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单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,The Land Down Under,Unit,3,Language Study,Word Study,1、提醒/警告某人注意某事_,2、由组成 _,3、代表、象征 _,4、至少 _,5、宣称/要求某物应归其所有 _,6、与相似_,7、因此、结果_,8、对有很大影响 _,9、把变成_,10、受益于,_,warn sb. of sth.,benefit from,transform A into B,have a strong influence on,as a consequence / result,be similar to,lay claim to sth.,at least,stand for,be made up of,11、不同于、与有差异 _,12、直到才_,13、(战争、火灾)突然爆发 _,14、以为食_,15、生、产生_,16、不让入内_,17、聚拢 _,18、与某人分享/分担_,19、去远足 _,20、喜欢,_,至语法,differ from,be fond of,go hiking,share sth. with,round up,keep out,give birth to,feed on,break out,not until ,warn sb. of,warn sb. of sth.,warn sb. against doing sth.,warn sb. not to do sth,warn sb. that ,The people of the town,were warned of,the,danger of flooding.,She gave him,a warn,not to play by the water.,= She,warned him against,playing,.,注意比较 be made 后面的介词:,be made in / of / from / into,be made up of,be made up of,Ice is made _ water, but colder than water.,Paper can be made _ grass.,Could you tell me how many students make _,your group?,Let me show you how to make a piece of paper,_ an airplane.,of,from,up,into,stand for,:,代表，代替,PO,stands for,Post Office or Postal order.,stand in for,代替,When the star is ill, another actor,stands,in for,him.,stand by,袖手旁观、赞同、支持,(= support ),How can you,stand by,and see such cruelty?,Ill,stand by,you whatever happens.,stand for,stand in ones way,挡住某人的路,Dont let the cost,stand in your way,. Shell,pay for it.,stand,容忍、位于,She says shes not going to,stand,for her,children disobeying her.,The house,stands,on a hill.,stand (well) with sb.,与某人相处得（好）,How do you,stand with,your class adviser?,It is well known that the letters “SOS”,_ “Urgent Rescue”.,A. go for,B. are for,C. stand for,D. speak for,claim,vt. 认领、提出要求、声称,I lost my umbrella, but,claimed,it at the lost,property office.,（认领）,He can fairly,claim,to have more.,他可以正当地要求多给予一些的,He,claimed,he hadnt been at the scene of the,crime.,他宣布他不在犯罪现场。,n.,认领、提出要求、声称,Mary made a,claim,to the pencil.,玛丽认为她应得到这支铅笔。,lay claim to sth.,宣称某物应归其所有,If the land really belongs to you, why dont,you,lay claim to,it?,假如这块地真是属于你的，你何不请求归还产权？,Fishermen and sailors sometimes _ to have seen monsters in the sea, but there are no evidences to support them.,A. pretend B. attempt,C. claim D. announce,相当于：as a result / in consequence,He drinks too much,as a consequence, he is,in poor health.,as a consequence of,因为；由于,in consequence of,作为的结果,suffer the consequence of,自食其果,face the consequences of,面对的后果,take the consequences of,承担的后果,as a consequence,We should do everything without destroying our environment. Otherwise, well _ the consequence of our actions.,A. face B. take,C. suffer D. be in,transform,vt. 改变、改造、转变：,Heat can,transform,water,into,steam.,Any kind of energy,can be transformed into,electricity.,The government,has transformed,him,from,a criminal,into,a good citizen.,注意 transform 的词性变换：,transformable,adj.,可变形的、可变化的,transformation,n.,变化、转化、改型、改革、转换,判断下列句子是否正确:,Some diseases are transformed by certain water animals.,句意为：,“有些疾病是通过水生动物传播的。”,transform,改变、改造、改革,transplant,移植,transport,运输,transmit,（信息、信号、疾病等）的传播,transmitted,vt. 