人教版《英语选修8》(普通高中课程标准实验教科书)

人教版英语选修8(普通高中课程标准实验教科书) 单元词汇、音标、词义。Unit 1California/klif:nj/n.加利福尼亚Californian/klif:njn/n.adj.加利福尼亚(州)人(的)illustrate/ilstreit/vt.说明；阐明distinct/distikt/adj.清晰的；明显的；明确的distinction/distikn/n.差别；区分；卓著immigrant/imigrnt/n.移民live on继续存在；继续生存strait/streit/n.海峡Bering Straitn.白令海峡Arctic/:ktik/adj.北极的；北极区的the Arctic北极means/mi:nz/n.手段；方法by means of.用.办法；借助.prehistoric/pri:hist:rik/adj.史前的majority/mdriti/n.大多数；大半ministry/ministri/n.(政府的)部；(全体)牧师Catholic/klik/adj.天主教的 n.天主教徒Alaska/lsk/n.阿拉斯加(州)San Francisco圣弗兰西斯科(旧金山)adventurer/dventr/n.冒险家make a life习惯于新的生活方式、工作等despite/dispait/prep.尽管；不管hardship/h:dip/n.苦难；困苦elect/ilekt/vt.选择；决定做某事；选举某人federal/fedrl/adj.联邦制的；联邦政府的rail/reil/n.铁路；扶手；横条percentage/psentid/n.百分比；百分率Los Angeles洛杉机Italy/itli/n.意大利Italian/itljn/n.意大利人；意大利语 adj.意大利人的；意大利语的Denmark/denm:k/n.丹麦keep up坚持；维持；沿袭Hollywood/hliwud/n.好莱坞；美国电影业boom/bu:m/n.繁荣 vt.处于经济迅速发展时期aircraft/kr:ft/n.飞行器；航空器；飞机Cambodian/kmboudin/n.柬埔寨人；柬埔寨语KoreaKorean/kouri:n/n.韩国/朝鲜人；韩/朝鲜语 adj.韩国(人/语)的；朝鲜(人/语)的Pakistan/p:kist:n/n.巴基斯坦Pakistani/p:kist:ni/adj.巴基斯坦(人)的 n.巴基斯坦人immigrate/imigreit/vi.移入immigration/imigrein/n.移民；移居入境racial/reil/adj.人种的；种族的crossing/krsi/n.横渡；横越；十字路口；人行横道vice/vais/n.adj.代理；副职nephew/nevju:/n.侄子；外甥pole/pul/n.地极；电极；磁极applicant/pliknt/n.申请人customsn.海关；关税；进口税socialist/sulist/n.社会主义者；社会党人 adj.社会主义者的socialism/sulizm/n.社会主义occur/k:/vi.发生；出现cattle/ktl/n.牛Hispanic/hispnik/n.讲西班牙语的美国人indicate/indikeit/vt.指出；标示；表明；暗示back to backn.背靠背luggage/lgid/n.行李shave/eiv/vt.vi.刮；剃cable/keibl/n.缆绳；绳索；电缆cable car缆车；有轨缆车Andrew Hallidie安德鲁.哈利迪tramn.(有轨)电车apparent/prnt/adj.显而易见的；显然的；表面上的apparently/prntli/adv.显然地；显而易见地brake/breik/n.闸；刹车；制动器 vi.vt.刹(车)；用制动器减速conductor/kndkt/n.售票员；列车员；(乐队)指挥slip/slip/vi.滑动；滑行；滑跤 n.滑动；滑倒wharf/w:f/n.码头bakery/beikri/n.面包房；面包厂ferry/feri/n.渡船；渡口 vt.摆渡；渡运Angel Island天使岛team up with与.合作或一起工作hire/hai/vt.n.租用；雇用fascinating/fsineiti/adj.迷人的；吸引人的mark out画限；标出.界线seagulln.海鸥take in包括；吸收angle/gl/n.角；角度a great many许多；很多a good many许多；很多apply for申请；请示得到nowhere/nuhw/adv.无处；到处都无miserable/mizrbl/adj.痛苦的；悲惨的punishment/pnimnt/n.