促进奶业发展中的做法

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,创新机制，强化措施推进宁夏奶业又好又快发展Innovate Mechanism and Strengthen Measures to Facilitate Sound and Rapid Development of Dairy Industry in Ningxia,宁夏回族自治区农牧厅,Department of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region,二八年八月,August, 2008,宁夏,是,是我,国,国五,个,个少,数,数民,族,族自,治,治区,之,之一,。,。,Oneofthe5minoritygroupautonomousregionsinChina,地理,位,位置,：,：地处,中,中国,西,西北,部,部、,黄,黄河,中,中上,游,游。,东,东经10410,107,39,，,北,北纬35,14,3923,之,间,间，,从,从纬,度,度上,，,，处,在,在世,界,界公,认,认的,奶,奶牛,适,适宜,分,分布,带,带上,。,。,Location:North-eastChina,MiddleandupperreachesofYellowriver.104,10,10739,E,35,143923,N.Inabeltworldlyrecognizedasbeingsuitableforcattlebreeding.,地形,地,地势,：,：南北,狭,狭长,，,，南,高,高北,低,低，,平,平均,海,海拔1000,米,米以,上,上。,Topography:Anarrowstripslopingdownfromsouthtonorthwithanaveragealtitudeofover1000m.,气候,：,：典型,的,的温,带,带大,陆,陆性,气,气候,，,，年,均,均降,水,水量305毫,米,米，,年,年均,气,气温510,。,Climate:Typicalcontinentalclimate,averageannualprecipitation:305mm,averageannualtemperature:510,一、,宁夏,奶,奶业,发,发展,现,现状,.StatusofDairyIndustryinNingxia,总面积：6.64万,平,平方公里。,Area:66,400 km,2,.,总人口：603万。 其中，,农,农村人口415万，占68.7%。回族215万，占36%。,Population:6.03m, ofwhich4.15m, or68.7%is rural,and2.15m, or36%is Hui.,一、,宁夏奶业发,展,展现状,. Statusof Dairy Industry inNingxia,一、,宁夏奶业发,展,展现状,. Statusof Dairy Industry inNingxia,按照自然地,理,理条件和经,济,济社会发展,水,水平，可分,为,为北部引黄,灌,灌区，中部,干,干旱带和南,部,部山区三大,板,板块。 Ningxia canbe divided into three areas according to naturalconditionsandthe statusof economic and social development.,引黄灌区,North: Channeling water from YellowRiver toirrigate,南部山区,South: Mountainous,中部干旱带Central:arid,北部引黄灌,区,区有黄河水,自,自流灌溉之,便,便，玉米、,水,水稻、优质,苜,苜蓿等饲草,料,料资源丰富,，,，发展奶牛,养,养殖业条件,十,十分优越。WithwaterfromtheYellow River, the northern area isin favorable condition for thedevelopment ofdairy husbandry dueto abundant production of corn, rice, quality clover,and otherfeeds.,2003年,奶,奶产业被自,治,治区政府确,定,定为农业产,业,业化五大战,略,略性主导产,业,业之一，已,连,连续多年保,持,持快速发展,的,的势头。,特别是在自,治,治区党委、,政,政府的高度,重,重视和农业,部,部的大力支,持,持下，我区,坚,坚持区域化,布,布局、规模,化,化养殖、产,业,业化经营的,发,发展思路，,组,组织实施了,宁夏奶业,发,发展行动计,划,划（2002-2005）和,宁,宁夏奶牛提,质,质增效行动,计,计划（2007-2010），,通,通过采取奶,牛,牛品种改良,、,、乳品加工,、,、质量监管,和,和优质饲草,生,生产等措施,，,，使我区奶,产,产业进入了,一,一个数量质,量,量同步发展,的,的新阶段，,奶,奶产业已成,为,为我区产业,化,化程度较高,、,、饲养规模,较,较大、农业,结,结构优化和,带,带动农民增,收,收较强的支,柱,柱产业。Identifiedby the regional government in2003as one ofthe5 prioritized industries,dairy industryhasmaintaineditsmomentumfor quitea fewyears. With supportfromthepartycommitteeandgovernmentof the regionand MOA ofChina, Ningxiahasbeenseeking toregionalize and industrializetheindustry and promotelarge-scale breeding. Ningxiagovernment hasbeenimplementing the ActionPlanto DevelopDairy Industryin Ningxia (2002-2005) and the Action Plan to ImproveCattle Qualityand Efficiencyin Ningxia(2007-2010). By improving varieties, processing procedures,quality supervisionandfeedproduction, thedairy industryof Ningxia hasentered into anewareamarked byrapiddevelopment both interms ofquantity and quality. Dairy industry hasbecome apillar industrywithhighlevel ofindustrialization, large-scalebreedingand good structure that playsa significant role in increasing farmers, income.,一、,宁夏奶业发,展,展现状,. Statusof Dairy Industry inNingxia,2007年,全,全区奶牛存,栏,栏32万头,，,，鲜奶总产,量,量94万吨,，,，与2002年相比，,年,年均增长25.6%和25%。