09肖国华-四大管道质量现状及监检对策

,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,文字模板单击此处编辑母版文本样式,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,文字模板单击此处编辑母版文本样式,*,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,文字模板单击此处编辑母版文本样式,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,文字模板单击此处编辑母版文本样式,*,四大管道质量现状及监检对策,2024/11/28,肖国华,西安热工研究院有限公司,电站建设技术部,简介,2023/3/8,火电机,组,组四大,管,管道包,括,括主蒸,汽,汽管道,、,、再热,蒸,蒸汽热,段,段、再,热,热蒸汽,冷,冷段、,高,高压给,水,水管道,及,及相关,的,的旁路,管,管道。,名称,温度,(),压力（,MPa,）,材料,主蒸汽管道,566,620,2530,A335 P91/P92,再热蒸汽热段,566,620,78,A335 P91/P92,再热蒸汽冷段,350,470,78,A672B70CL32,A691 1-1/4CrCL22,A691 2-1/4CrCL22,高压给水管道,180,350,3538,WB36,超（超,）,）临界,机,机组四,大,大管道,常,常用材,料,料,简介,2023/3/8,四大管,道,道由于,输,输送高,温,温高压,介,介质，,且,且布置,在,在炉外,，,，靠近,人,人员活,动,动区域,和,和汽轮,机,机厂房,，,，所以,其,其质量,直,直接关,系,系到人,员,员安全,和,和设备,安,安全，,属,属于火,电,电机组,的,的重要,设,设备，,其,其造价,约,约占火,电,电机组,建,建设总,投,投资的,5,8%,。,国内电,厂,厂曾发,生,生过由,于,于四大,管,管道质,量,量问题,所,所导致,的,的人员,伤,伤亡和,设,设备损,毁,毁事故,，,，应引,起,起高度,重,重视。,简介,2023/3/8,考虑,到,到四,大,大管,道,道的,重,重要,性,性和,特,特殊,性,性，,西,西安,热,热工,院,院电,站,站建,设,设技,术,术部,专,专门,成,成立,了,了独,立,立的,四,四大,管,管道,项,项目,组,组，,从,从事,四,四大,管,管道,制,制造,阶,阶段,的,的专,业,业化,监,监检,工,工作,。,。,从,2003,年成,立,立至,今,今，,已,已完,成,成了,华,华能,火,火电,工,工程,亚,亚临,界,界、,超,超临,界,界、,超,超超,临,临界,、,、燃,机,机和,IGCC,火电,项,项目,38,个、,85,台机,组,组四,大,大管,道,道的,监,监检,工,工作,，,，并,出,出色,完,完成,了,了多,个,个外,系,系统,单,单位,委,委托,的,的四,大,大管,道,道监,检,检工,作,作。,项目,组,组专,业,业从,事,事电,站,站四大,管,管道钢管,制,制造,、,、管,件,件制,造,造、,工,工厂,化,化配,管,管及,现,现场,管,管道,安,安装,的,的监,督,督检,验,验，在,长,长达,10,年的,专,专业,化,化工,作,作中,，,，在进,口,口管,道,道（,件,件）,、,、国,产,产管,道,道（,件,件）,、,、工,厂,厂化,配,配制,、,、现,场,场安,装,装等,环,环节,质,质量,问,问题,的,的监,检,检上,积,积累,了,了丰,富,富的,经,经验,。,。,进口,管,管道,质,质量,现,现状,2023/3/8,目前,新,新建,机,机组,四,四大,管,管道,很,很大,一,一部,分,分来,自,自于,进,进口,，,，主,要,要包,括,括进,口,口钢,管,管、,锻,锻制,三,三通,及,及部,分,分热,压,压管,件,件。