处罚；惩罚justice/dstis/n.正义；公平mourn/m:n/vi.vt.哀悼；悼念；表示悲痛civil/sivl/adj.公民的；国内的；民间的authority/:riti/n.权威；权力 (pl.)当局；官方reform/rif:m/vt.vi.改革；革新 n.改革；改造；改良grasp/gr:sp/vt.n.抓住；抓紧；掌握；领会thoughtful/:tful/adj.关切的；体贴的；深思的thankful/kful/adj.感激的；感谢的insert/ins:t, ins:t/vt.插入；嵌入Unit 2differ/dif/vi.不同；相异exact/igzkt/adj.精确的；准确的cutting/kti/n.剪枝；剪报；剪报twin/twin/n.双胞胎之一；孪生儿之一 adj.成对的；成双的identical/aidentikl/adj.同一的；一模一样的commercial/km:l/adj.商业的；贸易的straightforward/streitf:wd/adj.简单的；直接的；坦率的complicated/kmplikeitid/adj.复杂的；难懂的undertake/ndteik/vt.着手；从事；承担pay off得到好结果；取得成功；偿清breakthrough/breikru:/n.突破procedure/prsi:d/n.程序；步骤；手续nucleus/nju:klis/n.(原子)核；中心somatic/soumtik/adj.躯体的；肉体的；细胞体的embryo/embriu/n.胚；胚胎；萌芽时期carrier/kri/n.携带者；搬运工；运输工具cast/k:st/vt.扔；投；掷cast down沮丧；不愉快altogether/:ltge/adv.总共；完全地arbitrary/:bitrri/adj.任意的fate/feit/n.命运；天命correction/krekn/n.改正；纠正；修正object/bdikt bdekt/vi.反对；不赞成objection/bdekn/n.不赞成；反对；异议impact/impkt/n.撞击；冲击；巨大的影响medium/mi:djm/n.媒介；手段；工具the media大众传播媒体obtain/btein/vt.获得；赢得attain/tein/vt.获得；到达moral/mrl/adj.道德(上)的；伦理的conservative/kns:vtiv/adj.保守的；守旧的forbid/fbid/vt.禁止；不准accumulate/kju:mjuleit/vt.vi.积累；聚积in favour of赞成；支持side roadn.旁路；支线；岔道constitution/knstitju:n/n.宪法；章程compulsory/kmplsri/adj.必须做的；义务的；强迫的；强制的opera/pr/n.歌剧；歌剧团；歌剧院chorus/k:rs/n.合唱；合唱队loaf/luf/n.一条(面包)flour/flau/n.面粉owe/u/vt.欠；归功于.shortly/:tli/adv.立刻；不久retire/ritai/vi.退休；离开bother/b/vt.打扰 vi.操心 n.烦扰(be) bound to (do).一定或注定(做).assumption/smpn/n.假定；设想regulation/regjulein/n.规则；规章；法规nonsense/nnsns/n.胡说；无稽之谈；废话popularity/ppjulriti/n.受人喜爱；流行Jurassic Park侏罗纪公园strike/straik/vt.vi.打；撞击；罢工 n.罢工strike.into ones heart /使.刻骨铭心bison/baisn/n.北美或欧洲野牛calf/k:f/n.小牛；牛犊from time to time不时；偶尔bring back to life使复生；使复活initial/inil/adj.最初的；开始的DNAn.脱氧核糖核酸vain/vein/adj.虚荣的；自负的；徒劳的in vain白费力气；枉费心机resist/rizist/vt.抵抗；对抗drawback/dr:bk/n.缺点；不利条件merely/mili/adv.仅；只；不过restore/rist:/vt.恢复；使恢复原状；重建aurochs/:rks/n.原牛decoration/dekrein/n.装饰unable/neibl/adj.不能的；不会的greak aukn.大海雀feather/fe/n.羽毛quagga/kwg/n.白氏斑马fairly/fli/adv.公平地；相当地in good condition状况很好；情况很好in poor condition状况很坏；情况很坏turkey/t:ki/n.火鸡dye/dai/vt.