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Intelligent Lighting Control SystemAbstract: This paper describes the development of lighting control systems, intelligent lighting control system mainly System functions and applications are discussed.Key words: intelligent lighting control bus transfer protocol green energy1、IntroductionWith the continuous development of our economy, rapidly rising living standards, people working and living environment have become increasingly demanding, while the lighting system requirements have become more sophisticated, the traditional lighting technology has been a strong blow. On the one hand because of information technology and computer technology changes in lighting technology, providing technical support; the other hand, due to energy shortage, the state more and more attention on energy-saving lighting, new lighting control technology to develop rapidly to meet with By energy conservation, comfort, convenience requirements. Lighting control lighting control from the traditional manual method, automated lighting control to todays intelligent lighting control.Intelligent lighting control system is based on computer-controlled all-digital platform, modular, distributed bus control system, the central processor modules communicate directly through the network bus, the bus makes use of lighting, dimming, blinds, scene control to achieve intelligent, and become a complete bus system. Can be based on changes in the external environment in the device automatically adjust the status of the bus to reach safety, energy conservation, human effects, and can use in the future, in accordance with the requirements of users through the computer re- Way to increase or modify the systems functionality, without having to re-laying of cables, intelligent lighting control system, high reliability, flexible control, lighting control is the traditional way can not be done. 2.1 The basic components and monitoring the contents of the system 2.1.1 System components Intelligent lighting control system is usually dimmer module, switch module, input module, the control panel, liquid crystal display touch screen, smart sensors, PC interface, time management module, hand-held programmer, monitoring computer (need to bridge a large network connection) and other components composition. 1) The basic principle of the dimming module is a microprocessor (CPU) The size of the opening angle control SCR to control the average amplitude of the output voltage to adjust the brightness of light sources. 2) switch module is controlled by the power switch relay output to control light. 3) input module is to accept passive contact signals transmitted to the microprocessor via the bus. 4) The control panel is intuitive operation for control of lighting scenes were the parts, which is controlled by a microprocessor, can be programmed to complete a variety of different control requirements. Enter symbol identifying the microprocessor, after processing control information sent via the bus, to control the corresponding dimming of the light source module or switching module control the dimming or switch control. 5) The illumination of the sensor interface module for connection to detection, there is detection, motion detection and other sensors. 6) Time Management module control system with another device on the bus interface to automate tasks and time control. 2.1.2 Monitoring Contents 1) The central control system through the central station and the system software on the switch, dimming, clock, lighting, monitoring and management of the state. 2) switch control, by the central station, local control panel for lights for open, close control. 3) dimming control, by the central station, local control panel for lighting the illumination from zero to maximum control. 4) The time clock control system based on pre-set time for light to open and close control. 5) The astronomical clock control, enter the local latitude and longitude, the system automatically calculate the day of the sunset time, this time to control lighting according to the scene changes. 6) The scene control, through the central station, local control panel programming, lights were on, off, dimming control settings. 7) Remote control, remote control via hand-held control panel with infrared light for the region under the control turned off, dimming control. 8) The illumination system according to the illumination detection sensor detection data (light, light and dark), in accordance with the pre-set parameters to automatically turn on lights, turn off, dimming control. 9) exists, motion control, according to presence detection, motion detection sensors and other detection data, in accordance with the pre-set parameters to automatically turn on lights, turn off, dimming control. 