In 2007, the region had 320,000cowsanda total milk yield of 940,000tons,25.6% and25%higher than 2002 respectively.,一、,宁夏奶业发,展,展现状,. Statusof Dairy Industry inNingxia,CowsYield,成母牛年均,单,单产突破6000千克,，,，居全国第4位。Annualyieldperadultcowhas reached 6000 kg,ranking at the4thin China.,一、,宁夏奶业发,展,展现状,. Statusof Dairy Industry inNingxia,人均鲜奶占,有,有量154,千,千克，是全,国,国平均水平,的,的6倍以上,。,。Percapita milk availabilityis 154 kg,morethan6 times of nationalaverage.,奶牛养殖业,产,产值18亿,元,元，占全区,畜,畜牧业产值,的,的32%。Productionvalue ofdairyhusbandryis 1.8 billionRMB,accounting for32%of animalhusbandryin Ningxia.,形成了以银,川,川、吴忠两,市,市为核心区,的,的奶牛产业,带,带，两市奶,牛,牛存栏和产,奶,奶量分别占,全,全区总数的88.1%,和,和88.2%。Anindustry belt with Yinchuan and Wuzhongas centershastakenshape. Combined, the 2 citiesaccount for 88.1% of cows and88.2% ofmilkyieldin the region.,吴忠市区农,民,民人均奶业,纯,纯收入990.3元，,占,占农民人均,纯,纯收入的20%。Per capita net incomeof farmersfromdairy industryin Wuzhong is990.3RMB,representing 20% oftheir total net income.,一、,宁夏奶业发,展,展现状,. Statusof Dairy Industry inNingxia,（一）加快,奶,奶牛群改良,步,步伐，提高,奶,奶牛单产水,平,平高,1. Improvevarietiesto increase unit yield,针对我区奶,牛,牛单产水平,低,低、养殖效,率,率不高的问,题,题，2002年宁夏在,全,全国率先开,始,始实施宁,夏,夏奶牛品种,改,改良项目,，,，是全国开,展,展奶牛品种,改,改良较早的,省,省区之一。To addressproblemssuchas low unit yield and breedingefficiency, in2002, Ningxialaunched the Programof DairyCattle VarietyImprovement, makingitself oneof the first provinces/regions inChinato launchsucha program.,2006年,又,又在吴忠市8个县(区)启动了国,家,家奶牛良,种,种补贴项,目,目。In2006,Ningxia initiated the programof Variety Improvement Subsidy in8 counties/districtsof Wuzhong.,二、,主要做,法,法,.MajorPractices,7年间,自,自治区,和,和国家,农,农业部,累,累计补,贴,贴2833万,元,元（其,中,中：自,治,治区财,政,政1553万,元,元）。Inthepast7 years,subsidy fromNingxiagovernment andMOAofChinaaccumulatedto28.33millionRMB, of which 15.53 millionisfromfiscalbudget of theregion.,统一筛,选,选引进,国,国内外,优,优质荷,斯,斯坦牛,冻,冻精158万,余,余支，,累,累计改,良,良奶牛77.6万头,。,。1.58million ampoules of high-qualityfrozensemenofHolsteinhavebeen introduced, resultingin776,000 cowsofimprovedvariety.,完成奶,牛,牛统一,建,建档立,卡,卡和佩,戴,戴耳标,的,的29.8万,头,头，占,存,存栏总,数,数的92.9%。298,000cows,or92.9%ofthe total,have beenfiledand earmarked.,实现奶,牛,牛系谱,资,资料计,算,算机管,理,理24,万,万头，,占,占存栏,总,总数的74.9%。240,000 cows, or 74.9% of thetotal,havehadtheirfamily datamanagedbycomputer.,据统计,，,，改良,后,后代母,牛,牛头胎,平,平均单,产,产达到7142公斤,，,，比项,目,目实施,前,前提高,了,了2000公,斤,斤，年,均,均提高404,公,公斤。