给.染色；染 n.染色剂claw/kl:/n.爪；脚爪adore/d:/v.崇拜；爱慕；喜爱hatch/ht/vt.vi.孵出；孵卵；孵化reasonable/ri:znbl/adj.合情合理的；讲道理的；公道的Unit 3amphibious/mfibis/adj.两栖(类)的George Stephenson乔治.斯蒂芬森patent/peitnt/n.专利证书；专利权call up给.打电话courtyard/k:tj:d/n.院子；庭院；天井now and then偶而；有时walnut/w:lnt/n.胡桃；胡桃木distinguish/distigwi/vt.vi.显示.的差别；使.有所不同；辨别merciful/m:siful/adj.宽大的；仁慈的；慈悲的product/prdkt/n.产品powder/paud/n.粉末；火药set about开始；着手perfume/p:fju:m, p:fju:m/n.香水；香味stainless/steinlis/adj.无锈的；不锈的；没有污点的jelly/deli/n.果冻；果冻状物cube/kju:b/n.立方体；立方cubic/kju:bik/adj.立方的abrupt/brpt/adj.突然的；意外的abruptly/brptli/adv.突然地；唐突的convenient/knvi:njnt/adj.便利的；方便的；就近的caution/k:n/n.小心；谨慎expectation/ekspektein/n.预料；期待；期望passive/psiv/adj.被动的；消极的；被动语态的merry/meri/adj.愉快的；高兴的merrily/merili/adv.愉快地；高兴地seize/si:z/vt.抓住；捉住；夺recognition/rekgnin/n.认出；认可；承认criterion/kraitirin/n.标准；尺度claim/kleim/n.vt.要求；声称；主张valid/vlid/adj.有效的；确凿的file/fail/n.文件；档案；文件夹 vt.提交；将归档ripe/raip/adj.熟的；成熟的string/stri/n.线；绳子；一串glue/glu:/n.胶；胶水 vt.粘贴；粘合rod/rd/n.杆；棒freezing/fri:zi/adj.冰冻的；寒冷的greengrocer/gri:ngrus/n.蔬菜水果商；蔬菜水果店identification/aidentifikein/n.鉴定；辨认；确定；身份证明directory/direktri/n.电话簿；商行名录dial/dail/vt.拨(电话)rainfall/reinf:l/n.降雨courtroom/k:trum/n. 法庭；审判室innocent/insnt/adj.清白的；无罪的；天真的lantern/lntn/n.灯笼；提灯bear/b/vt.忍受；忍耐；负担jam/dm/n.堵塞；阻塞；果酱Alexander Graham Belln.亚历山大.格雷厄姆.贝尔microphone/maikrfun/n.麦克风；话筒forehead/frid, f:hed/n.额头beaten trackn.被踩出来的路；常规；惯例occasionally/keinli/adv.偶然地；不时地dive intov.迅速把手伸入；一心投入dynamic/dainmik/adj.充满有活力的；精力充沛的；动态的；发展变化的set out (to do)开始(做)multiple/mltipl/adj.多种的；多样的；多类型的 n.倍数Morse/m:s/n.莫尔斯电码dot/dt/n.点；小圆点 vt.以小圆点标出；分散tap/tp/vt.vi.轻打；轻拍；轻敲 n.轻轻地敲击(声)；(水)龙头wire/wai/n.金属线；电线straw/str:/n.稻草；麦秆；饮料吸管reproduce/ri:prdju:s/vt.复制；再现.的形象或声音current/krnt/n.流；电流 adj.现在的；当前的helicopter/helikpt/n.直升飞机triangle/traingl/n.三角形；三角形物体tetrahedron/tetrhi:drn/n.四面体stable/steibl/adj.稳固的；稳定的；安定的invaluable/invljubl/adj.无价的；极宝贵的associate/suieit/vi.联想；联系 n.同伴；伙伴practical/prktikl/adj.实际的；实践的；实用的James Dyson詹姆斯.戴森refrigerator/rifridreit/n.冰箱court/k:t/n.法庭；法院；朝廷extension/ikstenn/n.