10) joint control, through the input module receives the video security monitoring system, intrusion alarm systems, access control systems, automatic fire alarm system in the coordinated control signals to switch on the light source control or dimming control. 11) Remote control, lighting control through the Internet for remote monitoring and control system: including lighting box lighting system parameter setting changes; on the system to monitor the state of the scene illumination; state of the system to control lighting scenes. 12) Graphic control, users can use the electronic map function on the entire region for visual control of the lighting, the floor plan of the whole building can be entered into the system, and use different colors to represent the current state of the region. 2.2 Intelligent lighting control system data transmission In the international lighting control system data transmission network without uniform standards, the current way of the main twisted pair, power line carrier transmission and three types of radio frequency transmission. These three transmission data rates, reliability of transmission is quite different. 2.2.1 twisted-pair transmission To twisted pair transmission twisted pair transmission network for information, the laying of lines separately for new construction, expansion of the project. There are in this way The following advantages: 1) hardware and software protocol completely open, perfect, common good.2) lines at both ends of transformer isolation, immunity to interference, lightning protection performance. 3) transmission speed. 4) The system capacity is almost unlimited, the system will not increase the emergence of unexpected failures. 5) as an information transmission medium, a large number of sophisticated equipment for general use. 2.2.2 Power Line Carrier transmission Use of electric power line carrier transmission of information transmission network, without laying a single line for data transmission of the signals can be applied to new construction, expansion of the project, and especially for reconstruction projects. Power line carrier transmission in the current fluctuations due to power lines, data transfer rate and reliability of data transmission by a greater impact, reducing efficiency. When the monitoring equipment for a long time, no reliable data transmission may cause the system to a standstill. 2.2.3 Radio frequency transmission Radio frequency transmission of information using wireless radio transmission network as the system can not only satisfy the functional requirements, indoor no wiring, simple construction, can save the construction investment for new construction, expansion of the project, and especially for reconstruction project. RF operating frequency consistent with IEEE802.11b standards. 2.3 The scope of application of intelligent lighting control system Lighting control system can be incandescent, fluorescent, energy saving lamps, quartz lamps and other light dimming the lights on all occasions to control the environment to meet a variety of lighting requirements. 1) offices, schools, hospitals, factories and other places of the lighting system, using the time control system on the light on, turn off the automatic control, the use of illumination sensor that automatically adjusts the illumination, energy conservation. Can be the central monitoring and control system can be connected with the construction equipment. 2) Theatre, conference rooms, clubs and other places of use of system functions and dimming the scene switches can be easily converted a variety of lighting scenarios, multi-point control. Light source can be controlled through the system, air conditioning, electric fans, electric curtains, Canada Heater and other electrical equipment. 3) The venue sports venues match required by hierarchical control, large venue should be a single light control. 4) The municipal works, squares, parks and other outdoor public places, the group using the system control software can control lighting throughout the region, the use of illumination sensors, time switches to achieve lighting automation control, system monitoring software using intelligent lighting control. 5) areas where street lighting should be based on the geographical location and seasonal variation to determine a reasonable time to switch lights and the sky brightness changes according to the necessary amendments, the use of light control and time control of a combination of intelligent control. 6) Landscape lighting used in peacetime, the general holidays, major holidays and other control mode. 2.4 Application of intelligent lighting control system features 2.4.1 use of lighting control system, realization of the intelligent lighting control, lighting systems can run in automatic state. 