土木工程专业语英Unit

,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,土木工程英语教材 UNIT 2,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,*,土木工程英语教材 UNIT 9,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,*,土木工程英语教材 UNIT 9,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,*,土木工程英语教材 UNIT 9,UNIT one,A BRIEF INTRODUCITON TO CIVIL ENGINEERING,土木工程英语教材 UNIT 1,土木工程英语教材 UNIT 1,Section 2 Read and Think,Part,I,Pre-reading task:,What is civil engineering?,What are the factors included in civil,engineering?,土木工程英语教材 UNIT 1,Section 2 Read and Think,Part,II,Passage,Civil,sivl,Engineering,endi,niri,土木工程,Para.1,Civil engineering,is,a,branch,of,engineering that,deals with,the design and construction of structures,such as buildings and houses,dams,tunnels,bridges,canals,(,管槽),sanitation,sni,tein,systems(,环境卫生系统,),and the stationary,steinri(,adj.固定的),parts(固定设施)of transportation systems(交通系统)highways,airports,port facilities,(,港口设备),and roadbeds for railroads(,火车轨道路基,),.,土木工程英语教材 UNIT 1,Section 2 Read and Think,Part,II,Passage,Civil,Engineering,a branch,br:nt,of,分支，分部,e.g.The companys head office is in the city,but it has branches all over the country.,公司的总部在这个城市，但它的分公司遍布全国各地。,port,p:t,facilities,f,siliti,港口设备，港口设施,e.g.The construction was announced of Hong Kongs largest port facility,Container Terminal No.9 on Tsing Yi Island.,当局在一九九八年公布建造全港最大的港口设施即位于青 衣岛的九号货柜码头。,土木工程英语教材 UNIT 1,Section 2 Read and Think,Part,II,Passage,Civil,Engineering,土木工程是工程学的一个分支，主要负责设计和建造各种建筑结构，如楼房、水坝、隧道、桥梁、管槽、环境卫生系统、交通系统中的固定设施高速公路、机场、港口设施及火车轨道路基等。,土木工程英语教材 UNIT 1,Section 2 Read and Think,Part,II,Passage,Civil,Engineering,Para.2,Among its,subdivisions,are,structural engineering,(,结构工程),dealing with,permanent structures,(,永久结构),;,hydraulic,hai,dr:lik,engineering,(,水利工程),dealing with the flow of water,(,水流),and other fluids;,and,environmental/sanitary engineering,(,环境或环卫工程),dealing,with,water,supply(,供水,),water purification,pjurifi,kein,(,水的净化),and,sewer systems,(,污水处理系统),;,as well as,urban planning and design,(,城市规划),.,土木工程英语教材 UNIT 1,Section 2 Read and Think,Part,II,Passage,Civil,Engineering,subdivision,sbdi,vin,n.,细再分;细分分成的部分;(供出卖的)小块土地,分装的商品,e.g.each plot was further subdivided 对每一个小区再行划分,land subdivision 分割土地,environmental,in,vairn,mentl,adj.,环境(产生)的;周包围的,e.g.environmental costs 环境成本,environmental waste 环境废物,sanitary,snitri,engineering,endi,niri,卫生工程,e.g.municipal sanitary engineering 城市卫生工程学,public sanitary engineering 公共卫生工程,sewer,su,systems,排水工程,e.g.maintenance of sewer system 市政排水系统,土木工程英语教材 UNIT 1,Section 2 Read and Think,Part,II,Passage,Civil,Engineering,在土木工程的分类中，可分为：结构工程，主要涉及永久结构方面；水利工程，主要负责解决水流及其他液体的问题；环境或环卫工程，主要处理供水、水的净化及污水处理系统；以及城市规划。,土木工程英语教材 UNIT 1,Section 2 Read and Think,Part,II,Passage,Civil,Engineering,The term civil engineering originally,ridnli,came into use,to distinguish,dis,tiwi(区别）,it from,military,engineering,(,军事工程).,Civil engineering dealt with,permanent,structures(,永久性建筑结构,),for,civilian,use,(民用）,whereas military engineering dealt with,temporary,structures for military use（,临时性的军用建筑）。,.,土木工程英语教材 UNIT 1,Section 2 Read and Think,Part,II,Passage,Civil,Engineering,come into use,开始被使用,e.g.The new car will come into use next month.,那辆新车将于下月开始使用。,military,militri,adj.,军人的；军用的；军事的,e.g.a military aeronautical school 军事航空学校,military arts 军事艺术,permanent,p:mnnt,adj.,永久性的,耐久的,固定不变的,e.g.permanent address 永久地址,permanent assets 【会计】固定资产,civilian,si,viljn,n.,市民；平民，老百姓（与军人相对而言）,e.g.civilian use 民用 a civilian career 平民职业,土木工程英语教材 UNIT 1,Section 2 Read and Think,Part,II,Passage,Civil,Engineering,temporary,temprri,adj.,暂时的,临时的;一时的,e.g.temporary workers 临时工,temporary needs 临时需要,土木工程英语教材 UNIT 1,Section 2 Read and Think,Part,II,Passage,Civil,Engineering,“土木工程”这个术语起初是用来与“军事工程”相区别的，土木工程处理的是民用的永久性建筑结构，而军事工程则是主要负责处理临时性的军用建筑。,土木工程英语教材 UNIT 1,Section 2 Read and Think,Part,II,Passage,Civil,Engineering,Para.3,Civil engineering offers a particular challenge because almost every structure or system that is designed and built by civil engineers is,unique,（,独一无二的）,.,One structure rarely,duplicates,another exactly.,Even when structures seem to be identical,（,完全相同）,site requirements,（,选址的要求）,or other factors generally result in,modification,（,变更）,.Large structures like dams,bridges,or,tunnels may differ,substantially,from previous structures.,土木工程英语教材 UNIT 1,Section 2 Read and Think,Part,II,Passage,Civil,Engineering,unique,ju:,ni:k,adj.,唯一的；无与伦比的；独特的,e.g.unique feature 特色,That building is unique because all the others like it were,destroyed.,那座建筑很独特，因为所有像它那样的其他建筑都毁坏了,duplicate,dju:plikeit,vt.,使加倍；使成双；使重复；重叠,e.g.duplicate expenses 使费用加倍,duplicate a letter 复写信件,modification,mdifi,kein,n.,变更,修正;改进;,e.g.data modification 数据修改,The law,in its present form,is unjust;it needs modification.,现行的法律是不公正的;它需要修改。,substantially,sb,stn()l,adv.,主要地；实质上地,e.g.substantially alters 实质变更,土木工程英语教材 UNIT 1,Section 2 Read and Think,Part,II,Passage,Civil,Engineering,土木工程包含着一个独特的挑战，因为土木工程师设计及建造的几乎每一项建筑结构或系统都是独一无二的。一项建筑结构绝少是对另一项结构的全盘复制。即使有时候某些结构好像是完全相同的，但对选址的要求或其他因素通常都会导致结构发生改变。大型建筑，如水坝、桥梁或隧道等，都会与先前已有的结构大不相同。,土木工程英语教材 UNIT 1,Section 2 R