Accordingtostatistics,yieldper cowofthe1st parityofimprovedvariety hasreached 7142kg, 2000kgmorethan before,representing an averageannual increase of 404kg.,二、,主要做,法,法,.MajorPractices,（,二）大,力,力实施,奶,奶牛出,户,户入园,工,工程，,推,推进标,准,准化规,模,模养殖,2.Move cattlefrom householdstofarmstopromotelarge-scalestandardbreeding,自2005年,自,自治区,启,启动“,奶,奶牛出,户,户入园,工,工程”,以,以来，,不,不断加,大,大标准,化,化规模,奶,奶牛场,和,和养殖,园,园区建,设,设力度,，,，全面,推,推广园,区,区化饲,养,养、集,约,约化经,营,营、机,械,械化挤,奶,奶的养,殖,殖模式,。,。Sincethe ProgramofMoving Cattlefrom HouseholdstoFarmswas launched in 2005, manylarge-scalestandardfarmshas beenbuilttopromotethemodelfeaturedbyconcentrated breeding,intensiveoperation andmechanized milking.,目前全,区,区存栏,奶,奶牛50头以,上,上的规,模,模奶牛,场,场和养,殖,殖园区324,个,个，奶,牛,牛存栏14.4万头,，,，占全,区,区奶牛,存,存栏总,数,数的45.2%。There are324farmswithover 50 cowsinthe region.All together,thesefarmshave 144,000cows,accountingfor45.2%ofthe total.,机械化,挤,挤奶站,（,（厅）,累,累计达,到,到466个，,机,机械化,挤,挤奶辐,射,射奶牛,占,占泌乳,奶,奶牛的65%,以,以上。Thereare466 mechanizedmilkingstations,coveringover65%oflactating cowsinthe region.,二、,主要做,法,法,.MajorPractices,（三）,大,大力开,展,展优质,饲,饲草料,生,生产，,建,建立推,广,广应用,新,新机制,3.Promote qualityfeedproduction andestablish, extendandapplyanewmechanism,从2003年,开,开始，,在,在奶牛,主,主产区,全,全面推,广,广全株,玉,玉米青,贮,贮和优,质,质牧草,（,（苜蓿,）,）种植,。,。2007年,全,全区青,贮,贮玉米,种,种植面,积,积28,万,万亩，,制,制作全,株,株玉米,青,青贮65万吨,。,。优质,牧,牧草种,植,植面积100,万,万亩。Theregion began to extendtheplantingofsilage cornand qualitypasture(alfalfa)in2003.In2007,plantingareaofsilagecornwas280,000muand560,000tons of whole-plant cornsilage wasproduced.Plantingareaofquality pasturewas 1millionmu.,二、,主要做,法,法,.MajorPractices,（三）,大,大力开,展,展优质,饲,饲草料,生,生产，,建,建立推,广,广应用,新,新机制,3.Promote qualityfeedproduction andestablish, extendandapplyanewmechanism,建立了20余,家,家集饲,草,草加工,调,调制、,贮,贮存和,配,配送为,一,一体的,大,大型饲,草,草配送,中,中心，,与,与种植,农,农户和,养,养殖农,户,户签订,收,收购及,配,配送合,同,同，实,行,行订单,式,式服务,，,，取得,了,了明显,的,的成效,。,。The regionhasbuiltover20large-scalefeed distributioncenters thatintegrate thefunctionsofprocessing,storageanddistribution.They signcontracts withfeedgrowers andcattlefarmersandprovideservicesbasedonorders, which is muchmoreeffective.,二、,主要做法,. Major Practices,（三）大力开,展,展优质饲草料,生,生产，建立推,广,广应用新机制,3. Promote qualityfeedproduction and establish, extend andapplya newmechanism,在骨干奶牛场,推,推广使用全混,合,合日粮饲喂技,术,术，使奶牛单,产,产水平显著提,高,高。Theregionhas appliedthe feedingtechnique of total mixed ration inleading dairy farms, significantly increasing unit yield.,二、,主要做法,. Major Practices,（三）大力开,展,展优质饲草料,生,生产，建立推,广,广应用新机制,3. Promote qualityfeedproduction and establish, extend andapplya newmechanism,一些规模奶牛,场,场开始采用沼,气,气和微生物技,术,术处理粪便，,利,利用粪便加工,制,制作复合有机,肥,肥，不仅优化,了,了农业结构，,而,而且带动了饲,草,草料加工利用,，,，推进了健康,养,养殖。Some large dairy farms hasbegunto treat feces with methane and microorganism techniques toproduce compound organicfertilizer,whichnot only optimizes theagriculturalstructure,but also drives the processingof feed, thus promotinghealthy breeding.,二、,主要做法,. Major Practices,二、,主要做法,. Major Practices,（四）依法加,强,强原奶收购流,通,通市场监管，,规,规范原料奶市,场,场,4. Regulatethe raw milkmarket by strengthen supervision ofmilkpurchase andcirculation,2004年以,来,来，自治区农,牧,牧厅、工商局,和,和质量技术监,督,督局联合制定,了,了宁夏回族,自,自治区生鲜牛,奶,奶收购质量监,督,督管理办法,，,，对原料奶的,生,生产、加工、,运,运输和销售各,环,环节监管做了,明,明确规范。