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Unit 1 Festivals around the world Period 1 Words and expressionsv【learning aims】v 1. Get to know and master key words, expressions and sentences in order to improve your ability of understanding and memorizing.v 2. Self-study and cooperatively research. Learn the ways of analyzing and concluding and use them .v 3. Take an active part in the study course and experience the joy of studying. 【自主探究】v一、核心单词v 1. satisfy vt 满足；使满意 v Your reply didnt satisfy me. 你的答复我不满意。v 辨析: satisfied某人“感到满意”；satisfying 和satisfactory某事物是“令人满意的”v 运用：(1)She spends a large sum of money buying clothes just to satisfy her own vanity.v 她花了大笔钱买衣服就是为了满足自己的虚荣心。v (2) We were satisfied to get a timely answer.得到及时的答复我们感到满意。 v (3)He is satisfied with his own progress.他对自己的进步感到满意。v (4)Your answer is far from satisfactory.你的答复远不能使人满意。 v 2.gather与 collect 均可表示“收集”，但collect有区别挑选之意，表示收藏某类物品时多用此词，v gather则强调将散乱的东西集中起来。指“聚集” 时两者同义。 1）One of Tonys hobbies is collecting rare birds. v 2）Clouds gathered before a thunderstorm came. v 3.award （1）n. 奖品；奖金 ，指因为作出杰出成就而受奖 win/get/receive an award for sth.v（2）vt.“授与”、“颁发”、“判给”v award sb. sth. = award sth. to sb. 授予某人某物v be awarded sth. for (sth.) v reward n.“赏金”、“酬金”或一些非金钱的报酬in rewardv运用 :1). They awarded John the first prize in the contest. v 2). Is that how you reward me for my help? v 4.admire vt 钦佩；赞赏；羡慕 v admire sb.for sth. 因某事钦佩某人 v 1).I admire your courage and wisdom.我钦佩你的勇气和慧。v 2).I admire him for his diligence. 我钦佩他的勤奋精神。v 5. permission n.u 许可；允许 permit vt. 准许；许可；允许 permit n.许可（证）；执照v搭配：ask sb. for permission 征求某人的许可 with/without (one s) permission得到允许/未经允许v permit sb. to do sth.允许某人做某事v permit doing sth 允许做某事 v 1).They entered the area without permission. (未经允许). 2). The prison authorities permit visiting only once a month. v 3). We have arranged to play tennis on Saturday, weather permitting. v 6.apologise(=apologize) vi道歉；认错 v搭配：(1) apologize to sb. for (doing) sth. 因(做)某事向某人道歉.v (3)make/offer an apology to sb. for (doing) sth. 因(做)某事向某人表示道歉v (4)accept (refuse) an apology 接受（拒绝）道歉 v运用：(1)他因让女朋友等了好长时间而向她道歉。v He apologized to his girl friend for having kept her waiting for a long time.v (2)请接受我诚意的(sincere)道歉。Please accept my sincere apology. v 7.forgive (forgave, forgiven) vt. 宽恕(=excuse/pardon) forgive sb. (for) sth. v搭配：1) forgive him his mistakes/ rudeness/ crimes原谅他的错误/无礼/罪行；v 2) forgive sb for doing sth 或 for what clause. v 3)有时可作为及物动词v运用：(1)Forgive me for (my) coming so late.原谅我来得这么晚。v (2)He forgave her for what she had said to him.他原谅她对他说过的那些话 。v (3)My advice is that its best to forgive and forget.我的意见是最好宽大为怀，不念旧恶。 二、重要词组1.take place vi. 发生;举行 in the first place 首先, 第一点 in the last place 最后 in ones place 处于某人的位置, 为某人设身处地想一想in place 放在原来的位置;适当的out of place 不在合适的位置；不适当的in place of (replace) 代替, 用而不用take ones place 找某人接替某人的位置(= take the place of sb. )辨析: take place/happen/occur/come about/break out 辨析: take place, happen, occur, break out, come about1) take place 相当于不及物动词, 没有被动语态, 指 事先计划或预想到的事情的发生。 我们学校的运动会将于下周三举行。 O ur school sports meeting is going to take place next Wednessday.2)happen 也是不及物动词, 没有被动语态, 指一切 客观事物或情况的偶然或未能预见的发生, 可以和to 连用或接that引导的从句。 他碰巧没有读过那部小说。 H e happened not to have read the novel. 3)occur 为不及物动词, 意为“发生; 出现”, 既可指某事偶然发生, 也指某事按计划发生, 所指的时间和事件比较准确。当以具体事物作主语, 并且是某事偶然发生时, 可与happen互换。许多事故是发生在家里的。Many accidents occur in the house.It occurs to sb. that 某人突然想起某事 4) break out 仅用于负面场合, 常用于灾难, 战争, 疾病之类事情的突然发生, 同样也不用于被动句中。发生了大火/战争爆发了。 A fire / war broke out. 5) come about 属于中性词组, 既可用于表达正面事情的发生, 又可用于表达负面事情的发生。多指事情已经发生，但还不知道为什么。常用于疑问句和否定句，多与 how 连用。你能告诉我事故是怎样发生的吗？Can you tell me how the accident came about？ G reat changes _ in the rural areas in the last two decades. A. have taken place B. took place C. have been taken place D. are happening解析: take place 不能用于被动语态中, 句中短语in the last two decades 可确定句子的时态为现在完成时。A v 2.turn up vi. 关小v turn off 关掉v turn on 打开 v turn out (to be) 结果是v turn to 变成；转向；求助于 3. dress up 打扮；装饰 dress up as 装扮成，打扮成 dress oneself 自己穿衣 be dressed in 穿着(表示穿着的状态) They dressed up for the wedding.