获益、对有利,I dont think your uncle will,benefit,us with his money.,我想你叔叔不会给我们钱的。,vi. 与 from 或 by 连用，表示：从中受益,Who is likely to,benefit most from,the new tax laws?,什么人可以从新税法中获益最多？,n. (u) 利益、益处、裨益、帮助,We shall get much,benefit,from reading.,benefit,You should go to the library often. I believe you will _ it a lot.,A. benefit,B. benefit from,C. benefit for,D. benefit in,1),表示谓语动词一直延续到,until / till,从句所表示,的时间，用肯定句；,They,studied,in the classroom,until,12,oclock,.,2),若谓语动词到,until / till,之时才发生，须用否定句；,Tom,didnt go,to bed,until,12 oclock.,3) notuntil,放在句首时，须用倒装句；,Not until,12 oclock,did Tom go,to bed.,4) not until,时间状语可以被强调；,It was,not until,12,that,Tom went to bed.,(not ) until / till,It was until last year that he _.,A. left his home town for a new start,B. came to realize the importance of,learning English,C. worked as an English teacher at a,middle school,D. set out to build a new house of his,own,break 短语,1.,break out,(火灾、战争等)突然发生,A fire,broke out,in the neighborhood last night.,2. break into (vt.),突然闯入、突然发出,A thief,broke into,his house last night and stole a lot of things.,3. break in (vi.),强行闯入、打岔,Thieves,broke in,last night and stole jewelry.,He kept,breaking in,with silly questions.,4. break up,瓦解、分解、变坏、终止、破裂,Their marriage,broke up,.,They will,break up,the old ship,.,The meeting,broke up,.,5. break down,捣毁、分解、出故障、失败,The car,broke down,on the way home.,Your health will,break down,if you work too hard.,Rubbish will,be broken down,in the sea.,6. break away (from),逃脱、从逃脱、,与断绝关系,The pickpocket,broke away from,the police-man who was holding his arm.,7. break through,突破障碍,The sun,broke through,the clouds.,The enemys defence works were strong, but we,broke through,at last.,His computer broke _ before he could use it.,Those old cars will be broken _ for scrap.,Last night somebody broke _ and took away many things.,The war broke _ in China in 1937.,The boy often breaks _ while the teacher is giving a lecture.,You must break _ from the bad habit.,After the shower, the sun broke _.,I am sure the house was broken _ last night, for the window is broken.,The ice began to break _ on the river.,down,up,in,out,in,away,through,into,up,feed (on),1) feed on = live on,以为主食,Cows chiefly,feed on,grass.,2) feed on,用喂,The old lady,feeds,her cat,on,milk every,evening.,3) feed to ,把作为食物喂给,I wouldnt,feed,that meat,to,my dog.,4) be fed up with (= be tired of),厌烦、不满,Im fed up with,your grumbling(怨言).,判断下列句子是否正确:,1. Cattle live chiefly on grass.,2. They used to live on fishing.,3. My whole family live on me.,feed,feed on,的主语为物,；live on,的主语为人,make a living by,live on,后不能接职业、工作,depends on me for life,live on,后不能接人,1. Can you tell me _ you feed this kind of cow _ in winter?,A. that on B. what /,C. how on D. what on,2. Many students are fed _ too much homework after school.,A. on B. up,C. to D. up with,keep 短语,keep off:,远离; 不接近,If the rain,keeps off, .,(=If it doesnt start to rain, .),Please,keep off,that subject.,Do please,keep off,drugs.,keep out (of),置身于外、不卷入,Shut the windows and,keep,the cold,out,.,Keep,your dog,out of,the room.,keep away:,avoid coming / going near,避开,Keep away,from the waters