解析高考英语长难句

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,解析高考英语长难句,The main factors that make sentences hard to understand:,1.,含有较多成分的简单句（同位语、介词短语、非谓语动词、定语、状语、插入语）,2.,含有多个简单句的并列句,3.,并列句和主从复合句并存,4.,倒装句。,2,、含有多个简单句的并列句。,How to make good analysis of sentence structures(five steps,),1.,隔离插入成分，寻找特殊标点,2.,寻找连词，确定句子种类（简单句、并列句、复合句）,3.,寻找句中的动词或者动词结构,4.,确定整个句子框架,标出主句主干部分及从属连词,5.,确定从句框架,标出从句主干部分,Got it!,回忆三种基本句子类型,长难句的类型及分析方法,长难句分析在高考阅读中的演练,学习目标,句子种类,简单句,并列句,复合句,长难句之朝花夕拾篇,(1)We took pity on the people in the disaster-hit area in Yushu and many students raised money for them.,(2)Having suffered a number of health problems,former Olympic President Samaranch died on April 21 in Barcelona.,(3)The Internet is an exciting tool that not only puts vast information at your fingertips but expands options.,a simple sentence,a compound(,复合）,sentence,a coordinate(,并列）,sentence,Samaranch died,_ _,m,结构分析法,明晰句子结构，把握句子的基本框架。,A.,判断该句是简单句、并列句还是复合句；,B.,找出句子的主干成分,(,主语和谓语,),，分清句子附属成分，理解句子大意。,C.,层层分析，层层剥离,句 子,判 断,简单句,并列句,复合句,主干,并列连词,从属连词,句子较长，一个从句套着另一个从句，环环相扣。不管句子有多长有多复杂，它只由两部分构成，即主干和修饰成分。,主干,是整个句子的骨架，主要指,主谓宾结构或主系表结构,。而修饰成分在句中只起修饰或补充主干的作用，它既可以是单词，也可以是短语，更常见的则是从句，尤其是定语从句和状语从句。,我们应通过仔细分析，将每个修饰成分划出来，找出句子的主干，这样整个句子结构就清晰了。,Schools across China are expected to hire 50,000 college graduates this year as short-term teachers,almost three times the number hired last year,to help reduce unemployment pressures.,介词短语,时间状语,介词短语,同位语,过去分词做定语,定语,长难句之分门别类篇,1.,带有较多成分,的简单句,不定式做状语,Schools are expected to hire,college graduates,去枝叶,留主干。,School are expected to hire college graduates.,句子主干,：,2.,含有多个从句的复合句,找从属连词,分析从句,理解句意。,Whereas a womans,closest female friend might,be the first to tell her to leave,a failing marriage,，,it wasnt unusual to hear a man say that he didnt know that his friends marriage was in serious trouble until he appeared one night asking if he could sleep on the sofa.,一个女人最亲密的女性朋友可能是第一个告诉,她离开一次失败的婚姻；而听见一个男人说直到他,的朋友一天晚上问他是否可以睡在他家的沙发上他,才知道他朋友的婚姻已非常糟糕，这是很平常的。,3.,并列和主从复合句并存,I cant live in fear of the possibility that as the earths population grows and we use more and more of our nonrenewable(,不能再生的,)resources,our children may have to lead poorer lives.,在,possibility,后由,that,引导的,_,从句中还含有一并列结构的,_.,同位语从句,我不能总是生活在对这种可能性的忧虑中：随着地球上,人口的不断增长，我们正在消耗掉越来越多的非再生资源，我们的孩子可能不得不过着更加贫穷的生活。,时间状语从句,/,_,The old worker insisted that he wasnt old and that he be sent back to the working post again.,在,insist,后面引导了两个并列的,_,从句,第一个,_,从句中使用的是,_,语气，第二个,_,从句中使用的是,_,语气,宾语,陈述,虚拟,_,_,宾语,宾语,并列和主从复合句并存的处理方法,先读懂并列句，再看主从复合句,If you ask people to name one person who,had the greatest effect on the English language,you will get answers like“Shakespeare”,“Samuel Johnson”,and“Webster”,but none of these men had any effect at all compared to a man didnt even speak EnglishWilliam,the Conqueror.,如果你让人们说出一个曾经对英语产生过巨大影响,的人，他们准会说像莎士比亚、塞缪尔约翰逊,、韦伯斯,特等诸如此类的人。但论其影响他们当中无人能抵得上,一个甚至不会说英语的人,征服者威廉。,3.,含有插入语的句子,这种句子的特点是在正常的,句子中,插入一些或长或短的,成分或句子,，比如,同位语（从句）、,非限制性定语从句、状语从句、分词、插入语等等,，打断读者的思路，割裂前后之间的语义，造成理解上的困难。我们称之为“打岔”。有时有,逗号或破折号,分开。,忽略插入成分,直奔句子主题,.,The lack of right male(,男性的,)role models in many of their lives,at home and particularly in the school environment(,环境,),means that their,peers,are the only people they have to judge themselves against.,在他们很多人的生活中，如在家里，尤其是在学校，缺少合适的男性榜样，这就意味着他们只好对照自己的,同龄人,来评判自己。,Science has become,so,important in the modern world,with its procedures so highly standardized and so widely accepted,that,it is included among modern social institutions.,随着科学研究程序达到高度标准化并被广泛接受，在当今世界上，科学已变得如此重要，以至被纳入现代社会制度之中。,4.,成分省略,The magazine is male-targeting because young guys generally wont pick up a magazine that appears to be directed at females,whereas girls usually will.,把握大意,找出上文对应信息,补充省略成分,Before 1066,in the land we now call Great Britain lived peoples belonging to two major language groups.,5.,倒装句,确定主语,调整语序,把握大意,.,5.,倒装句,Before 1066,in the land we now call Great Britain lived people belonging to two major language groups.,1066,年以前，在我们现在称为英国的土地上，,住着属于两个主要语种的民族。,Before 1996,people,belonging to two major language groups,lived in the land,we all call Great Britain.,Mobile phone SIM cards which are put in the collars(,项圈,)of elephants automatically send a text message when they get too close to farms,allowing wildlife workers to drive them off rather than shoot them.,I was discussing this problem recently with a colleague who had been beating his head against the wall for months trying to get a story about a mysterious“dark force”in cosmology(,宇宙学,)past editors at New Yorker.,长难句之小试牛刀篇,_,_,_,长难句之,方法总结篇,1.,带有较多成分的简单句,-,去枝叶，留主干。,2.,含有多个从句的复合句,-,找从属连词,分析从句,理解句意。,3.,含有插入成分的句子,-,忽略插入成分,直奔句子主题。,4.,倒装句,-,确定主语,调整语序,把握大意。,5.,成分省略,-,把握大意,找出对应信息,补充省略成分。,分析：,是状语从句，,是主句，,是,with,引导的介词短语作状语，修饰谓语。这样，把整个句子划为,3,个意群，可以大大提高阅读速度。,When two cars travelling at 30 mh hit each other,，,an unbelted,driver would meet the windshield,with a force equal to diving headfirst into the ground from a height of 10 meters.,1,.,意群阅读法,2.,剥丝抽茧法,先,跳读修饰成分或附加成分,，找出句子的,主干,并理解其意义；然后再,分层理解修饰成分或附加成分,。如果待处理的长难句为一个复杂的主从复合句，