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单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,Unit 4,Growing up,Grammar,Change the following into English.,Revision,上初中阶段，,Spud,参加了学校篮球,队的选拔。,While _ junior high,Spud,_ the school,basketball team.,2.,他接下来成了足球队的领队。,He _ leader of the,football team.,attending,tried out for,went on to become,3.Lily,更加刻苦地练习并使教练改变了,主意。,Lily _ and got,the coach _.,4.,没有大学愿意邀请他去打篮球，仅仅,因为他的身高。,No university _,basketball only _ his,height.,practised,even harder,to change his mind,would invite him to play,because of,5.,在他毕业以后，他被迫在另一个篮球联盟,效力。,_ he _,he _,_ in another basketball league.,6.,通过努力，他证明个头和体型真的不重,要,如果你决不放弃，几乎没有什么不能,做到的。,_ hard work,he _ that,_ really does not,_,you can do almost anything if,you never _.,After graduated was forced to,play,Through,proved,size and body type,matter,give up,A,Using,before,after,when,and,while,Before,means earlier than a certain time.,e.g.,He remained there for about a year,before,the NBA took notice of him.,After,means later than a certain time.,e.g.,After,he graduated,he was forced to,play in another basketball league.,Grammar,When,means at or during a certain time.,e.g.,When,he finally got the chance,he,scored 20 points in his first game.,While,means during a certain time.,e.g.,While,(he was)attending junior high,Spud tried out for the school team.,One of Davids days,David is writing in his diary about one of his days.Help him combine his sentences using,before,after,when,or,whil,e.,I go jogging every morning.Then I,have breakfast.,_,_,I go jogging every morning before I have breakfast.,2.I,practised,playing basketball for,hours.I felt tired out.,_,_,3.I met Peter.I was waiting at the bus,stop.,_,_,After I,practised,playing basketball for hours,I felt tired out.,I met Peter while I was waiting at the bus stop.,4.I was watching TV.I received a call,from my uncle.,_,_,_,_,5.I was ready to go to bed.My father,came back from work.,_,_,While I was watching TV,I received a call from my uncle.,I was ready to go to bed when my father came back from work.,I was watching TV when I received a call from my uncle.,e.g.Youve been happy,since,I first met,you.,B Using,since,till,and,until,Since,means from a certain time.The verb in the main clause is often used in the present perfect tense.,Till,and,until,mean up to a certain time.Until can be placed at the beginning or in the middle of the sentence,but till is usually used in the middle of the sentence.,e.g.Spud remained in another basketball,league for about a year,till/until,the,NBA took notice of him.,Until,his dream came true,Spud never,gave up.,When we use the structure,notuntil,we cannot use,till,instead of,until,.,e.g.Dont wake me up,until,you finish,your work.,David loves basketball,Here are more sentences from Davids diary entry.Complete his sentences with since,till or until.,I have been crazy about playing,basketball _ I was a little boy.,2.The weather has been awful this week.,The rain did not stop _,yesterday evening,so we could not,practise,basketball for several days.,since,until,3.We played basketball in the,playground this afternoon _,it was getting dark.,4.It is the first time we have played,basketball _ Monday.We,enjoyed ourselves very much.,until/till,since,5.I waited for 20 minutes at the bus stop,_ the bus arrived.,6.It is Friday evening.I will not go to,bed _ I finish watching my,favourite,TV,programme,.,until/till,until,e.g.It began to rain,as soon as,I left the,house.,C Using,as soon as,and,whenever,As soon as,means when something happens,or a short time after something has happened.,Whenever,means at any time.,e.g.I can read books,whenever,I want to.,More about basketball,Simon is writing about Davids love for basketball.Help Simon complete his sentences with,as soon as,or,whenever,.,David often goes to play basketball,_ school is over.,2.He watches the NBA _,there is a game on TV.,as soon as,whenever,3._ he talks about,basketball,he gets excited.,4._ he learnt that the,NBA players would come to China,he,tried his best to get a ticket.,Whenever,As soon as,语法小结,一、,before,after,when,while,till,until,as soon as,whenever,引导的时间状语从句中，,如果主从句都是将来发生的动作，主句用,一般将来时,，从句用,一般现在时,。,e.g.She wont go home,until,she,finishes her work.,二、,since,（自从,）常与现在完成时,连用。,e.g.John,has worked,in this factory,since,1998.,三、,while,（当,时）引导的时间状语,从句通常要用进行时。,e.g.Someone knocked on the door,while,I,was watching,TV.,四、,before,after,since,till,until,还可作,介词，后接时间名词。,e.g.,before,9 a.m.,till/until,today,since,2009,after,lunch,五、当主句和从句的主语是同一个人时,还可用：,before/after/when/while,doing,sth,.,e.g.Youd better not listen to music,while,doing your homework.,六、,as soon as,引导时间状语，表示,“一,就,”,e.g.It began to rain,as soon as,I left,there.,注意：,hardly(scarcely,rarely)when/before,no soonerthan,相当于,as soon as,之意。主句用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时。当,hardly,scarcely,rarely,和,no sooner,位于句首时，主句应用倒装语序。,e.g.He had,no sooner,arrived home,than,he was asked to start on,another journey.,他刚到家，就被邀请开始另一旅程。,七、,till,和,until,通常可以互换，但当“直,到”这词用于句首或与,not,连用时只,能用,until,。,e.g.They didnt come back,until,it was,dark.,Yao,Ming was born in Sh
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