1) The system will be pre-set to switch a number of basic working conditions, such as: day, night, security and clean, Weekend and lunch and, according to pre-set time automatically in the to switch between various working conditions. For example, work time comes, the system will automatically turn on the lights and the light intensity is automatically adjusted to the most appropriate level of staff. In the window Room, the system can intelligently use of outdoor natural light, when the weather was fine, automatically dimming interior lamp; weather and dark, indoor lamp auto light, to always maintain a constant brightness of room (at pre-set requirements of the brightness). 2) When the end of each working day, the system will automatically enter the evening work status, auto slow dimming the lights of the region; the same time, the system function will automatically detect the presence of force, so that no one in the office of the lights automatically turn off ; same time, there can guarantee detection of the office employees to work overtime at the appropriate brightness light. 3) The system of public corridors and staircases and other public areas of the light coordination, when the office has employees to work overtime, the staircases, corridors and other public areas to maintain the basic brightness of the lights, only when the person has completed all the post-office before the light transferred to the safe state or turned off. 4) manual control panel or remote control, free to change the illumination of the region. 5) For the reception hall, restaurant, conference rooms, lounges and entertainment venues, may be based on different times of day, different uses of the pre-set lighting scenes, use only the best call to pre-set lighting scenes, to desired visual effects. 2.4.2 maintain the consistency of illumination of new buildings into use, the illumination than the required high illumination. This is taken into account as time goes on, the efficiency of light reflection rate and room walls the sake of continued decay. If the designers in the early design of the standard illumination, then, not how long it will less than the standard room illumination, illumination not meet business requirements. It is because of the high illumination of this new design of the room, not only resulted in use of office space (or twice at intervals decoration) of the illumination inconsistency, and because of the high illumination unnecessary waste of energy. Use of lighting control systems, as can be intelligent dimming, though still high illumination design, but the system will be in accordance with the standard pre-set brightness to the office during the period in the use of constant illumination, without reducing the efficiency of lighting and wall reflection coefficient of attenuation. 2.4.3 create a good working environment, improve work efficiency in the office, with dimmable electronic ballasts for fluorescent lamps in the smart Under the control of lighting control system with the traditional fluorescent lighting systems have significant advantages compared to. Conventional fluorescent ballasts to 100Hz frequency flashing (2 times the grid frequency), this strobe enable staff to head swollen, eye fatigue and reduce work efficiency. The dimmable electronic ballasts are working in very high frequency (40kHz 70kHz), not only to overcome the flicker, but also to eliminate the starter when the brightness of the instability, provides a comfortable environment conducive to health, but also improve the efficiency. 2.4.4 create a good environment for good lighting design service is able to create a warm, comfortable environment, adding to its artistic charm. For example, the customers first impression of the hotel entrance to the lobby of the hotel reception area, elegant and unique light environment may give care Customers feel at home, add the goodwill of customers of the hotel, friendly and warm to attract a large number of customers; the banquet hall, function rooms such as the use light colors, and different shading intensity projection method can create three-dimensional, layered different color atmosphere, not only the guests have a comfortable living environment, but also to bring art to the guests to enjoy, so that people have the feeling linger. 2.4.5 Open Lighting control system can be integrated into the construction equipment through the network monitoring system (BAS), Building Management System (BMS), the realization of the unified management of the building. 2.5 Technical Analysis 2.5.1 Line Investment savings Intelligent lighting control system is a system through the control bus to the various input, output and system support unit connected, power cable directly received from the distribution cabinet lighting or other electrical load, and without going through the switch. Do not have to consider when installing any control relationship, and then installed in the system settings through the software code of each units address in order to establish relations between the corresponding control. Compared with the traditional control method saves a lot of the original receipt of the switch to cable, but also shorten the time of installation and construction, saving labor costs. 