初二上语法总复习

U1-Grammar P7-8some肯定和 any否定/疑问+ 可数名词复数/ 不可数名词somebody, anybody和nobody 不定代词 some和any意思都是“一些”。都可以用来修饰不可数名词和可数名词的复数。具体用法如下：（1）some一般用于肯定句中如：There is some milk in the glass. 杯子里有一些牛奶。（2）any一般用于否定句和疑问句中如：Do you have any friends here? 你在这里有朋友吗？（3）some有时也用于疑问句中，但一般表示征求对方意见并希望得到肯定的回答，或者是提建议。如：Why not have some milk? 为什么不喝点牛奶呢？ some和any意思都是“一些”。都可以用来修饰不可数名词和可数名词的复数。具体用法如下：（4）any 用在有hardly几乎不, never从不, seldom极少(具有否定意义的词）的肯定句中 1. -Did you see _ in the classroom? -No, I saw _ in the classroom. A. someoneanybody B. anyonenobody C. someonesomebody D. anyoneanybody 2. There is not _ in the box. A. something B. nothing C. anything D. anybody 3. Would you like _ coffee? A. any B. no C. some D. somethingBC C 4. -Is _ here? -Yes, I am here. A. anybody B. some C. everybody D. nobody 5. I knocked on the door but _answered. A. somebody B. nobody C. anybody D. someone6. There was not _in the room, so the thief stole all the money there easily. A. no one B. nobody C. anybody D. something7. Somebody _ singing in the room.A. are B. is C. be D. amA BCB 8. -Do you have _ to say? -No, I dont. A. anything B. anyone C. nothing D. someone9. I couldnt meet_on the island, so I had no one to talk with. A. nothing B. anybody C. something D. nobody10. Peter, would you like_cookies? Yes, Mom. I am hungry. A. any B. anything C. something D. someAB D U2-Grammar P25基数词和序数词加减乘除 写出基数词1-10序数词第1-第10one two three four fivesix seven eight nine tenfirst second third fourth fifthsixth seventh eighth ninth tenth 3 plus 9 equals/is12. (3+9=12)9 minus 3 equals/is 6. (9-3=6 )3 multiplied by 9 equals/is 27. (3x9=27)9 divided by 3 equals/is 3. (93=3)Add 3 and 9. (3+9)Subtract 3 from 9.(9-3) Multiply 3 by 9. (3x9)Divide 9 by 3. (93) Things to rememberPlus and minus are prepositions. U3-Grammar形容词比较级和最高级 Summary 原形比较级最高级tall taller tallestnice nicer nicestbig bigger biggesteasy easier easiestclever cleverer cleverest单音节词和少数双音节词尾加er/est变为比较级/最高级 Summary 原形比较级最高级interesting more interesting most interestingcareful more careful most carefulslowly more slowly most slowly多音节词和一些双音节在词前加more/most变为比较级/最高级 拓展 1. A is + adj.+er +than B .(两者）Jim is taller than Mike. 2. 比较级前面可以有much,a little, a lot, even等修饰语Jim is much taller than Mike. 3.数量+比较级+thanJim is 10cm taller than Mike. 拓展 4.比较级+比较级，表示 “越来越” hotter and hotter more and more beautiful 5. the+比较级，the+比较级 表示 “越就越” The harder you work, the better you will be. 1. A is the adj.+est of / in .（三者或三者以上） Jim is the tallest boy in Class 3. = Jim is taller than the other boys in Class 3. = Jim is taller than any other boy in Class 3.拓展 2. the + 序数词 + 形容词最高级 + 名词 + in/of 表示“第几最” Mike is the second tallest boy in Class 3. 3. one of + the+形容词最高级+名词复数+in/of 表示“最之一” Jim is one of the tallest boys in Class 3.拓展 U4-Grammargood, bad, far的比较级和最高级asas 的用法 Summary 原形比较级最高级good/well better bestbad/badly/ill worse worstmany/much more mostlittle less leastold 年长的，老的，旧的older oldestold 年长的elder eldestfar 远的farther farthestfar 更加further furthest 1. as as 中间用原级；肯定，否定 No one is as tall as Lucy in the class. 2. 否定：not asas not so as The weather is not as cold as yesterday. The weather is not so cold as yesterday.拓展 U5-6 Grammar现在完成时 already, yet, ever, never, since for, so far, just现在完成时和一般过去时的区别 ago, yesterday结构：have/ has + Vpp过去分词 肯定句：already 已经否定/疑问句（句末）yet 还没疑问句（句中）ever 曾经肯定句中表示否定：never 从不 如：for + 一段时间， since +时间点， since +一段时间+ ago， since + 从句(从句用一般过去时)。1)I have taught in this school for 5 years.2)His father has worked in that factory since 1991. have / has been to , have / has been in 与have / has gone to 的区别:have / has been to表示“去过(某地)” ，人已回来，是说话以前的动作。have / has been in表示“在某地有一段时间，并且仍在某地” 。have / has gone to表示“已去某地”, 人已离开, 不在说话现场, 所以这一结构只用于第三人称(he , she, they,人名)。 选择填空:1.We _ each other since 1980. A. know B. knew C. have knew D. have known2. My aunt _ a letter from my brother just now. A. received B. receive C. receives D. has received3. -Have you ever been to England? -Yes, I _ last spring.A. was B. have been C. have gone D. wentD AD 4.It is three years since we _ last. A. meet B. have met C. met D. meted5.I _ from him for a long time. When _ you _ his letter last time? A. didnt hear, did, receive B. havent heard, have, received C. didnt hear, have, received D. havent heard, did, receiveCD 6.We _ that house in 1990. We _ there for over ten years. A. built, lived B. built, have lived C. have built, have lived D. have built, lived7. My uncle _ the Party in 1978. He _ for over 16 years. A. joinedhas joined the Party B. joinedhas been a Party member C. has joinedhas been the Party D. has joinedhas been in the PartyBB 8. Peter _ the bicycle for half a year. A. had had B. has bought C. has had D. bought9. -Has the film already begun? -Yes, it _ for five minutes. A. has begun B. has been on C. began D. was on10. Peters mother _ three years ago. She _ for three years. A. died, died B. has died, has died C. died, has died D. died, has been deadC B D U7 GrammarIf 从句 现在完成时和一般过去时的区别 ago, yesterday If you put salt into water, it disappears. 从现主现