edge.,keep sb. / sth. away:,使离开,prevent sb. / sth. from going / coming near,Keep,the children,away from,the waters edge.,keep back,使后退、离开、扣除,The police had to,keep,the crowd,back,.,The boss,kept back,$10 from her wages.,keep up,保持、不低落,Their spirits,kept up,well in spite of hardships,.,keep up with,不落后、追赶上,He couldnt,keep up with,his class.,keep sb. up:,使某人迟睡,Its wrong to,keep the children up,so late.,_ your courage. Youll succeed sooner or later.,He walked so fast that she couldnt _ him.,_ their quarrel!,_ the grass!,_. Its dangerous.,Youd better _ me. I have a bad cold.,Keep up,keep up with,Keep out of,Keep off,Keep back,keep away from,Grammar,表语用以说明主语的身份, 特征和状态, 它一般位于系动词(如 be, become, get, look, grow, turn, seem 等)之后.,What is Predicative,Predicative,What can be used as Predicative?,noun,pronoun,numerals,adj.,adv.,to do / doing / done,prep. phrase,clause,1. 名词,Our English teacher is an American.,He is an astronaut.,2. 代词,Is it yours ?,That is all I want to tell you.,3.形容词,The weather has turned out cold.,Australia is as old as time.,4. 数词,Three times seven is twenty-one.,He is always the first to enter the office.,5. 副词,Time is up. The class is over.,My wife is not in. She is out with anger.,6. 分词,The speech is exciting.,The cup was broken.,7. 不定式,His job is to teach English.,Their plan is to finish the experiment in a,week.,8. 动名词,His hobby is playing football.,My job is helping my students reach their,goals in life.,9. 介词短语,The machine must be out of order.,He is against our plan.,10. 表语从句,The truth is that he has never been abroad.,What I want to know is when we will have,the sports meeting.,The reason for his being late for the,meeting is that he is ill and has just been,to hospital.,1. The purpose of new technologies,is to make life easier, _ it more,difficult.,Anot make Bnot to make,Cnot makingDdo not make,2. Longjing tea, Jasmine tea and,Wuyi tea are all famous, but,which do you think _ ?,A. tastes best B. smells most,C. drinks mostlyD. sounds best,3. That is just _ they are mistaken.,A. when B. what,C. where D. which,4. The meeting was put off, _,was exactly _ we wanted.,A. it; that B. as; that,C. which; whatD. this; what,5. His suit has become loose. He,seems _ weight.,Ato lose Bbeing lost,ClosingDto have lost,6. The reason why I burst into,tears is _ I dont want to part,my mother.,A. that B. which,C. / D. because,7. - Where is George? He said he,would meet me here at 3.,- He seems _ with Mr. Brown,in the office.,A. to talk B. to be talking,C. to have talked D. talking,8They found there was _ to,weigh such an elephant.,Abig enough nothing,Bnothing enough big,Cenough nothing big,Dnothing big enough,9. As we joined the big crowd，I,got _ from my friends.（NMET 2001）,Aseparated Bspared,Clost Dmissed,10. I drove to Zhuhai for the air,show last week., Is that _ you had a few,days off ?,A. why B. when,C. what D. where,11. Cleaning women in big cities,usually get_ by the hour.,（NMET98）,Apay Bpaying,Cpaid Dto pay,12. I can hardly recognize the,village., Oh, its no longer _ it,used to be.,A. that B. when,C. how D. what,连系动词,表状态,表变化,表感官,连系动词用法小结,be, keep, stay, lie, remain, stand, ,get, become, grow, turn, come, go, fall. run, wear, make, ,look, seem, appear, sound, smell, taste, feel,使用连系动词时首先需要注意弄清楚连系动词和形为动词的用法特征及它们之间的用法区别；在此基础上需要重点掌握常见的表示变化的连系动词的用法特点及相互之间的区别。