In 2004, theDepartment of Agriculture andAnimalHusbandry,Administration forIndustry and Commerce and Bureau ofQuality andTechnical Supervision constituted the Measure for theTechnical Supervision of RawMilk Purchase of Ningxia, providingspecific criteriafor the production, processing, transportation and sales ofraw milk.,各地相应成立,了,了联合执法大,队,队，科学设置,原,原料奶收购市,场,场准入条件，,规,规范原料奶收,购,购秩序，严厉,打,打击无证经营,、,、掺假使假、,恶,恶意竞争等不,法,法行为，初步,建,建立起了运行,规,规范，收购畅,通,通的市场秩序,。,。Accordingly, allied lawenforcementcorpswereestablishedto setscientificmarketentrance conditions ofmilk purchasers, regulate thepurchasing order,strikeon illegalpractices such asun-certifiedoperation,addingshammilk and vicious competition,whichhelpedto establish a regulated andsmoothly-operatingmarket.,2008年元,月,月1日宁夏,奶,奶业发展条例,正式颁布实,施,施，为我区原,料,料奶收购市场,的,的规范创造了,良,良好的法制环,境,境。In Jan. 1,2008,the Regulations on theDevelopmentof Dairy Industryin Ningxia came into effect, which createda favorablelegalenvironmentfor regulating the rawmilk market.,（五）加快建,设,设优质奶源基,地,地，促进乳品,加,加工企业发展,5. Speed upthe buildingof qualitymilk sourcebasesto facilitate thedevelopmentof dairy processing enterprises,全区开工生产,的,的各类乳品加,工,工企业24家,，,，年加工鲜奶,能,能力120万,吨,吨。Theregionhas 24 dairy processingenterpriseswitha total annual capacityof 1.2million tons.,2007年实,际,际加工鲜奶65万吨，比2003年增长,了,了2.5倍，,生,生产液态奶12.78万吨,，,，奶粉5.26万吨，实现,销,销售收入12.17亿元，,比,比2003年,增,增长了3倍。In 2007, 650,000 tons ofmilkwas processed, 2.5timeshigher than2003;127,800 tons of liquidmilk and 52,600 tons ofmilk powderwere produced withsalesof 1.217 billionRMB, 3timeshigher than2003.,新,华,华,百,百,货,货,夏,夏,进,进,公,公,司,司,跻,跻,身,身,国,国,家,家,农,农,业,业,产,产,业,业,化,化,重,重,点,点,龙,龙,头,头,企,企,业,业,，,，,产,产,品,品,获,获,得,得,中,中,国,国,名,名,牌,牌,产,产,品,品,称,称,号,号,。,。XiajinMilkhasbecomeoneoftheleadingcompaniesinChineseagriculturalindustrializationprogram,anditsproductshavebeennamedChineseName-BrandProducts.,一,批,批,区,区,外,外,知,知,名,名,企,企,业,业,相,相,继,继,在,在,我,我,区,区,投,投,资,资,建,建,厂,厂,，,，,奶,奶,牛,牛,养,养,殖,殖,的,的,发,发,展,展,空,空,间,间,不,不,断,断,扩,扩,大,大,。,。Anumberofwell-knowncompaniesinvestedintheregion,enlargingtheroomforfurtherdevelopmentofdairyhusbandry.,二,、,、,主,要,要,做,做,法,法,.MajorPractices,奶,牛,牛,生,生,产,产,水,水,平,平,参,参,差,差,不,不,齐,齐,，,，,既,既,有,有,标,标,准,准,化,化,规,规,模,模,化,化,程,程,度,度,较,较,高,高,的,的,大,大,型,型,奶,奶,牛,牛,场,场,（,（,小,小,区,区,）,）,，,，,又,又,有,有,分,分,散,散,的,的,小,小,户,户,饲,饲,养,养,，,，,小,小,生,生,产,产,与,与,大,大,市,市,场,场,的,的,矛,矛,盾,盾,突,突,出,出,；,；Productioncapabilityvaries.Thoughwehavemanylarge-scalestandardfarms,thereisstilltheproblemofsmall-scaleproductionversusalargemarketduetotheexistenceofabignumberofhouseholdbusinesses.,动物疫情形势严,峻,峻，两病检疫净,化,化难度加大；Zoonoticdiseases arestill athreat. Quarantine and decontamination oftuberculosisand brucellosis