2013定语从句专题复习课件

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,定语从句专题复习,定语从句在,考试说明,里被列在语法项目表主从复合句中，是学生必须掌握的一个语法项目，是语言知识考查的一个重点内容。,考试说明,的内容及要求,近五年安徽高考考点分布及命题趋势,考点,年份,定语从句关系词,安徽五年高考,6,全国,08,12,各,09,15,地,10,11,高,11,15,考,12,12,合计,65,从近五年安徽高考看，定语从句考查比较频繁，直接体现在单选题中。同时，在完形和阅读文章中，往往会出现一些含有定语从句的复杂句式。只有掌握并理解定语从句，才能读懂文章中的这些句子。另外，,在书面表达中运用到的高级句式必然会涉及定语从句。,未来高考也会保持这种考查形式。,一轮复习中存在的问题,1,，对于较复杂句式和较难的考点，比如,where,，,as,等词语的用法，往往容易犯错。,2,，把定语从句与其他从句放一起考察时，不能够正确分析从句类型，从而出现引导词选择错误。,3,，在书面表达中，不能够很好地融入定语从句。,专题教学主要内容,定语从句的基本概念,基本结构,?,名词（先行词）,+,关系词,+,句子,（定语从句）,关系词的作用,?,1.,引导定语从句；,2.,代替先行词；,3.,在定语从句中担当一个成分。,关系词包括哪些？在从句中可以做哪些成分？,指人：,who,whom,that,关系代词（主语，宾语，表语，定语）指物：,which,that,某人的,/,某物的：,whose,人或物：,as,关系副词（状语）：,when,where,why,，,that,教 学 重 点,区分关系代词和关系副词,“介词,+,关系词”引导定语从句,whose,的用法,关系代词,that,和,which,的比较,关系代词,that,和,who,的比较,关系代词,as,的用法,关系副词,where,的用法,区分定语从句和其他句式,特殊先行词,way,和,time,后的关系词,考点一：关系代词和关系副词的区分,Many people tend to buy things from big store,_ they believe the qualities are good.,at which B.of which C.which D.where,B,解题策略：,1,）看懂句意，分析句子结构，确定定语从句部分和先行词部分；,2,）分析从句并根据从句句义确定从句中所缺的成分，选出适合的关系词补全从句；,3,）还原从句，把先行词放入定语从句中，,确定从句结构及意义完整,。,1.According to the research,shoppers,_ purchased so much clothing,met the most problems.,A.whichB.thatC.whoD.whose,2.Whatever is left over may be put into the refrigerator,_ it will keep for two or three weeks.,when B.whichC.whereD.while,C,C,1.Our psychology teacher seems unable to explain everything in a way _ makes sense to us.,in whichB.of whichC./D.that,2.He flew to Paris two hours ago,_ he would stay for three days.,thereB.whichC.whenD.where.,3.Imettheteacherinthestreetyesterday_taughtmeEnglishthreeyearsago.A.whichB.when C.whereD.who,4.That evening,_ I will tell you more about later,I ended up working very late.,A.that B.which C.what D.when,D,D,D,B,考点二：,1.,介词,+,关系代词（,whom/which),如何确定“介词,+,关系代词”结构中的介词,方法一：根据定语从句中谓语动词的需要来确定介词。,This is the dictionary _ which I spent 50,yuan,.,This is the dictionary _ which I paid 50,yuan,.,方法二：根据定语从句所修饰的先行词的需要来确定介词。,I remember the day _ which I joined the League.,I remember the years _ which I stayed in the mountain,village.,方法三：根据定语从句句意的需要来确定介词。,The gas _ which we cannot live is called oxygen.,The gas _ which fire can burn much better is called oxygen.,on,for,in,on,without,in,（,2)“,介词关系代词”前可有,some,any,none,both,all,neither,most,each,few,等代词或者数词，,有时数词或代词也可以放在“介词关系代词”之后。,He loved his parents deeply,both of whom,are very kind to him.,=He loved his parents deeply,_ are very kind to him.,（,3),介词,which/whom,to do,结构,I dont have enough money,with which I can buy,such an expensive dress.,=I dont have enough money _such an expensive dress.,of whom both,with which to buy,（,4),在非限制性定语从句中，,which,可作定语，形成“介词,which,名词”结构,1.He was very ill,in _ case(,and in _ case),we sent him to hospital first.,2.Mike was a student at the university from 1998 to 2004,during _ time(,and during _time),he studied very hard and was made chairman of the Students Union.,which,this/that,which,this/that,考点三：,whose,的用法,1.whose,既可以指人，也可指物，在定语从句中作定语,1)Ancient Rome is a country,whose culture,influenced the western world for centuries.,2)He has a friend,whose father,is a doctor.,2.whose,和,of which/of whom,相等吗？,The classroom,whose door,is broken will soon be repaired.,of which the door/the door of which,考点四：关系代词,which,和,that,的区别：,1.,必须用,that,而不用,which,的情况？,2.,只能用,which,而不用,that,的情况？,先行词是不定代词,all,few,little,much,something,nothing,anything,等。,先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰。,先行词被,all,any,every,each,few,little,no,some,等修饰。,先行词被,the only,the very,the same,the last,修饰时,先行词既有人又有物时,当句中已有,which,或,who,时，为避免重复,Which is the bike that you lost?,Who is the man that is talking to John?,当先行词在主句中作表语，而关系代词在从句中也作表语时,Shanghai is no longer the city that it used to be.,如有两个定语从句，其中一个关系词已用,which,，则另一个用,that.,Edison built up a factory which produced things that had,never been seen before.,主句是,there be,句型，修饰主语的定语从句用,that,There is a seat in the corner that is still available.,1.,必须用,that,而不用,which,的情况,2.,只能用,which,的情况：,1,）非限制性定语从句,There are many factories in,Yaohai,District,which,produce a lot of pollution.,2.,介词,+which,（指物）,This is the house in which Shakespeare once lived.,3.,先行词本身就是,that,时,Whats that which flashed in the sky just now?,4.,指代主句内容时,He broke my cup,which made me angry.,（注意：以上比较是在,which,和,that,之间的选择，,不要误以为所有的关系词中非限制性定语从句只能用,which,。）,考点五：关系代词,who,和,that,的比较,都可以指代人，但是以下情况只能用,who:,1,）先行词是指人的不定代词，如：,one,ones,anyone,no one,those,all nobody,anybody none,等时,.,People all like those who have good manners.,2,）在,there be,句型中,There are some people who want to have holidays abroad.,考点六：,as,引导的定语从句：,as,所修饰的先行词有什么特点？,as,指代主句内容时，与,which,有什么区别？,先行词被,such,，,so,the same,修饰时，关系词用,as,。,I like the same book as you,do.(as,作宾语）,I shall do it in the same way as you did.,（,as,作状语）,I want to have such a dictionary as he,has.(as,作宾语）,注意区分两种固定句式：,1.,such/soas(,定语从句,),；,such/sothat,（状语从句）如此,以至于,This is such an easy question _ I can answer.,This is such an easy question _ I can answer it.,2.,the sameas,表示相似的东西，,the samethat,表示同一人或物。,This is the same book _ he lent me last week.,这和他上星期借给我的书一样。,T