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必修四模块2语法学案课题Traffic Jam课时1 课时教学目标1.Revise some language points. 2. Learn more about Grammar of the module .3.Learn to use this Grammar.教学重点Learn about the baisc usage of Imperatives教学难点Deal with some important exercises about it.课堂导学Step I. Basic Rules（规则导学）Grammar 祈使句（1） 定义：用于表达命令、请求、劝告、警告、禁止等的句子叫做祈使句，祈使句最常用于表达命令。祈使句因对象（即主语）是第二人称，所以通常都省略。祈使句的动词都为一般现在时，句末则使用句号来表示结束。如：Go and wash your hands. （去洗手。命令） Be quiet, please.（Please be quiet.） （请安静。请求） Be kind to our sister. （对姊妹要和善。劝告） Watch your steps. （走路小心。警告） Look out！Danger！ （小心！危险！强烈警告） Keep off the grass. （勿践草坪。禁止） 祈使句也常把主语“You”表达出来，使对方听起来觉得柔和些，如： _.（汤姆，你去告诉他。） (2) 表现形式: 肯定结构: Do型(即:动词原形(+宾语)+其它成分)。如:Please have a seat here. _.有的祈使句在意思明确的情况下,动词可省略。如:This way, please. = Go this way, please. _. Be型(即:Be + 表语(名词或形容词)+其它成分)。如:_.要做一个好孩子! Let型(即:Let + 宾语 + 动词原形 + 其它成分)。如:_让我来帮你。 否定结构: Do型和Be型的否定式都是在句首加dont构成。如:_!不要忘记我! Let型的否定式有两种:“Dont + let + 宾语 + 动词原形 + 其它成分”和“Let + 宾语 + not + 动词原形 + 其它成分”。如:Dont let him go. / Let him not go. 别让他走。 有些可用no开头, 用来表示禁止性的祈使句。如:_!禁止吸烟!No fishing!_! 用“let”的祈使句时，必须注意下列几点： (a)“let” 的否定句有二。如果宾语是第三人称用“Dont let.”；如果宾语是第一人称，则用“Let. not”，如： Dont let this type of things happen again. (b)“Let“只适用于现在时态，可以有被动语态 (the passive voice)，如： Let the recalcitrant criminals be sent to prison. (c)“Let”后头除了是不带“to“的不定式动词 (The infinitive without “to”)之外，还可以是某些适当的副词，如out, in, down, alone等： Open the windows and let the fresh air in. _.(d) 用“Lets”时，把谈话者的对象包括在内；用“Let us”时，并不包括对方，如： Let us do it by ourselves, will you? _?(3)高考回望祈使句通常用来表示命令、请求、禁止、建议、警告等语气，是高考的热点之一。分析历年高考试题，可以看出主要是对以下几个方面进行考查：（一）对祈使句谓语动词形式的考查 1._ it with me and Ill see what I can do.(NMET98) A. When left B. Leaving C. If you leave D. Leave 2._at the door before entering, please.(京皖春招2000) A Knocked B To knock C Knocking D Knock 3._ some of this juice 郴州电视台 perhaps youll like it .(京皖春招2001) A Turning B Try C To try D Have tried 4._down the radiothe babys asleep in the next room.(NMET93)对策：牢记常见祈使句结构，注重标点符号的功用，排除非谓语动词的干扰（非谓语动词提前作状语，常用逗号与后面分开，说明后面情况发生的时间、原因、条件、目的等）如： 5_ late in the morning, Bob turned off the alarm.(京皖春招2001) A. To sleep B. Sleeping C. Sleep D. Having slept 郴州电视台广告部 二.对祈使句的反意疑问句考查. 6.Dont smoke in the meeting room,_ _?(NMET91) A, do you B. will you C. can you D. could you 郴州电视台广告部 7.We forget to bring our tickets, but please let us enter,_?(NMET2006) A. do you B. can we C. will you D .shall we 8.Be sure to write to us,_?(NMET93) A. will you B. arent you C. can you D. mustnt you 9.Its a fine day. Lets go fishing,_?(NMET90) A. wont we B. will we C. dont we D. shall we 10.- Alice, you feed the bird today,_? -But I fed it yesterday.(NMET99) A.do you B. will you C. didnt you D. dont you 视台广告部 带主语的祈使句常用于下面几种情况： 郴州电视台 （1）当说话人要求不同的人做不同的事时。如： 郴州电视台广告部 You go to telephone the police for help while Mary and I stay here to look after the injured. (2)当说话人是上级对下级、或长辈对晚辈时。如： You listen to your parents at home. _.