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单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,Session 26,Translation of Chinese Passive Sentences Into English,汉语被动句的翻译,汉语的被动句译成英语时,并非只能译成被动,句,有时也可以译成主动句。这是因为,英语除了,使用被动语态表达被动的意思以外,还有别的表达,法,如使用某些短语结构来表达被动意义。仔细观,察被动语态英译汉的例句,作逆向思维,便可大致,明白什么样的汉语句子可以译成英语被动句。,下面,例证汉语被动句的主要译法。,21 汉语被动句译成英语被动句,汉语被动句译成英语被动句,这是首先考虑的,翻译方法之一。例如:,(1)海外华侨现在不再被人轻视了。Overseas Chi-,nese are no longer looked down upon.,(2)他被选为学生会主席。He was elected Chair-,man of the Students Union.,(3)窗上的玻璃叫那个孩子打破了,他一定要,挨骂的。The window pane was broken by,the child;he will certainly be scolded.,(4)我整夜被蚊子搞得不快。I was annoyed by,mosquitoes all night.,(5)她深受大家的尊敬。She is greatly respec-,ted by everyone.,(6)他遭到了邻居们的嘲笑。He was laughed,at by his neighbours.,(7)办公大楼为松树所环绕。The office building,is surrounded by pine trees.,(8)这个问题必须在适当的时候以适当的方式予,以处理。The problem must be dealt with by,appropriate means at an appropriate time.,(9)该计划将由一个特别委员会加以审查。The,plan will be examined by a special committee.,(10)这个方案在教代会上被通过了。This scheme,was approved at the TeachersCongress.,(11)他的研究项目去年完成了。His research pro-,ject was accomplished last year.,(12)有个领导在会上受到了批评。A leader was,criticized at the meeting.,(13)她被誉为全国劳动模范。She has been selec-,ted as a national model worker.,(14)他的研究成果获得了高度评价。His research,findings have been highly evaluated.,(15)他被任命为我校科研处处长。,He has been appointed as head/dean of,the Research Department of our university.,(16)艾滋病的蔓延问题可以通过教育加以控制。,The spread of AIDS can be controlled,through education.,(17)正在采取各种措施减少我国的失业率。,Various measures are being adopted in,order to reduce the unemployment rate,of our country.,(18),那男孩的成绩没有让他父母看到。The boys,school records were not seen by his parents.,(19)那个国家有许多人被恐怖分子的炸弹炸死了。,Many people in that country were killed by,the bombs buried and set off by the terrorists.,(20)他的所作所为受到人们的怀疑。He was,suspected of what he did.,以上20句汉语被动句都翻译成了相应的英语被,动句,所有译句在形式与内容方面均与原句保持一,致。显然,汉语被动句翻译为英语被动句是基本的,处理方法。,22 汉语被动句译成形式上的英语主动句,英语表示被动意义时,一般使用被动语态的,句子,但并不一定非用被动语态句式不可。英语,有些词语本身带有被动的含义,包含这样的词语,的句子虽然是主动句,但实际上是表达被动意义,的句子,可称为形式上的主动句,或逻辑意义上,的被动句。许多汉语被动句可以翻译成这样的英,语句子。,让我们观察以下实例。,(21)有些地方教师住房仍然不足,教育工作者,的工资,经常被拖欠,。Housing for teachers,is still inadequate in some areas,and tea-,chers pay,is often in arrears,.,(22)半夜要煨银尔,伺候主人耍钱;头钱从来,没分,有时还,挨皮鞭,I boil white fungus,for him late at night.I wait on him at his,gambling table without ever getting a tip.,Instead I sometimes,get a good threshing,(23),当然她们是被搂在幸福之神的怀抱里了。,青春的爱娇,活泼快乐的心情,,她们是,多么可羡慕的人生呢,!Young and light-,hearted,they were indeed basking in the,embrace of the god of happiness.,How,enviable their life was!,(24)这个年轻人应该,受到惩罚,。