章振邦新编英语语法专家讲座

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,Pronouns are closed-class words with nominal function.English has a developed pronoun system,comprising,personal pronouns,(人称代词),possessive pronouns,(物主代词),reflexive pronouns,(反身代词),reciprocal pronouns,(相互代词),demonstrative pronouns,(指示代词),interrogative pronouns,(疑问代词),relative pronouns,(关系代词),and,indefinite pronouns,(不定代词).The present lecture will deal with the concord of pronouns(and corresponding determiners)with their antecedents in number,gender and person.,章振邦新编英语语法专家讲座,第1页,Ex.8A,Select an appropriate item from the two given in brackets(both may be acceptable):,The cast is giving,(its,their),best performance tonight.,Somebody left,(his,their),raincoat on this rack;,(he,they),will have to come to get it.,Most mystery stories dont end the way you expect,(it,them),to.,Hawaii is also known for the many beautiful islands,(it has,they have).,Because the United States uses more oil than,(it,they),can produce,(it has to,they have to),import great quantities from other countries.,章振邦新编英语语法专家讲座,第2页,6.The committee will insist on,(its,their),rights.,The committee wishes to reconsider,(its,their),decision.,If anybody calls,tell,(him,them),Im out.,9.Everyone thinks,(he is,they are),the center of the universe.,10.We have received your estimate for the alterations you propose but have decided that,(it,they),would be too high.,章振邦新编英语语法专家讲座,第3页,11.Something strange happened,didnt,(it,they)?,12.Every passenger has to carry,(his,their),own luggage.,13.Everything is ready,(isnt it,arent they)?,14.Wells is one of the editors who always,(takes,take),a leading role in,(his,their),community.,15.One the Boy Scout hike everybody was told by the scoutmaster to bring,(his,their),own drinking water.,章振邦新编英语语法专家讲座,第4页,16.Neither of the women,(has,have),brought,(her,their),certificate.,17.Neither the members of the cabinet nor the President will reveal,(his,their),plans.,18.Either John or James,who are twins,(has,have),left,(his,their),sweater.,19.No manager should do for his staff what,(he,they),could do for,(himself,themselves).,20.Dictatorship is the one of many evils which,(tends,tend),to perpetuate,(itself,themselves).,章振邦新编英语语法专家讲座,第5页,8.2 Pronoun concord in gender,Gender,is a grammatical category.Unlike some European language such as German,French and Russian that have a complicated gender system,the English language is not marked with any gender distinctions except for some pronouns.These gender distinctions are largely restricted to,the third person singular of personal,possessive,and,reflexive pronouns,and corresponding determiners.,English nouns have four genders:the,masculine,feminine,neuter,and,common gender,.,章振邦新编英语语法专家讲座,第6页,Ex.8B,Choose between HE(HIM,HIS,HIMSELF),SHE(HER,HERSELF,HERS)and IT(ITS,ITSELF)to fill in the blanks and supply two alternatives wherever possible:,1.After _ weighed anchor,the ship slipped out of the harbour.,2.A tall figure was moving stealthily about the room._ was the burglar.,3.Getting out of the car,he said to the man in overalls:“Fill _ up,please.”,4.Francine was so kind to me that I shall never forget _.,5.One must not lose _ temper when _ is being criticized for _ conduct.,she/it,It,it/her,her,his/ones,he/one,his/ones,章振邦新编英语语法专家讲座,第7页,6.Once upon a time there was a wolf in sheeps clothing,hiding _ among a flock of sheep.,7.The moon glittered as _ rolled through the deep vault of a cloudless sky.,8.France has made it plain that _ will reject the project.,9.A politician may try to be completely honest,but _ always finds _ has to compromise.,10.As soon as the plane had hopped off,_ picked up speed.,himself,she,it/she,he(or she),he(or she),it/she,章振邦新编英语语法专家讲座,第8页,11.The workers put shoulders to the boat and had _ launched.,12.The average homeowner has to spend _ free moments struggling to keep _ private castle from decaying until it is offensive to _ neighbours.,13.When bathing a baby,always hold _ securely.,14.That fox had got away four time this year,but well get _ before _ is much older.,15.Mexico is a country in North America._ has an area of 760,373 square miles with a population of 81,140.920.(1990),it/her,his(or her),his(or her),his(or her),it/him(or her),it/him,it/he,It,章振邦新编英语语法专家讲座,第9页,16.Mrs.Lewis passes everyone in her class whether _ has good grades or not.,17.My baby has got _ first tooth.,18.At first the earth was large and shone in the heavens filling a great part of them,but every moment _ grew smaller and more distant.,19.If a student needs advice about careers,_ should consult the career officers.,20.When a person casts a ballot,_ has to consider very carefully who _ should vote for.,he(or she),his(or her),it/she,he(or she),he(or she),he(or she),章振邦新编英语语法专家讲座,第10页,8.3 Pronoun concord in person,Person,is a grammatical category.In English,personal,possessive,and reflexive pronouns and corresponding determiners have three special forms that tell of reference to the speaker(,first person,),to the one spoken to(,second person,),an