他们为参加婚礼而盛装打扮。辨析 ：dress“给某人穿衣”后接人(sb./oneself)做宾语The girl is too young to dress herself. have on (=be wearing)“穿着”(不用进行时态)， Girls like to have red dress on.wear “穿着，戴着(衣物，饰物)”，指结果或状态， She wore a necklace today.put on “穿上(衣物)”，指动作， He put on his clothes in a hurry and went out. 4. She said she would be there at seven oclock, and he thought she would keep her word.keep ones word 意为“守信用”, 其反义词是break ones word, 即“失信”。 H e is a man who always keeps his word.Dont break your word, otherwise, no one will trust you.注意: keep ones word和break ones word中的名词word不能用复数形式。in a one word/in short/to be short 简言之; 总之 v word n.v 1) promise 保证, 承诺v I give you my word that I will keep it a secret.v H e always keeps his word; he is a man of his v word.v 2) 词, 单词 Whats the English word for this?v 3) speech/conversation 谈话交谈v have a word with sb. 与某人谈话v have words with sb. 与某人发生口角v have a word/have words with sb. v我想和你谈一下。v Id like to have a word with you.v 4) 消息; Word came that 有消息传来说 v运用 1). His score was only 53. In other words, he failed in the exam. v 2). Could I have a word with you, Miss Jones? v 3).In a word, I think he s a fool.v 4). You ll find that she is a girl who always keeps/breaks her word .v 5.hold ones breath 屏住呼吸v The art world will be holding its breath to see how much these paintings sell for at auction. v整个艺术界都在屏住呼吸等待着看这些画能拍卖(auction)到什么价钱。 v搭配：(1) hold back退缩，踌躇；抑制；阻碍；隐瞒(2) hold on (打电话时)等着，别挂断；继续下去v (3) hold on to 抓紧，坚持 (4) hold out 维持，抵抗，有可能 (5) (be) out of/short of breath 呼吸急促；喘不过气来；上气不接下气 (6) take a deep breath 做个深呼吸 v 6. in memory of 纪念 memorize vt .纪念 v They built this tower in memory of this hero.他们建该塔来纪念这位英雄。v联想：(1)in praise of 赞扬, (2)in honour of纪念，对.表示敬意 (3)in control of 控制 (4)in favor of 赞同 (5)in charge of 负责 (6)in search of 寻找 (7)in possession of 占有(8)in need of (=in want of)需要 v (9)in support of 支持 (10)in case of 万一 v (11)in place of 代替 (12) in face of 面对 v 7. set off 出发；动身；使爆炸v典例：(1). What time are you planning to set off tomorrow? 你打算明天几点钟启程?v (2). The terrorist set off a bomb in the city centre and killed six people. v 恐怖分子在市中心引爆了炸弹，杀害了六个人。v搭配：set off for a place 出发到某地set about doing sth开始（某工作）；着手做某事v set out 从某地出发上路set out to do sth. 开始做某事set sth up创立，建立v set sth aside 将某事物放在一边；（为某目的）节省或保留钱或时间 v 8.remind.of.使想起v搭配：remind sb.of sth.recall sth.to sb.使某人想起某事 remind sb.to do sth.提醒某人去做某事v remind sb.about sth.提醒某人某事 remind that-clause 提醒某人v运用 :1) This photo reminds me of my childhood. 这张照片让我想起了我的童年。v 2) You must remind him to take his medicine in case he forgets. 你要提醒他吃药，别让他忘了。v 3) Id like to remind you about your appointment tomorrow morning. 想提醒你明早你有一个约会。 【当堂检测】v 1.As usual,the 2014 New Years evening party _ on New Years Ever, which attracted almost all the Chinese. A. took up B.take in C. took over D. took placev 2.The child asked us to _ him for what had said. A.forgive B.fool C.apologize D.honourv 3.He promised to come yesterday,but he hasnt _ yet.v A.turned down B.turned over C.turned up D.turned toD A C v 4.The photos on the wall _ my mother of the happy, old days when a large family lived together.v A. inform B. approve C .remind D.retellv 5.Its said that a monument will be built _ the people who were killed in the big earthquake. A. in place of B.in favour of C.in memory of D.in celebration of v 6.We _ to paint the whole house but only the front part that day.v A.set about B. set up C.set out D.set downv 7.Everybody was touched _ words after they heard her moving story. v A.beyond B.without C.of D. In C B C A v 8.We dont doubt _ the boy can _ the angry teacher.v A.if ; apologize for B.whether; apologize for C.that; apologize to D.what ;apologizev 9.The local government are offering a _ of 10,000 dollars for any information helping find the murder of the couple. A.award B.reward C.wage D.prizev 10.-I think I should wear a dress instead of this jeans.v -Its just a small informal party,so you dont have to _. v A.warm up B.put up C.dress up D.keep up C BC Bye-bye
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