2.5.2 significant energy savings 1) Intelligent lighting control system can take advantage of smart sensor sensing outdoor light, automatic adjustment of light intensity, the outdoor light intensity, indoor lighting weaker; outdoor natural light is weak, the indoor lighting to strong, to keep the interior a constant standard of illumination, both to create the best work environment, but also to save energy. 2) Since the lighting control system, through sound management, the use of smart clock management devices according to different dates, different times of the various functional areas in accordance with the operation of pre-set for illumination, no light, to ensure the lights off; in In fact, the majority of cases, many areas do not need all the lights on or open to the brightest, lighting control systems can provide the most economical energy consumption the most comfortable lighting; in some public areas such as conference rooms, lounges, etc., the use of existing detection function When someone entered the lamp is lit or switch to a preset scene. 2.5.3 extend the source life is the cause of death in light damage to over-voltage grid. The higher voltage source, doubling its life reduced. Therefore, maintaining a suitable light source voltage is an effective way to extend lamp life. Lighting control system can successfully suppress the impact of power grid voltage and surge voltage, the light will not cause the premature failure of the above. Can also be determined by the system to artificially limit the voltage to improve the light source life. Extend the life of not only save a lot of light fixtures, but also significantly reduce the workload of replacement light source, effectively reducing the operating costs of lighting systems, light sources for the difficult and expensive to install area lighting also has a special significance. 2.5.4 improve management, reduce maintenance cost intelligent lighting control system, general lighting artificial opening and closing converted into intelligent management, will greatly reduce operation and maintenance costs of lighting systems, and return on investment. 3. Conclusion Intelligent lighting control system allows a high degree of flexibility in lighting solutions, the system put into use, will bring high-quality lighting environment, improve the level of intelligent management of the entire building, you can easily adjust the lighting system, both to meet the aesthetic and practical requirements, at the same time to reach the green energy saving targets. Therefore, the intelligent lighting control system will have broader application.智能照明控制系统摘 要： 本文介绍了照明控制系统的发展，主要对智能照明控制系统的功能和应用进行了论述。关键词： 智能 照明控制 总线 传输 协议 绿色 节能1. 引言随着我国经济的不断发展，人民生活水平迅速提高，人们对工作和生活环境的要求越来越高，同时对照明系统的要求也越来越高，传统的照明技术受到了强烈冲击。一方面由于信息技术和计算机技术的发展对照明技术的变化提供了技术支撑；另一方面，由于能源的紧缺，国家对照明节能越来越重视，新型的照明控制技术得以迅速发展，以满足使用者节约能源、舒适性、方便性的要求。照明控制方式从传统的手动照明控制方式、自动照明控制方式发展到现在的智能照明控制方式。智能照明控制系统是基于计算机控制平台的全数字、模块化、分布式总线型控制系统，中央处理器、模块之间通过网络总线直接通信，利用总线使照明、调光、百叶窗、场景控制等实现智能化，并成为一个完整的总线系统。可依据外部环境的变化自动调节总线中设备的状态，达到安全、节能、人性化的效果，并能在今后的使用中根据用户的要求通过计算机重新编程来增加或修改系统的功能，而无须重新敷设电缆，智能照明控制系统的可靠性高，控制灵活，是传统的照明控制方式所无法做到的。2.1 系统基本组成及监控内容2.1.1 系统组成智能照明控制系统通常由调光模块、开关模块、输入模块、控制面板、液晶显示触摸屏、智能传感器、PC 接口、时间管理模块、手持式编程器、监控计算机（大型网络需网桥连接）等部件组成。1） 调光模块的基本原理是由微处理器（CPU）控制可控硅的开启角大小，从而控制输出电压的平均幅值去调节光源的亮度。2） 开关模块是由继电器输出控制电源的开关，从而控制光源。3） 输入模块是接受无源接点信号，通过总线传输给微处理器。4） 控制面板是供人直观操作控制灯光场景的部件，它是由微处理器进行控制的，可以通过编程完成各种不同的控制要求。微处理器识别输入键符，进行处理后通过总线发出控制信息，去控制相应的调光模块或开关模块对光源进行调光控制或开关控制。5）传感器接口模块用于连接照度探测、存在探测、移动探测等传感器。6）时间管理模块能与控制系统总线上的设备互相接口，实现自动化任务和时间控制。2.1.2 监控内容1）中央控制，通过中央站以及系统软件实现对整个系统的开关、调光、时针、灯光状态的进行监控及管理。2）开关控制，可以由中央站、就地控制面板对灯光进行开启、关闭控制。3）调光控制，可以由中央站、就地控制面板对灯光进行从照度零到最大的控制。4）定时时钟控制，系统根据预先设定的时间对灯光进行开启、关闭控制。5）天文时钟控制，输入当地的经纬度，系统自动推算出当天的日落时间，根据此时间来控制照明场景的变化。6）场景控制，可以通过中央站、就地控制面板进行编程，对灯光进行开启、关闭、调光控制的设置。7）遥控控制，可以通过手持遥控器对设有红外线控制面板所控制区域的灯光进行开启、关闭、调光控制。8）照度控制，根据照度探测传感器的探测数据（光线明、暗），按照预先设定的参数自动对灯光进行开启、关闭、调光控制。9）存在、移动控制，根据存在探测、移动探测等传感器的探测数据，按照预先设定的参数自动对灯光进行开启、关闭、调光控制。10）联动控制，通过输入模块接收视频安防监控系统、入侵报警系统、出入口控制系统、火灾自动报警系统的联动控制信号，对光源进行开关控制或调光控制。11）远程控制，可以通过Internet 对照明控制系统进行远程监控：包括对系统中照明箱照明参数的设定修改；对系统的场景照明状态进行监视；对系统的场景照明状态进行控制。12 ）图示化控制，用户可以使用电子地图功能对整个区域的照明进行直观的控制，可将整个建筑物的平面图输入系统中，并用不同的颜色来表示该区域当前的状态。2.2 智能照明控制系统数据传输方式在国际上照明设施控制系统数据的传输网络无统一的标准，目前主要有双绞线传输方式、电力载波传输方式和无线射频传输方式三种类型。这三种传输方式的数据传输速率、传输的可靠程度有较大区别。2.2.1 双绞线传输方式双绞线传输方式以双绞线为信息传输网，需单独敷设线路，适用于新建、扩建的工程。此方式主要有以下优点：1） 软硬件协议完全开放、完善，通用性好。2）线路两端变压器隔离，抗干扰性强，防雷性能好。3）传输速度快。4）系统容量几乎不受限制，不会因系统增大而出现不可预料的故障。5）作为信息传输介质，有大量成熟的通用设备可以选用。2.2.2 电力载波传输方式电力载波传输方式利用电力线为信息传输网，不用单独敷设线路就可实现数据信号的传输适用于新建、扩建的工程，且特别适用于改造的工程。电力载波传输方式由于电力线中电流波动，数据传输速率及数据传输的可靠性受到较大影响、效率降低。当监控设备多时，数据传输的不可靠可能会导致系统瘫痪。2.2.3 无线射频传输方式无线射频传输方式利用无线射频作为信息传输网，该系统不仅在功能上能完全满足要求，室内无需布线，施工简单，可以节省施工的投资，适用于新建、扩建的工程，且特别适用于改造的工程。无线射频的工作频率符合IEEE802.11b 标准要求。2.3 智能照明控制系统适用范围照明控制系统可以对白炽灯、日光灯、节能灯、石英灯等多种光源调光，对各种场合的灯光进行控制，满足各种环境对照明的要求。
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