高中物理素质教学模式初探中英文翻译

高中物理素质教学模式初探中英文翻译The teaching pattern of physical quality of high school in both Chinese and English translation 关键词：素质教育；创新精神；教学模式；科学探究Key words: quality education; The spirit of innovation; Teaching mode; Scientific inquiry 摘要：论文探讨高中物理素质教学模式：探究式课堂教学模式、自主式课堂教学模式、合作式课堂教学模式、研究性课堂教学模式、网络环境下课堂教学模式等，介绍它们的具体流程和实施办法。Abstract: the paper discusses quality of senior high school physics teaching mode: inquiry-based classroom teaching mode, autonomous classroom teaching mode, cooperative teaching mode, research class teaching pattern, such as classroom teaching patterns under the network environment, introduces the specific processes and measures for its implementation. 什么是素质教育？尽管说法有很多种，概括起来就是要把所有的学生都培养成具有科学素养的人。而我国中学生科学素养的内涵至少包括四个方面：1.了解或理解基本科学事实、概念、原理和规律，学会或掌握相应的基本技能；2.进一步发展科学探究所需要的能力；3.初步形成科学的世界观；4.理解科学、技术与社会的关系。在新一轮的基础教育改革纲要中也明确提出“新课程的培养目标应体现时代要求”；努力使学生成为有“创新精神，实践能力，科学和人文素养”完整的、和谐的人。What is the quality education? Although there are many kinds of, sum up is to put all of the students are trained persons with scientific literacy. And the connotation of the high school students scientific literacy in China at least include four aspects: 1. To know or understand the basic scientific facts, concepts, principles and rules, learn and master the corresponding basic skill; 2. The further development of needed by scientific inquiry ability; 3. Preliminary form scientific world outlook; 4. Understand the relationship between science, technology and society. In the new round elementary education reform summary also explicitly proposed new curriculum objectives should reflect The Times; Try to make the students innovation spirit and practice ability, scientific and cultural literacy complete and harmonious person. 高中物理教学要紧跟国家的教学改革步伐，努力实现新课程的培养目标，主要还是在课堂教学改革，打破原有的教学模式，改变教师的教学理念和学生的学习态度。教师从知识的传授者变为学生学习的组织者、指导者、促进者，树立以学生为本、师生平等的民主意识，改变以往应试学习为终身学习，学生也要从被动的接受知识转变为主动地去获取知识。如何在高中物理课堂教学中实施素质教育？教师首先要针对不同的物理知识特点，选择比较有效的课堂教学模式：如探究式课堂教学模式、自主式课堂教学模式、合作式课堂教学模式、研究性学习模式、网络环境下教学模式等。不管采取那种模式教学，都要注意物理学科的四个特点：1.与生活实践联系密切、应用广泛；2.是带有方法论性质的科学；3.是一门实验科学；4.是一门严密、定量的精密理论科学。例如探究式课堂教学模式可分为两类：引导发现式：创设情景观察探究推理证明总结练习；探究训练式：遇到问题搜集资料和建立假说用事实和逻辑论证形成探究能力。它是以解决问题为中心，注重学生独立钻研，着眼于思维和创造性的培养，充分发挥学生的主动性，仿照科学家探究未知领域知识的途径，通过发现问题、提出问题、分析问题、创造性地解决问题等去掌握知识，培养创造力和创新精神。High school physics teaching should follow the pace of teaching reform of the country, efforts to achieve the training objectives of new curriculum, mainly in the classroom teaching reform, to break old teaching mode, changing teachers teaching and students learning attitude. Teachers from imparter of knowledge into students learning of organizers, guides, facilitators, sets up take the student as this, the democratic consciousness of equality between teachers and students, change the previous exam-oriented learning as a lifelong learning, students should also from passive accept knowledge into active to obtain knowledge. How to carry out quality education in high school physics classroom teaching? Teachers must first according to the characteristics of the different physical knowledge, more effective choice of the mode of classroom teaching: such as inquiry-based classroom teaching mode, autonomous classroom teaching mode, cooperative classroom instruction mode, inquiry learning mode and teaching mode under the network environment, etc. Whether to take that kind of teaching mode, pay attention to the physical discipline of four characteristics: 1. The practice is closely related with the life, wide application; 2. Methodology is a science of nature; 3. Is an experimental science; 4. Is a rigorous, quantitative theory of precision science. For example research-style teaching mode can be divided