,注意 become 和 get 的基本用法,become,和,get,主要指一个人暂时性的身心变化或永久性的自然变化：,become / get,angry, famous, fat, ill, old, well, deaf, strong, etc 生气，成名，发胖，得病，变老，痊愈，变聋，变强，等,另外,，,become,和,get,还可用于指天气的变化和社会的趋势： Its,becoming / getting,cold (dark, cloudy, etc).,天渐冷了(黑了，多云了等)。 Divorce,is becoming / getting,more common.,离婚现象越来越常见了。,注意 go 和 come 基本用法,go,和,come,表示变化时，前者主要指一种由强到弱或由好到坏的变化 (可用于人或事物)，后者则主要指向好的方面变化：,go bald,(,deaf, insane, etc),发秃，变聋，发疯等。,The meat,s gone off,(,gone bad,).,肉变味(变坏)了。,The radio,s,gone wrong,.,收音机出毛病了。,Her wish,came true,.,她的愿望实现了。,Everything,came right,.,一切顺利。,另外，,go,还可用于人或事物颜色的变色，与,turn,用法相同： She,went / turned,blue with cold.,The rotten meat,went / turned,green.,【注】, 但是,go,一般不与 old, tired, ill 等连,用，遇此情况要用其他连系动词：,grow /,get,old 变老，,fall / become,ill (sick) 生,病，,get / feel,tired 疲劳,go,后接形容词通常表示结果(见上例)，,在个别搭配中也表示现状：,go hungry,挨,饿，,go naked,光着身子 ,come,除表示向好的方面变化外，还有以下,常见搭配值得注意：,come,un,tied 解开，,come,loose 变松，,come,un,done 松开,注意 grow 的基本用法,grow,主要表示,逐渐,变化，强调变化,的,过程,： It began to,grow dark,. 天色渐渐黑了。 The sea is,grow,ing,calm,.,大海变得平静起来。 The pollution problem is,grow,ing,serious,.,污染问题日见严峻。,注意名词作表语的用法,以上连系动词通常接形容词作表语，,但有的还可接其他结构，如,come, get, grow,后,可接,不定式,，,become, turn,后可接,名词,，,go,grow,后可接,介词短语,： Youll soon,grow,to like her,.,Its,becom,ing,a serious problem,The little plant,grew,into a tree,.,They,went,out of fashion,years ago,【注】,turn,后接名词时，往往表示意想,不到的变化，名词前通常用,零冠词,： He,turned writer,after he graduated from a medical college.,他从医学院毕业后当了作家。,(比较：He,became a writer,after graduating from college.),become, get, turn, make, fall 可接名词，但各有特点。,get,后的名词前可加,to be,，而,become,则不行;,make,必须与有定语的名词连用;,fall,常与 victim，prey (牺,牲者、受害者)等名词连用。,He has,become,(或,got,) a (famous) scientist. He has,made,a famous scientist. The guard,fell,a victim to the dagger of a murderer. 警卫死于凶手的刀下。 She,fell,(或was falling) an easy prey to him.,她轻易地被他控制着。,1. Be careful when you cross this very busy street. If not, you may _ run over by a car.,（02北京）,A. haveB. get,C. becomeD. turn,2. Why dont you put the meat in,the fridge? It will,fresh for,several days. （03全国卷）,Abe stayed Bstay,Cbe stayingDhave stayed,3. Happy birthday, Alice! So,you have _ twenty-one,already! （04天津）,A. becomeB. turned,C. grownD. passed,4. On hearing the news of the accident in the coal mine, she,_ pale. （04湖北）,Agot Bchanged,Cwent Dappeared,5. Someone who lacks staying,power and perseverance is,unlikely to _ a good researcher.（06山东）,A. make B. turn,C. get D. grow,6. The traffic lights _ green,and I pulled away.（06广东）,A. came B. grew,C. got D. went,7. The water _ cool when I,joined into the pool for morning,exercise. (全国卷1),A. was felt B. is felt,C. felt D. feels,8. - I was wondering if we,could go skiing on the,weekend.,- _ good. (06湖北),A. Sound B. Sounded,C. Sounding D. Sounds,9. The mother felt herself _ cold,and her hands trembled as she,read the letter from the,battlefield. (06上海),A. grow B. grown,C. to grow D. to have grown,Good-bye!,
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