finally, women have to stop their careers (even if only for a short time)if women are not allowedto do so
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