into two categories: (1) guided discovery: creating situations - watch inquiry - reasoning proof - summary of practice; (2) to explore the training type: problem - to collect data and establish hypothesis - with facts and logical arguments - form exploring ability. It is to solve the problem as the center, pay attention to students independent study, focus on the cultivation of thinking and creative, give full play to the initiative of students, modeled after scientists explore unknown way of domain knowledge, by discovering problems, put forward problems, analyzing problems, solving problems creatively to master knowledge, cultivate the spirit of creativity and innovation. 一、探究式课堂教学模式：具体教案Inquiry-based classroom teaching mode: detailed lesson plan 高中第二册第一章第二节 电场强度 设计如下探究过程：Second volume of senior high school, the first chapter electric field intensity in the second quarter design to explore the process as follows: 本模式适用于程序性知识的学习。使学生领略到概念和规律形成的过程，在学习中实现掌握知识和方法。在课堂上，教师的主要的任务就是怎么样合理、有效地引导学生积极参与。This model is suitable for the learning of procedural knowledge. Make students appreciate the concept and law formation process, the realization of knowledge and methods in the study. In the classroom, the teachers main task is how to reasonably and effectively guide students actively participate in. 儿、自主课堂教学模式：可用下面的流程进行Son, autonomous class teaching mode: available the following process 该模式适用于陈述性知识点的学习。重点在于培养自学能力，当学生形成了良好的自学习惯后，教学真可谓实现“教，就是为不教”的更高境界。The model is suitable for declarative knowledge learning. Focus is to cultivate self-learning ability, when the students form good habits of self-study, teaching is to realize teaching, is to not teach a higher level. 三、合作式课堂教学模式：是个人与群体之间为达到某一确定目标，彼此通过协调作用而形成的联合行动。具体流程是：Three, cooperative teaching mode: is between people and groups to achieve a certain goal, through the coordinating role and formation of the joint action with each other. Specific process is: 本模式主要用于活动课的学习，目的是为了形成民主学术氛围，使学生在相互的交往、协作中体会到“互补是一种需要”的真正含义。在创新中促进学生间的互相帮助、共同进步。This model is mainly used for learning activity, the purpose is to form democratic academic atmosphere, make students realize in the mutual communication, collaboration, complementary is a need to really means. Promote each other and help each other between the students in the innovation, and common progress. 四、研究性学习教学模式，主要是培养学生具有很强的分析问题和解决问题的能力。Four, inquiry learning teaching mode, the main is to cultivate students good problem analysis and problem solving skills. 其基本流程是：问题的提出实验设计实验过程数据处理误差分析探究规律和评价实验结果。本模式课题灵活，重在过程，使学生的质疑能力、实验能力有所提高。Its basic process is: problem put forward to experiment design and experiment process, data processing and error analysis and to explore the regularity and the experimental results evaluation. The flexible pattern topic, focusing on process, make the question ability, experimental ability of students improved. 五、网络环境下的教学模式，主要是拓展学习的时间与空间，在网络环境下开展自主性学习，以网络为媒介，依据网络资源共享、交互学习、超文本链接特点，在教师指导下，自主获取知识、应用知识、解决问题。如机械波、光的本性、原子物理等章节，真正的探索实验中学一般很难做出来，但模拟实验网络中却很多，教师只需将该节课要学的信息源整合成网页，再指导学生搜索自己需要的知识加以应用，在网络学习过程中，可以根据学习内容特点，把学生提出的具有价值性的问题，以多媒体的方式将问题情景化，呈现在学生面前，使学生增强学习的主动性，产生探索欲望，体现创新精神。Five, the teaching mode under network environment, mainly extend time and space, to carry out autonomous learning under the network environment based on network media, on the basis of network resource sharing, interactive learning, characteristics of hypertext links, in under the guidance of teachers, independent access to knowledge, application knowledge, solve the problem. Such as mechanical wave, the nature of light, atomic physics and other chapters, real exploring experimental middle school is generally difficult to do it, but many simulation experiments in the network, teachers will need to learn the lesson of sources of information into web pages, you need to guide students to search the application of knowledge, in the process of network learning, can according to the characteristics of learning content, the students put forward valuable questions, the problem in the form of multimedia contextualized, appear in front of students, make students enhance the initiative of learning, exploration desire, embodies innovative spirit. 