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冠词概述/冠词是虚词，本身不能单独使用，也没有词义，它用在名词的前面，帮助指明名词的含义。冠词分为不定冠词和定冠词两种。不定冠词仅用在单数可数名词前面，表示“一”的意义，但不强调数目观念，只表示名词为不特定者。定冠词则表示名词为特定者，表示“这”，“那”，“这些”，“那些”的意思，在可数的单复数名词或不可数名词前面都可以用。a和an的区别/不定冠词有a和an两种形式，a用于辅音(不是辅音字母)开头的词前，an用于元音(不是元音字母)开头的词前。例如：a boy，a university，a european country；an hour，an honour，an island，an elephant，an umbrella不定冠词的用法/1、泛指某一类人、事或物；相当于any，这是不定冠词a/an的基本用法。2、泛指某人或某物，但不具体说明何人或何物。3、表示数量，有“一”的意思，但数的概念没有one强烈。4、表示“每一”，相当于every. 例如：i go to school five days a week.我一周上五天课。5、用在序数词前，表示“又一”，“再一”。例如：i have three books. i want to buy a fourth one.我已经有三本书，我想买第四本。6、用在某些固定词组中：a lot(of)许多，大量；after a while过一会儿定冠词的用法/1、特指某(些)人或某(些)物，这是定冠词的基本用法。2、指谈话双方都知道的人或事物。例如：open the window，please.请打开窗户。3、指上文已经提到的人或事物。例如：i have a car. the car is red.我有一辆小汽车，它是红色的。4、指世界上独一无二的事物。例如：which is bigger，the sun or the earth？哪一个大，太阳还是地球？5、用在序数词，形容词最高级前。例如：the first lesson is the easiest one in this book.第一课是这本书最简单的一课。6、用在由普通名词构成的专有名词前。例如，the great wall 长城，the united states美国7、用在某些形容词前，表示某一类人。例如:the poor穷人,the blind盲人8、用在姓氏复数形式前，表示“全家人”或“夫妻俩”。例如：the greens 格林一家或格林夫妻俩9、用在方位词前。例如:on the left在左边，in the middle of在中间10、用在乐器名称前。例如：she plays the piano every day.她每天弹钢琴。11、用在表示海洋，河流，山脉，群岛及国家和党派等名词前。例如：the black sea黑海，the yangzi river长江12、用在某些固定词组中：all the same仍然；all the time一直；at the moment此刻；at the same time同时；by the way顺便说；do the shopping/washing买东西/洗衣服；in the morning/afternoon/evening 在上午/下午/晚上；零冠词的用法/1、在专有名词和不可数名词前。例如：class two二班，tianan men square天安门广场，water水。2、可数名词前已有作定语的物主代词(my，your，his，her等)、指示代词(this/these，that/those)、不定代词(some，any等)及所有格限制时。例如：my book(正)；my the book(误)3、复数名词表示一类人或事物时。例如：they are teachers.他们是老师。tigers like meat.老虎喜欢吃肉4、在星期，月份，季节，节日前。例如：on sunday在周日in march在三月in spring在春天on womens day在妇女节特例：如果月份，季节等被一个限定性定语修饰时，则要加定冠词：he joined the army in the spring of 1982.他在1982年春季参军。5、在称呼语或表示头衔的名词前。例如：tom汤姆，mum妈妈6、在学科名称，三餐饭和球类运动名称前。例如：i have lunch at school every day.我每天在学校吃午饭。特例：当football，basketball指具体的某个球时，其前可以用冠词：i can see a football.我可以看到一只足球。wheres the football？那只足球在哪儿？(指足球，并非“球类运动”)7、在表特定的公园，街道，车站，桥，学校等之前。例如：no.25 middle school8、某些固定词组中不用冠词。(1)与by连用的交通工具名称前：by bus乘公共汽车by car乘汽车by bike骑/坐自行车by train乘火车by air/plane乘飞机by sea/ship乘船但take a bus，in a boat，on the bike前需用冠词、(2)名词词组：day and night日日夜夜brother and sister兄弟姐妹hour after hour时时刻刻here and there到处(3)介词词组：at home在家in surprise惊奇地at noon在中午on foot步行at night在晚上on duty值日at work在工作on time准时for example例如in class在上课on show展览in bed在床上(4)go短语：go home回家go to bed上床睡觉go to school去上学go to work去上班go shopping/swimming/boating/fishing去买东西/游泳/划船/钓鱼用与不用冠词的差异/in hospital住院in the hospital在医院里go to sea出海go to the sea去海边on earth究竟on the earth在地球上，在世上in front of在(外部的)前面in the front of在(内部的)前面take place发生take the place(of)代替at table进餐at the table在桌子旁by sea乘船by the sea在海边in future从今以后，将来in the future未来go to school(church)上学(做礼拜)go to the school(church)到学校(教堂)去on horseback骑着马on the horseback在马背上two of us我们当中的两人the two of us我们两人(共计两人)out of question毫无疑问out of the question不可能的，办不到的next year明年the next year 第二年a teacher and writer一位教师兼作家(一个人)a teacher and awriter一位教师和一位作家(两个人)同步练习/1.There is _ apple on the desk.A. a B .the C. an D./2.The girl under _ tree is my sister.A. a B .the C.an D./3.Mary is from _ usa.A. a B. the C. an D./4.He met _ friend of his on the road.A. a B .the C.an D./5.Mr Black will go back to england_.A.by air B .by a plane C. by trains D. at a traina.6.Could you please play_piano for me？A.a B.an C.the D./7.There is “h” in the word “hour”， but “h”doesnt make a sound.Aa, a B. a, the C. the,an D.an.,the8.Im going to see my mother. she is ill _.A. in hospital B. in the hospital C. in a hospitalD. at a hospital9.We have three meals day. we have breakfast at 6：30 in morning every day.A. the,the, the B. the, /, the C. a, /,the D .a,the, the10.This isfilm ive told you about several times.Its great. ive never seen _ more moving one.A. a, a B. the,the C. the, a D. a,the11.Tina，could you please play piano for me while im singing？With pleasure.A .a B. an C. the D. /12.I want to try again. please give methird chance again.A .a B. the C. an D. /13. Whats the matter with you？I caughtbad cold and had to stay in bed.A. a; / B. a; the C. a; a D. the; the14. sun is shining brightly.A. a B. an C. the D. /15. Swimming is in summer.A. a great fun B. great fun C. great funs D. great a fun参考答案：1-5 CBBAA 6-10 CDACC 11-15CAACB
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