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单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,AAA,*,氧化还原滴定习题课,分析化学,习题课(二),分析化学教研室,氧化还原滴定法习题,练习,1计算1mol/L的HCL溶液中C,Ce,4+,=1.0010,-2,mol/L,和C,Ce,3+,=1.0010,-3,mol/L时Ce,4+,/Ce,3+,电对的电位。,解:,练习,2在1mol/L的HCL溶液中,Cr,2,O,7,2-,/Cr,3+,电对的条件,电位为1.00V,计算用固体亚铁盐将0.1000mol/L的,KCr,2,O,7,还原至一半时的电位?,解:,Cr,2,O,7,2-,+6e+14H,+,2Cr,3+,+7H,2,O,练习,3计算0.10mol/L的HCL溶液中As()/As()电对的,条件电位。,解:,AsO,4,3-,+2e+2H,+,AsO,3,3-,+H,2,O,练习,4计算MnO,4,-,/Mn,2+,电对的电位与pH的关系,并计算,pH=2.0和pH=5.0时的条件电位,解:,MnO,4,-,+5e+8H,+,Mn,2+,+4H,2,O,练习,5,计算pH=10.0,C,NH3,=0.20mol/L的NH,3,-NH,4,CL缓冲,溶液中,Zn,2+,/Zn电对的电位。,解:,练习,6计算pH=10.0时,总浓度为0.10mol/L NH,3,-NH,4,CL,的缓冲溶液中,Ag,+,/Ag电对的条件电位。忽略离子,强度的影响。已知:Ag-NH,3,的lg,1,lg,2,分别为,3.24,7.05,NH,4,+,的p,K,a=9.25,,Ag,+,/Ag,=0.80(v),解:,练习,7计算pH=3.0,含有未络合EDTA的浓度为0.1000,mol/L时,Fe,3+,/Fe,2+,的条件电极电位。,已知pH=3.0时的lg,Y(H),=10.6,lgK,(FeY,-,),=25.1,,lgK,(FeY,2-,),=14.32,,=0.77V,忽略离子强度。,解:,练习,8根据电极电位计算下列反应的平衡常数,解:,IO,3,-,+5I,-,+6H,+,3I,2,+3H,2,O,练习,9计算在1mol/L的H,2,SO,4,介质中,Ce,4+,与 Fe,2+,滴定反,应的平衡常数及化学计量点时的电位?并计算滴定,突跃范围?,解:,练习,10计算1mol/L的H,2,SO,4,溶液中,用KMnO,4,滴定Fe,2+,的平衡常数。达到化学计量点时的C,Fe,3+,/C,Fe,2+,为多少?,解:,MnO,4,-,+5Fe,2+,+8H,+,Mn,2+,+5Fe,3+,+4H,2,O,练习,11.称取0.1082g的K,2,Cr,2,O,7,,溶解后,酸化并加入过量,的KI,生成的I,2,需用21.98ml的Na,2,S,2,O,3,溶液滴定,问,Na,2,S,2,O,3,溶液的浓度为多少?,解:,Cr,2,O,7,2-,+6I,-,(过量)+14H,+,2Cr,3+,+3I,2,+7H,2,O,I,2,+2S,2,O,3,2-,2I,-,+S,4,O,6,2-,练习,1225.00mLKI溶液用稀盐酸及10.00mL,浓度为,0.0500 mol/L的KIO,3,溶液处理,反应后煮沸驱尽,所生成的I,2,,冷却,加入过量的KI与剩余KIO,3,反应,析出的I,2,用0.1010mol/L的Na,2,S,2,O,3,溶液,滴定,消耗21.27mL,求KI溶液的浓度?,解:,1KIO,3,5KI 1KIO,3,3I,2,6S,2,O,3,2-,IO,3,-,+5I,-,(过量),+6H,+,3I,2,+3H,2,O,I,2,+2S,2,O,3,2-,2I,-,+S,4,O,6,2-,练习,1340.O0mL的KMnO,4,溶液恰能氧化一定重量的,KHC,2,O,4,H,2,C,2,O,4,2H,2,O,同样重量的物质又恰,能被30.00mL的KOH标准溶液(0.2000mol/L)所,中和,试计算KMnO,4,的浓度?,解:,酸碱:1 KHC,2,O,4,H,2,C,2,O,4,2H,2,O3 H,+,3 OH,-,氧化还原:2MnO,4,-,+5C,2,O,4,2-,+16H,+,2Mn,2+,+10CO,2,+8H,2,O,5 KHC,2,O,4,H,2,C,2,O,4,2H,2,O4 MnO,4,-,4 MnO,4,-,15OH,-,练习,14测定水中硫化物,在50mL微酸性水样中加入,20.00mL 0.05020mol.L的I,2,溶液,待反应完全后,,剩余的I,2,需用21.16mL 0.05032mol/L的Na,2,S,2,O,3,溶液滴定至终点。求每升废水中含H,2,S的克数。