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单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,*,Grammar,-The Passive Voice,1,Who wrote this book?,=This book _by Mark Twain.,was written,Mark Twain wrote this book.,2,What is the man doing,now,?,He is feeding a dog,now.,=A dog _ by him,now,.,is being fed,3,语态,表示,的是,主语和谓语之间的关系，,当句子的,主语是谓语动作的执行者,时，主,谓之间的关系称为,主动语态,(the Active Voice),;当,句子的主语是谓语动作的承受者,时，主、谓之间的关系称为,被动语态,(the Passive Voice),。,在汉语中常用,“,被,”“,由,”,等词来表示被动语态。在英语中则用动词的被动语态形式来表示。,被动语态的,基本结构,：,be+,过去分词,(+by S),The Passive Voice,译：我们每天学习英语。,We study English every day.,English is studied by us every day.,AV,PV,4,各种时态,的被动语态：,5,1.一般现在时:,2.,一般过去时:,-,3.,现在进行时:,-,English is,studied,by,us,.,English,was,studied by Mr Li long long ago,.,English is being studied by us now,.,is/am/are+,done,was/were+,done,is/,am,/are,+being+,done,各种时态,的被动语态：,S+Vt+O.,We study,English.-,Mr Li studied English long long ago,.,We are studying English now,.,6,4.,过去进行时:,5.,现在完成时：,-,6.,过去完成时:,7.,一般将来时：,-,English,was being,studied by us at 8:30 last night,.,English,has been,studied by us for 5 years up to now,.,English,had been,studied by us for three years by the endof.,.,I,will be helped by him,with my English,.,was/were being,+,done,have/has been,+,done,had been,+,done,1),will/shall be+,done,We were studying English at 8:30 last night,.,We have,studied English for 5 years up to now,.,We had studied English for 3 years by the end of Junior 3,.,He will help,me with my English,.,7,7.,一般将来时：,8.将来完成时：,9,.,含有情态动词的被动语态：,French is going to be learnt by us in university,.,English must be studied hard,.,2,),be going to be done,can/may/mustbe+,done,We are going to,learn French in university,.,We must,study English hard,.,We,will have studied English for 6 years when we,graduate from High School,.,English will have been studied by us for 6 years when we graduate from High School,.,will/shall have been,done,8,不用被动语态的情况：,9,不及物动词或不及物动词短语无被动语态：,判断正误,(True or False),(),The price has been risen.(,)The price has risen.(,)The accident was happened last week.,(,)The accident happened last week.,(,)Please be seated.,(,)Please seat.,F,T,F,T,F,T,不用被动语态的情况：,10,2.,表示状态的动词不能用于被动语态英语中。有些动词,(,短语动词,),不是表示动作,而是表示某种状态或情况,如,拥有、容纳、适合、明白,等意,这类词不能用于被动语态,常见的有,:lack,mean,hold,have,become,last,cost,consist of,look like,等。如,:,The new stadium can be held 5,000 people.(),The new stadium can hold 5,000 people.(),11,3.,主动形式表示被动意义的词,(1),某些,感官动词和系动词加形容词,可以表,示被动意义,常见的有,:look,smell,taste,feel,prove,wear,sound,等。如,:,Your idea sounds great.,12,(2),某些,行为动词后加副词,(,有些可不加副词,),也可以,表示被动意义,常见的有,:wash,write,sell,read,handle,keep,pay,等。如,:,The meat cuts easily.,The shoes wear well.,13,4.,在主动语态中,若动词为,make,let,see,hear,watch,notice,时,后接不带,to,的动词,不定式（,make sb.do sth.,）；但是变被动语态时,必须要带to(,sb.is made to do sth.,)。例如,:,You should make him deal with this problem carefully.,=He should be made to deal with this problem carefully.,14,特别注意：,15,1.英语中一般用来,by,表示动作的执行者,但,know,除,外,它要用介词,to,Hangzhou is known_a scenic spot,especially it is known_the West Lake,which is known _the world.,2.,need,want,require,等表“需要”,如果主语是物的时候,必须用,动名词的主动形式表被动意义,;也可以用,不定式的被动形式,.,as,for,to,特别注意：,译：,这张椅子需要修理,。,=,The chair needs,to be repaired.,The chair,needs repairing.,16,他命令立即完成这座桥的建设,.,我有很多工作要做,.,他有很多问题没解决,他很不高兴,.,他有很多问题没解决,他老板很不高兴,.,He ordered the bridge _ a,t,once.,to be completed,With many problems,_,he is,very unhappy.,to do.,I have a lot of work_.,to be settled,With many problems,_,his boss is very unhappy.,to settle,17,4.,adj+to do,too+adj.+to do,adj.enough to do,英语不是很难学.,English is not very hard _.,这本书很容易理解.,The book is easy enough _.,这箱子太重了他搬不动.,The box is too heavy for him _.,to study,to understand,to carry.,句型,结构,中,常用,不定式,主动形式表达被动意义.,18,Rewrite the sentences in the passive voice.,1.Tourists from all over the world visit Venice.,2.Trained artists make many of the carnival masks.,3.Rich people gave parties every day for a month.,4.The Portuguese and the Spanish took carnival to South America.,5.In London the West Indian community created the,Notting,Hill Carnival.,6.Today millions of people enjoy carnival.,19,Rewrite the sentences in the passive voice.,1.Tourists from all over the world visit Venice.,Venice is visited by tourists from all over the world.,20,2.Trained artists make many of the carnival masks.,Many of the carnival masks are made by trained artists.,3.Rich people gave parties every day for a month.,Parties were given every day for a month(by rich people).,21,4.The Portuguese and the Spanish took carnival to South America.,Carnival was taken to South America by the Portuguese and the Spanish.,22,5.In London the West Indian community created the,Notting,Hill Carnival.,The,Notting,Hill Carnival was created by the West India community in London.,6.Today millions of people enjoy carnival.,Carnival is enjoyed by millions of people today.,23,A3,1.were held,2.celebrated,3.was decided,4.wanted,5.was followed,6.was discovered,7.brought,8.were added,9.has become,10.is celebrated,11.is known,12.climbs,13.flies,14.is watched,15.are fired,24,Bye!,25,
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