is becomingincreasingly difficult.,奶农的组织化程,度,度不高，养殖专,业,业合作组织发展,滞,滞后，乳品加工,企,企业与奶农的利,益,益联接机制尚未,完,完全建立；Milk farmers arenot highly organized, professionalcooperative organizations is developing slowly,and theinterest sharing system between processors and farmershasntbeen well developed.,缺乏优势龙头企,业,业和优势品牌的,带,带动，乳品加工,企,企业大多数生产,规,规模小，产品单,一,一，技术水平和,产,产品附加值不高,，,，作为日常消费,品,品缺乏知名品牌,，,，乳制品市场占,有,有率不高，目标,市,市场开拓力不够,，,，竞争力不强等,制,制约着我区奶业,的,的发展壮大。There isno company orbrandstrongenoughto leadthe development of the dairy industry inthis region. Most dairy processorsare small oneswithout advanced techniquethat produce identical products with low added value. Tobe stronger,the dairy industry still needs to addressproblems suchas lackof famous brand, small market share, under-developed target markets and weakcompetitiveness.,三、,主要问题,. Major Issues,四、今后发展思,路,路和目标.Guidelines and Goals for FurtherDevelopment,以党的“十七大,”,”精神为指导，,全,全面贯彻落实,国,国务院关于促进,奶,奶业持续健康发,展,展的意见（国,发,发200731号），把发,展,展现代奶业放在,更,更加重要的位置,，,，以保护奶农利,益,益为根本，以提,高,高良种化水平和,转,转变饲养方式为,基,基础。强化奶源,基,基地和良种繁育,体,体系建设，培育,壮,壮大乳品加工企,业,业，建立完善奶,业,业法律法规、质,量,量标准和规范的,市,市场秩序，加快,奶,奶业新技术引进,和,和推广应用，提,高,高奶业集约化、,标,标准化、产业化,和,和优质化水平，,增,增强市场竞争力,，,，促进奶业持续,健,健康发展。Guided bythe principles of the 17thNational Congress ofCPC andthe Opinionsof State Council on Promoting the Sustainable andSoundDevelopment ofDairyIndustry, theregiongives high priority to the development ofdairy industry. Keeping in mind theinterest of milk farmers, it seeksto improve cattle varietiesand transformbreeding methods. Ina bidto facilitatethe sustainable and sound development of dairy industry,greateffortswill be madeto build milksourcebases and a variety improvement system, foster strongerprocessing enterprises, improve thelegalframework andqualitystandards, regulatethe market, accelerate the introduction and extension ofnew techniques, makethe dairy industry more concentrated, standard,industrialized, and with high quality andenhanceits competitiveness.,到2012年，,全,全区奶牛存栏达,到,到80万头，鲜,奶,奶总产量达到300万吨。By2012,the number ofcows reaches 800,000and total milk yield3 million tons.,成母牛年均单产,达,达到6600千,克,克以上。Average unit yield of adult cows reaches 6,600 kg.,培育产奶量在8000千克以上,的,的高产奶牛核心,群,群10万头。The number of cows with a unit yieldof over 8,000kg reaches 100,000.,标准化规模养殖,比,比重达到80%,以,以上，青贮饲料,入,入户率达到80%以上。Thepercentage oflarge-scale standardbreeding reaches 80%, and family introduction percentage of silage over 80%.,机械化挤奶普及,率,率要达到90%,以,以上。Thepercentage ofmechanized milking reaches 90%.,奶牛养殖业产值,达,达到70亿元，,占,占畜牧业总产值,的,的40%。Production valueof dairy husbandry reaches7 billion RMB,accounting for 40% of animal husbandry inNingxia.,乳制品加工业实,现,现产值60亿元,，,，年均增长20%以上。Productionvalueof processingreaches6 billion RMB, withan average annual growth rate of over 20%.,四、今后发展思,路,路和目标.Guidelines and Goals for FurtherDevelopment,谢谢！,演讲完毕，谢谢,观,观看！,