近年来全国高考物理试题为推进素质教育发挥其命题的导向性，越来越接近现实生活，对学生的创造性思维能力要求也越来越高。我们在高中物理课堂教学中实施素质教育，除了选好教学模式外，还要在教学中各个环节落实培养学生创造性思维的措施。如通过教师的努力创造条件，尽可能地增加学生的探索实验，让学生通过自己动手做实验，逐渐掌握物理探究规律，和学习研究物理问题的方法。在讲课过程中，教师除要向学生讲清楚物理概念和规律外，还应结合各学科的特点，拓宽学生的解决问题的思路。如讲到磁通量 BScos时可增加下面例题：如图1，一间民房的房顶有图中三种不同的盖法：1、单向倾斜；2、双向倾斜；3、四向倾斜，记三种盖法的面积分别为S1、S2、S3，若屋顶斜面与水平所成的角都是，则In recent years, the national college entrance examination physics questions to promote quality education play its thesis guidance, more and more close to real life, has higher requirement to the students creative thinking ability. We carry out quality education in high school physics classroom teaching, in addition to the chosen teaching patterns, but also in the teaching each link to carry out the measures of training students creative thinking. Such as through the efforts of teachers create conditions to increase students exploring experiments, as far as possible let the student through the diy experiment, gradually grasp physical investigation law, and to study the physical problem. To students in the process of teaching, the teacher in addition to the clear physical concepts and laws, still should according to the characteristics of the various disciplines to broaden the students train of thought of solving the problem. Such as when it comes to magnetic flux phi b. s. cosine theta can increase the following examples: as shown in figure 1, a the roofs of the houses have three different cover method: in the figure 1, unidirectional incline; 2, two-way tilt; 3, 4 to tilt, to remember three cover method of area of S1, S2, S3, respectively, if the roof slope and the horizontal Angle is theta, made by then A、 S1S2S3 ；A, S1 S2 S3; B、 S3S2S1 ；B, S3 S2 = S1; C、 S3S2S1 ；C, S3 = S1 S2; D、 S3S2SD, S3 = S2 = S 解析:可设想有竖直向上的匀强磁场穿过屋面，S为房顶面积，则三种情形的磁通量应该Analytic: can imagine vertical uplift and strong magnetic field through the roof, S for the roof area, the magnetic flux should be three kinds of situations 相等即：123，又BScos,为S与B垂直的平面的夹角，其面积之和仍为S= ，因、B、都相同，故有S3S2S1,选D。通过这类题型的讲解使学生知道有时用物理方法去解决数学问题更为简捷。Equal: 3, 2 = 1 = phi phi phi phi again BScos theta, theta Angle for S a plane perpendicular to the B, the sum of its area as S =, still because of phi, B, and theta are the same, so have S3 = S2 = S1, choose D. Through the interpretation of the topic to make the students know sometimes use physical method to solve mathematical problems easier. 素质教育重点是培养学生的创新精神，作为新时代的中学物理教师责无旁贷，积极探索实施素质教育的最佳途径，已成为一项义不容辞的工作了。Quality education focuses on cultivating students innovative spirit, as a new era of middle school physics teachers responsibility, actively explore the best way to implement quality-oriented education, has become a duty-bound work. 参考文献：References: 1高金莲.科学教育应给予中学生什么科学素养J.中学物理教学参考，2003(4).High Chinese globeflower 1. Science education should be given what high school students scientific literacy J. High school physics teaching reference, 2003 (4). 2赵永军.新形势下高中物理课堂教学的思考J.中学物理教学参考，2003(3).2 Zhao Yongjun. High school physics classroom teaching under the new situation of thinking J. High school physics teaching reference, 2003 (3). 作者简介：邓听言，任教于广西横县中学。Author introduction: listen, deng teaches HengXian middle school, guangxi.