The young,man,deserves,punishing,.,(25)此谋杀案,正在受到调查,。The murder,is,now under investigation.,(26)老人在那个国家,不受尊敬,。The aged,are,not respectable,in that country.,(27)这篇论文,经得起推敲,。The paper can,stand criticizing,.,(28)这些书,由我夫人保管,。These books,were,in the charge of my wife,.,(29)那一地区的严重问题,远未被解决,。The,serious problem in that area,is far from,its solution.,(30)华盛顿欧文1783年4月3日生于纽约,当时,纽约,仍为英军占领,。Washington Irving was,born in New York on April 3,1783,when the,city,was still in the possession of the British,troops.,(31)他不愿,受制于人,。He is not willing,to be,under others control,.,(32)他们,遭到敌人的突然袭击,。They,ran into,an unexpected attack from the enemy,.,(33)这男孩正在,被严加管教,。The boy,is under,strict discipline.,(34)这座城市就这样,被敌人征服了,。Thus,the,city,fell into the hands of the enemy,.,(35)政权,被牢牢地掌握,在人民手里。Political,power,rests firmly,in the hands of the people.,例句(20)至(35)都是明显的汉语被动句,,它们分别被翻译成形式上为主动语态、但逻辑意义,上实为被动语态的英语句子。这些译句都采用了含,有被动意义的习惯表达法,流畅易懂,朗朗上口,,堪称忠实、准确的译文。,23 逻辑意义上的汉语被动句译为,相应的逻辑意义上的英语被动句,汉语有数不胜数的逻辑意义上的被动句,这是,汉语的一大特点。英语也有一些形式上为主动语态、,但逻辑意义上实为被动语态的句子。许许多多逻辑,意义上的汉语被动句最好翻译为相对应的逻辑意义,上的英语被动句。,请看下面的例句。,(36)他的戏剧不宜上演。His plays wont act.,(37)会议于五点钟休会。The meeting adjourned,at five oclock.,(38)西红柿容易碰伤。Tomatoes bruise easily.,(39)这根腰带扣不上。This belt wont buckle.,(40)我的声音传不远。,My voice does not carry well.,(41),搪瓷器皿容易弄干净。Enamel wares clean easily.,(42)这箱子关不拢。This box doesnt close properly.,(43)这些苹果适于烹煮。These apples cook well.,(44)这种金属容易切削。This metal cuts easily.,(45)这烟斗不大畅通。The pipe does not draw well.,(46)尼龙织物干得快。Nylon dries quickly.,(47)这料子染不好。This material does not dye well.,(48)这东西好吃。It eats well.,(49)潮湿的木头不着火。Damp wood will not fire.,(50)这种麦子很好磨。This wheat grinds well.,(51)刹车不灵。The brake does not grip properly.,(52)这车很好驾驶。This car handles well.,(53)潮湿的衣服容易烫平。Damp clothes iron easily.,(54)蚊子在产卵时容易消灭。Mosquitoes kill easily,when incubating.,(55)这套公寓房间每月租金500元。The flat lets for,500 yuan a month.,(56)这火柴容易划燃。The match lights easily.,(57)这门锁不上。The door wont lock.,(58)这条母牛出奶率高。The cow milks well.,(59)这些书容易包装。These books pack easily.,(60)这些土豆容易削皮。These potatoes peel easily.,(61)成熟的苹果容易摘下来。Ripe apples pick easily.,(62)那出戏适宜上演。That drama will play.,(63)这首诗读来顺口。This poem reads well.,(64)他的声音录下来很好听。His voice records well.,(65)这些诗很合韵律。The verses scan smoothly.,(66)那个剧本不适于拍电影。That play screens badly.,(67)他的新小说销路很好。His new novel is selling well.,(68)这窗关不上。The window wont shut.,(69)有些木材容易劈开。Some kinds of wood split easily.,(70)有些食物容易腐烂。Some kinds of food soon spoil.,(71)这麻布容易玷污。Thi
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