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Unit 2 Working the Land Using languageReading First readingRead the passage , then find out the main idea of each paragraph.Para 1: Para 2:Para 3: What is organic farming?Farmers prefer natural waste from animals.Farmers change crops every two or three years. Second reading Read the text again and answer the following questions:1.What is organic farming?2.What problems are caused by using chemical fertilizers?3.Why do organic farmers grow peas or soybeans after corn or wheat? 1.What is organic farming?Organic farming means growing crops without chemical fertilizers. 2.What problems are caused by using chemical fertilizers?There are three problems.First, chemical fertilizers affect the soil and the water supply badly.Second, they allow farmers to grow the same crop year after year and exhaust the soil.Third, they kill both helpful and harmful pests. Farmers grow peas or soybeans after corn or wheat so that peas and beans can put minerals back into the soil, making it rich and healthy and ready to grow more wheat or corn.3.Why do organic farmers grow peas or soybeans after corn or wheat? Third reading Read the text again, and fill in the following forms. Advantages of organic farming2. The soil is not exhausted.3. They use the soil to best advantage.1. Farmers use natural waste from animals. 2. Peas and soybeans renew the minerals in the soil becomes rich and healthy.3. They plant crops that need surface soil and next crops that grow at a deeper level. So the wind and water doesn t carry away the soil. All the richness of the soil is used.Reasons1. This makes the soil richer in minerals and so more fertile. What is the disadvantage of using chemical fertilizers?1.Leaving chemicals in the ground for a long time is not good for the soil or the water supply.2.Farmer often grow the same crop year after.As a result, the soil gets exhausted.3.Chemical fertilizers kill both helpful and harmful bacteria and pests. Retelling Retell the text according to the chart:Organic farmingI.Crops growing with natural fertilizers.II.Farmers prefer natural waste from animals.Natural fertilizer Chemical fertilizer1. makericher and more fertile2. reduceand helpstrong3. the fertilizers killand healthy4. keep freefrom chemicals 1. leavingis not good2. growyear after year III. Farmers change crops every two or three years. to make sure what is left 1. What made Jia Sixie become interested in improving Chinese farming? He saw how some farms produced good crops and healthy animals and others did not.Read the passage on Page 51, then finish the exercises on Page 52.2. How did he think he could help farmers? He thought that when he found the best agricultural methods he would write them dawn so all farmers. Advice for farmersKeeping seedsChoosing seeds to plant hang seed-heads up to dry all winter, knock seeds out when they are sownchoose ones with the best colour3. What advice did he give farmers? Make notes in the chart. Advice for farmersWay to get rid of weeds(1)Way to get rid of weeds(2) let animals eat them before planting turn the soil over and cover so the weeds die. Advice for farmersAutumn plantingSpring ploughingCrops deep ploughing less deep ploughingchange crops grown in the same field every year. Listening If you want to plant some crops, what kind of fertilizer will you use? Why?Listening I 1. Listen to the passage for twice, then finish the chart in Ex. 1 on Page 14. Farming practices Mr Jones farm Mr Smiths farmCrops grownfertilizerOther plant nutritionResults Carrots, cucumbers, pumpkins Carrots, cucumbers, pumpkinschemical naturalwater waterempty inside Solid and healthy inside 2. Listen to the tape for the third time and try to find the answers for Ex. 2 and Ex. 3 on Page 15, then check the answers.Suggested answer to Ex.2:The results from the two farms are so different because the healthy soil from Mr Smiths farm helped his plants fight the disease and grow healthily. Suggested answer to Ex.3:Summary D is the correct answer. Assignment Try to correct the poster. Finish the exercises on workbook.
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