电话分机；扩大；延伸hang on不挂断；稍等；紧紧握住out of order次序颠倒；发生故障get through设法联系上；做完；通过ring back回复电话ring off挂断电话version/v:n/n.版本；译本competence/kmpitns/n.能力；胜任；本领competent/kmpitnt/adj.能胜任的；有能力的；称职的jeep/di:p/n.吉普车personnel/p:snel/n.人力资源；人事部；全体人员Unit 4Pygmalion/pigmeiljn/n.皮格马利翁George Bernard Shaw乔治.伯纳德.萧adaptation/dptein/n.适应(性)；改编本classic/klsik/adj.经典的；第一流的 n.经典著作caption/kpn/n.说明文字；字幕；标题；题目plot/plt/n.情节；阴谋professor/prfes/n.教授Higgins希金斯phonetics/funtiks/n.语音学colonel/k:nl/n.上校Pickering皮克林fateful/feitful/adj.重要的；决定性的；命中注定的whistle/wisl/vi.吹口哨；发出汽笛声 n.口哨声；汽笛声garment/g:mnt/n.衣服；服装woolen/wulin/adj.毛纺的；纯毛的hesitate/heziteit/vi.犹豫；踌躇uncomfortable/nkmftbl/adj.不舒服的；不安的；不自在的uncomfortablyadv.不舒服地；不自在地troublesome/trblsm/adj.带来麻烦的；使人心烦的wallet/wlit/n.皮夹；钱包outcome/autkm/n.结果；效果thief/i:f/n.小偷；贼handkerchief/hktif/n.手帕；手绢；纸巾disguise/disgaiz/vt.伪装；假扮；遮掩 n.伪装in disguise伪装(的)；假扮(的)mistaken/misteikn/adj.错误的；不正确的brilliant/briljnt/adj.光辉灿烂的；杰出的；才华横溢的classify/klsifai/vt.编排；分类；归类remark/rim:k/n.谈论；言论；评述 vi.vt.谈论；评论；说起betray/bitrei/vt.显露出；背叛upper/p/adj.较高的；级别较高的extraordinary/ikstr:dinri/adj.不同寻常的；非凡的condemn/kndem/vt.谴责；使.注定gutter/gt/n.排水沟；阴沟；贫民区properly/prpli/adv.适当地；恰当地pass.off as.改变或冒充成.duchess/dtis/n.公爵夫人；女公爵ambassador/mbsd/n.大使；使节acquaintance/kweintns/n.相识；了解；熟人make ones acquaintance /结识；与.相见handful/hndful/n.一把；少量amazement/meizmnt/n.惊讶；惊愕in amazement震惊；惊讶fortune/f:tn/n.机会；运气；大笔的钱authentic/:entik/adj.真实的；真正的；可信的；可靠的generally speakingadv.一般来说status/steits/n.身份；地位；职位superior/sju:piri/adj.优秀的；较高的；上级的 n.上级；长官in terms of就.来说；从.角度disapprove/dispru:v/vt.vi.不赞成；反对；认为不好rob/rb/vt.抢劫；盗窃；剥夺antique/nti:k/adj.古时的；珍贵的 n.文物；古董；古玩musical/mju:zikl/adj.音乐的；喜爱音乐的 n.音乐喜剧stocking/stki/n.长袜believer/bili:v/n.信徒；教徒Buddhism/budizm/n.佛教Buddhist/budist/n.佛教徒 adj.佛教的Buddha/bud/n.佛vowel/vaul/n.元音；元音字母Pearce皮尔斯cookie/kuki/n.饼干teapot/ti:pt/n.茶壶cream/kri:m/n.奶油；面霜nail/neil/n.钉子；指甲show.in带或领.进来wax/wks/n.蜡；蜜蜡 vt.上蜡disk/disk/n.磁盘wax disk旧式唱片shabby/bi/adj.破旧的；寒酸的curtsy/k:tsi/vi.行屈膝礼 n.屈膝礼shilling/ili/n.先令(英国银币)referee/refri:/n.裁判员；仲裁者compromise/kmprmaiz/n.vi.妥协；折衷horrible/hrbl/adj.可怕的；恐怖的laundry/l:ndri/n.洗衣店；洗衣房；(待洗的或洗好的)衣服bathtub/btb/n.浴缸；澡盆sob/sb/v.啜泣；抽噎 n.