,名称,钢管供应商,管件供应商,主蒸汽管道,再热热段管道,美国,WYMAN-GORDON,德国,V&M,日本住友,IBF,Metalcam,奥地利安内,高压给水管道,美国,WYMAN-GORDON,德国,V&M,日本住友,进口钢管、国内热压,/,推,再热冷段管道,韩国,EEW,韩国钢花,德国,EBK,进口钢管、国内热压,/,推,进口,管,管道,供,供应,商,商名,录,录,进口,管,管道,质,质量,现,现状,进口,管,管道,常,常见,质,质量,问,问题,包,包括,：,：,原材,来,来源,表面,质,质量,几何,尺,尺寸,、,、壁,厚,厚,硬度,、,、金,相,相,层状,缺,缺陷,焊管,焊,焊缝,缺,缺陷,进口,管,管道,质,质量,现,现状,原材,来,来源,国内,已,已发,现,现使,用,用国,产,产管,材,材或,劣,劣质,管,管材,冒,冒充,进,进口,管,管材,的,的情,况,况，,并,并已,造,造成,了,了严,重,重的,后,后果,（,（见国质,检,检特,联,联,2006-601,号,关于,对,对假,冒,冒国,外,外锅,炉,炉管,使,使用,情,情况,进,进行,检,检查,消,消除,隐,隐患,的,的通,知,知,）。,进口,管,管道,质,质量,现,现状,原材,来,来源,个别,进,进口,管,管材,缺,缺少,报,报关,单,单、,商,商检,证,证明,等,等文,件,件资,料,料，,原,原材,来,来源,不,不明,，,，甚,至,至发,现,现有,个,个别,假,假冒,进,进口,管,管材,、,、伪,造,造文,件,件资,料,料等,问,问题,。,。,假冒,德,德国,曼,曼内,斯,斯曼,钢,钢管,正品,德,德国,曼,曼内,斯,斯曼,钢,钢管,（,（常,州,州）,进口,管,管道,质,质量,现,现状,原材,来,来源,个别,进,进口,管,管材,缺,缺少,报,报关,单,单、,商,商检,证,证明,等,等文,件,件资,料,料，,原,原材,来,来源,不,不明,，,，甚,至,至发,现,现有,个,个别,假,假冒,进,进口,管,管材,、,、伪,造,造文,件,件资,料,料等,问,问题,。,。,假冒,意,意大,利,利,IBF,三通,钢,钢印,正品,意,意大,利,利,IBF,三通钢印,进口管道,质,质量现状,表面质量,主要表现,在,在管材表,面,面存在裂,纹,纹、沟槽,、,、凹坑等,缺,缺陷。,W-G,钢管表面,人,人工切槽,进口钢管,内,内外壁凹,坑,坑,进口管道,质,质量现状,几何尺寸,、,、壁厚,主要表现,在,在管径、,壁,壁厚、直,线,线度、椭,圆,圆度等尺,寸,寸不合格,。,。,W-G,钢管（,P91,，规格：,ID91434mm,）白色区,域,域壁厚不,足,足,进口管道,质,质量现状,硬度,主要表现,在,在硬度不,符,符合,DLT438-2009,火力发电,厂,厂金属技,术,术监督规,程,程,要求。,硬度控制,：,：,P91/92(180-250HB),，,WB36,（,180-252HB,）,华能福州,电,电厂、井,冈,冈山电厂,及,及威海电,厂,厂所使用,的,的德国曼,内,内斯曼,OD559,60mm,材质,WB36,高压给水,管,管道原材,曾,曾出现过,大,大范围硬,度,度异常。,其,其中福州,电,电厂共采,购,购,44,支，,33,支硬度偏,高,高至,325HB,。井冈山,电,电厂共采,购,购,29,支，,16,支钢管硬,度,度偏高至,330HB,。,进口管道,质,质量现状,金相组织,主要表现,在,在,P91/92,材料中,-,铁素体含,量,量超标，,WB36,材料中铁,素,素体含量,偏,偏多等。,-,铁素体含,量,量超标,进口管道,质,质量现状,层状缺陷,W-G,挤压成型,P91/92,钢管，管,端,端存在层,状,状缺陷，,缺,缺陷性质,类,类似于断,续,续分布平,行,行于表面,的,的分层折,叠,叠缺陷。,产生原因,：,：钢坯浇,铸,铸过程工,艺,艺不当或,切,切冒头不,足,足，钢坯,内,内存在气,孔,孔类缺陷,，,，或热挤,压,压成型后,剪,剪边不足,造,造成缺陷,。,。