(3) 当祈使句的谓语部分有副词up, down, in, out, off, away,且副词位于句首时。如：Out you go . _.三 、对祈使句的应答语的考查1.- Dont forget to come to my birthday party tomorrow. 郴州电视台 -_.(NMET94) A.I dont B.I wont C.I cant D .I havent 2.-Write to me when you get home. -_(京皖春招2001) A. I must B. I should C.I will D.I can 郴州电视台广告部 对策:从语句交际意义入手,排除Dont/Do/Be等应答的定式干扰.Step II. Exercise Zone（考练空间）1.-I cant reach that high. What shall I do ? -_John to help you . A. Ask B. asking C. to ask D. please Dad, let us, _, go to the river side,_? A. Tom and I shall we B. Tom and me :shall we 郴州电视台 C. Tom and I: will you D. Tom and me :will you 郴州电视台广告部 3. _and I will hit you. A. If you say that again B. Say that again C. Saying that again D. You will say that again 4-.I cant unlock the door. -_the key the other way. A. Try to turn B. Try turning C. Trying to turn D. Trying turning 5._and Ill get the work finished(重庆.2006) A. Have one more hour. B. one more hour C. Given one more hour D. If I have one more hour. 6. If you have a job_ yourself to it and finally youll succeedAdo devote Bdont devoteCdevoting Dnot devoting7.Show cheerfulness even when you dont feel it,_? A. will youB. do youC. may youD. cant you8、Catherine, _up early tomorrow morning, or we will be late for the train. A. gettingB. getsC. getD. to get9.Dont forget to turn off the light when you leave the room,_? A. will youB. can youC. do youD. are you OK10、_ on the television or_ a magazine, and then you will often see a lot of advertisements. A. Turning; open B. Turn; opening C. Turn; open D. Turning; opening11、Dont be discouraged，_things as they are and you will enjoy every day of your life. A. Taking B. To take C. Take D. Taken12、Ive never seen anyone run so fast_David go. A. just watch B. just to watchC. just watching D. just having watched13.Dont be discouraged. _ things as they are and you will enjoy every day of your life .A. Taking B. To take C. Take D. Taken 14._, I think, and the problem can be settled.A If you make your efforts B So long as you make your effortsC Making great efforts D A bit more efforts 15. Mary, _here -everybody else, stay where you are.A. come B. comes C. to come D. coming 16. Go and join in the party . _ it to me to do the washingup .A. Get B. Remain C. Leave D. Send 17. Alice, you feed bird today, _?But I fed it yesterday. A. do you B. will you C. didnt you D. dont you18. Be sure to get there on time, _ you?Of course. We _. A. will; will B. wont; shall C. dont; do D. can; swim19 The new windows need washing. Well, lets wash them together, _? A. shall we B. will you C. should we D. would you 20. Sorry, Im not feeling well and I dont think I can finish.Dont worry. Let us do it for you, _? A. will you B. shall we C. shant we D. shall you Book 4 Module 2 语法答案：You go and tell him, Tom.请这边坐。请这边走。Be a good boy!Let me help you.Dont forget me!No smoking!禁止钓鱼！打开窗子让新鲜的空气进来。让我们自己来做，好吗？在家要听父母的话。你出去。高考题：DDBDA BCADB BC练习题：ADBBB AACAC CACDA CBAAA
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