啜泣(声)；抽噎(声)waist/weist/n.腰；腰部；腰围vest/vest/n.背心；内衣disgustingadj.使人反感的；令人厌恶的once more再一次in need of需要.heartily/h:tili/adv.尽情地；热心地；痛快地overlook/uvluk/vt.俯视；忽视；不理会alphabet/lfbit/n.字母表effective/ifektiv/adj.有效的fade/feid/vi.褪色；减弱；逐渐消失fade outv.逐渐模糊；渐淡Unit 5identify/aidentifai/vt.确认；识别；鉴别alternative/:lt:ntiv/n.可能的选择 adj.供选择的；其他的archaeology/:kildi/n.考古学archaeological/:kildikl/adj.考古学的；与考古学有关的archaeologist/:kildist/n.考古学家starvation/st:vein/n.挨饿；饿死tentative/tenttiv/adj.试探性的；不确定的accuracy/kjursi/n.精确；准确excavate/ekskveit/v.挖掘；发掘excavation/ekskvein/n. 挖掘，发掘interrupt/intrpt/vt.打断.讲话；打岔；暂时中断或中止acute/kju:t/adj.有观察力的；敏锐的；严重的；深刻的assume/sju:m/vt.假定；设想regardless/rig:dlis/adv.不管；不顾regardless of不管；不顾mat/mt/n.席子；垫子quilt/kwilt/n.被子；棉被beast/bi:st/n.野兽at most最多，至多centimetren.厘米sharpen/:pn/vt.vi.(使)锋利；尖锐；清晰sharpener/:pn/n.磨具；削具cut up切碎scrape/skreip/vt.擦净；削平；磨光scraper/skreip/n.刮刀；刮削器ample/mpl/adj.足够的；充足的；富裕的messy/mesi/adj.凌乱的；脏的primitive/primitiv/adj.原始的；远古的；简陋的bead/bi:d/n.小珠子；滴botany/btni/n.植物学botanical/btnikl/adj.植物学的；与植物学有关的analysis/nlsis/n.分析seashell/si:el/n.海贝壳ripen/raipn/v.使.成熟；成熟category/ktigri/n.种类；类别；范畴significance/signifikns/n.意义；意思；重要性；重要意义somehow/smhau/adv.以.方式；不知怎么地systematic/sistimtik/adj.有系统的；有计划的；有条理的spit/spit/vi.吐出 vi.吐痰delete/dili:t/vt.删；删除album/lbm/n.相册；集邮册；唱片scratch/skrt/n.痕迹；搔；挠 vt.搔；抓；擦伤；刮坏academy/kdmi/n.学院；学会；学术团体；院校receptionist/risepnist/n.接待员；招待员onion/njn/n.洋葱kindergarten/kindg:tn/n.幼儿园skateboardn.滑板fed up with受够了；饱受；厌烦yogurt/jgt/n.酸奶酪；酸奶radioactive/reidiuktiv/adj.放射性的；有辐射能的radioactivity/reidiuktiviti/n.放射性division/divin/n.分割；划分；分配；分界线BCn.公元前melon/meln/n.瓜wrinkle/rikl/n.皱纹pulse/pls/vi.强烈而有规律地跳动；搏动 n.脉搏；节拍vein/vein/n.血管；静脉applaud/pl:d/vi.vt.鼓掌欢迎；赞赏look aheadv.向前看；为将来打算howl/haul/v.嗥叫；叫喊；吼叫accelerate/kselreit/vt.加速；促进spear/spi/n.矛；枪arrest/rest/vt.逮捕；吸引 n.逮捕；拘留dizzy/dizi/adj.眩晕的；昏乱的；使人发晕或困惑的eyebrow/aibrau/n.眉毛cheekbonen.颧骨arrowhead/rouhed/n.箭头axen.斧；斧子hammer/hm/n.铁锤；锤子gay/gei/adj.快乐的；欢快的gaily/geili/adv.快乐地；轻松地skilful/skilful/adj.有技巧的；熟练的date back追溯到punctuation/pktjueien/n.标点符号worship/w:ip/vt.崇拜；敬奉 n.崇拜；敬神craftsmanshipn.技艺；手艺；精工细作