,管端层状,缺,缺陷,进口管道,质,质量现状,焊缝缺陷,某电厂进,口,口韩国钢,花,花公司的,A672B70CL32,冷段旁路,出,出口管道,23,个管段纵,焊,焊缝发现,危,危害类缺,陷,陷,90,余处，,90%,以上为裂,纹,纹类,级缺陷。,国产管道,质,质量现状,2023/3/8,我国,“,十一五,”,后期及,“,十二五,”,期间电,力,力发展,将,将趋于,平,平稳，,每,每年新,增,增火电,装,装机容,量,量将在,5000,万,KW,左右，,且,且以大,容,容量，,超,超超临,界,界机组,为,为主，,需,需高压,锅,锅炉管,50,万吨左,右,右，大,口,口径厚,壁,壁合金,钢,钢管是,缺,缺口较,大,大的品,种,种，年,需,需进口,在,在,6,10,万吨。,高附加,值,值的大,口,口径厚,壁,壁无缝,钢,钢管,P91/P92,长期依,赖,赖进口,，,，由于,价,价格高,，,，交货,期,期长成,为,为超超,临,临界机,组,组生产,的,的最大,瓶,瓶颈。,国产管,道,道质量,现,现状,2023/3/8,企业名称,材料,钢坯来源,生产工艺,北方重工,A335 P91,/92,、,WB36,自炼,锻造镗孔,垂直挤压,武汉重工,A335 P91,、,WB36,自炼,冲孔拉伸,攀成钢,A335 P91,、,WB36,自炼,周期式轧制,扬州诚德,A335 P91,/92,、,WB36,外购,穿孔斜轧,衡阳华菱,A335 P91,、,WB36,外购,周期式轧制,四川三洲,A335 P91,、,WB36,外购,周期式轧制,国内供,应,应商,国产管,道,道质量,现,现状,2023/3/8,生产厂家,C,S,N,P,Si,Cr,Mn,Ni,Mo,V,Al,Nb,ASME SA-335,0.080.12,0.01,0.030.07,0.02,0.200.50,8.09.50,0.300.60,0.40,0.851.05,0.180.25,0.04,0.060.10,北方重工,0.089,0.001,0.053,0.01,0.33,8.60,0.40,0.22,0.84,0.19,0.018,0.089,武汉重工,0.082,0.001,0.065,0.01,0.34,8.55,0.34,0.19,0.89,0.20,0.019,0.099,攀成钢,0.12,0.001,0.042,0.015,0.30,8.67,0.40,0.12,0.94,0.18,0.018,0.088,四川三洲,0.10,0.006,0.039,0.017,0.27,8.18,0.34,0.055,0.87,0.22,0.018,0.09,P91,钢管化,学,学成分,比,比较,各厂家,在,在化学,成,成分控,制,制上，,基,基本都,能,能满足,ASME,规范要,求,求。在,S,、,P,元素的,控,控制上,，,，北方,重,重工和,武,武汉重,工,工较好,。,。,国产管,道,道质量,现,现状,2023/3/8,WB36,（,15NiCuMoNb5),化学成,分,分比较,生产厂家,C,S,N,P,Si,Cr,Mn,Ni,Mo,Cu,Al,Nb,EN10216-2,0.17,0.02,-,0.025,0.250.50,0.30,0.81.2,1.01.3,0.250.5,0.50.8,0.05,0.0150.045,曼内斯曼,0.15,0.0007,0.0073,0.01,0.32,0.23,1.02,1.18,0.29,0.67,0.017,0.023,武汉重工,0.14,0.0007,0.005,0.01,0.30,0.25,1.07,1.18,0.27,0.49,0.017,0.023,攀成钢,0.15,0.0006,0.007,0.012,0.42,0.053,1.01,1.24,0.32,0.62,0.01,0.024,四川三洲,0.17,0.0018,0.009,0.01,0.36,0.26,1.02,1.24,0.39,0.59,0.05,0.031,基本满,足,足,EN10216-2,要求。,攀,攀成钢,将,将,Cr,含量控,制,制得较,低,低（,0.1%,），其,余,余几家,企,企业,Cr,含量一