,解:,I,2,(定过量),+S,2-,2I,-,+S,I,2,(剩余),+2S,2,O,3,2-,2I,-,+S,4,O,6,2-,续前,练习,15设用0.2000mol/L的KMnO,4,溶液滴定2.500g双氧水,在标准状态下放出氧气50.40mL,求所需KMnO,4,溶,液的毫升数和双氧水中H,2,O,2,的含量。,解:,2MnO,4,-,+5 H,2,O,2,+6H,+,2Mn,2+,+5O,2,+8H,2,O,练习,16今有含As,2,O,3,和As,2,O,5,及惰性杂质的混合物,将其,溶于碱溶液后再调节成中性,此溶液需用0.02500,mol/L的I,2,溶液21.00mL滴定至终点。然后再将所得,溶液酸化,加入过量KI,析出的I,2,需0.07500mol/L,的Na,2,S,2,O,3,溶液30.00mL才能反应完全,求混合物,中As,2,O,3,和As,2,O,5,的质量。,解:,碱性条件下,As,2,O,5,+6OH,-,2AsO,4,2-,+3H,2,O,As,2,O,3,+6OH,-,2AsO,3,3-,+3H,2,O,AsO,3,3-,+I,2,+H,2,O AsO,4,3-,+2 I,-,+2H,+,续前,酸性条件下:,AsO,4,3-,+2I,-,+2H,+,AsO,3,3-,+I,2,(析出),I,2,(析出)+2S,2,O,3,2-,2I,-,+S,4,O,6,2-,练习,17称取含有As,2,O,3,和As,2,O,5,的混合物1.500g,处理为,AsO,3,3-,和AsO,4,3-,的溶液。如果调节溶液为弱碱性,,需用0.05000mol/L的I,2,溶液30.00mL滴定至终点。,如果将溶液酸化,加入过量KI,仍以淀粉为指示剂,,析出的I,2,需用0.3000mol/L的Na,2,S,2,O,3,溶液30.00mL滴,定至终点,求混合物中As,2,O,3,和As,2,O,5,的含量。,解:,碱性条件下,AsO,3,3-,+I,2,+H,2,O AsO,4,3-,+2 I,-,+2H,+,酸性条件下:,AsO,4,3-,+2I,-,+2H,+,AsO,3,3-,+I,2,(析出),I,2,(析出)+2S,2,O,3,2-,2I,-,+S,4,O,6,2-,As,2,O,5,+6OH,-,2AsO,4,2-,+3H,2,O,As,2,O,3,+6OH,-,2AsO,3,3-,+3H,2,O,续前,1As,2,O,3,2AsO,3,3-,3I,2,1As,2,O,5,2AsO,4,3-,3I,2,6S,2,O,3,2-,练习,18.将含KI试样1.000g溶于水,加10.00mL,浓度为,0.05mol/L的KIO,3,溶液,反应后煮沸驱尽所生成,的I,2,,冷却,加过量的KI与剩余KIO,3,反应,析出,的I,2,用0.1008mol/L的Na,2,S,2,O,3,溶液滴定,消耗,21.14mL,求试样中的KI含量?,解:,1 KIO,3,5 KI,1 KIO,3,3 I,2,6 S,2,O,3,2-,IO,3,-,+5I,-,+6H,+,3I,2,+3H,2,O,I,2,+2S,2,O,3,2-,2I,-,+S,4,O,6,2-,练习,19用K,2,Cr,2,O,7,法测定铁,称铁矿样0.2500g,预处理成,Fe,2+,,滴定时消耗K,2,Cr,2,O,7,标准溶液23.68mL,此,K,2,Cr,2,O,7,标液25.00mL在酸性介质中与过量的KI作,用后析出I,2,,需消耗20.00mL的Na,2,S,2,O,3,溶液,试,计算Fe,2,O,3,%。(已知T,Na2S2O3/I2,=0.01587g/mL,,I,2,=253.8,Fe,2,O,3,=159.7),解:,Cr,2,O,7,2-,+6Fe,2+,+14H,+,2Cr,3+,+6Fe,3+,+7H,2,O,Cr,2,O,7,2-,+6I,-,(过量)+14H,+,2Cr,3+,+3I,2,+7H,2,O,I,2,+2S,2,O,3,2-,2I,-,+S,4,O,6,2-,1Cr,2,O,7,2-,6Fe,2+,3Fe,2,O,3,1Cr,2,O,7,2-,3I,2,6 S,2,O,3,2-,续前,练习,20称取苯酚样品0.4083g,用少量NaOH溶液溶解后,转入250mL容量瓶中,稀释至刻度,混匀。取,25.00mL于碘量瓶中,加溴液(KBrO,3,+KBr),25.00mL,再加盐酸和适量KI,用0.1084mol/L的,Na,2,S,2,O,3,溶液滴定,用去20.04mL至终点。另取,25.00mL溴液作空白,用去相同浓度的Na,2,S,2,O,3,溶液41.60mL滴至终点,计算样品中苯酚的含量。,(一分子苯酚与三分子Br,2,反应生成三溴苯酚,,苯酚分子量=94.11),解:,BrO,3,-,+5Br,-,(定过量)+6H,+,3Br,2,+3H,2,O,苯酚+3Br,2,三溴苯酚,Br,2,(余)+2I,-,I,2,+2Br,-,I,2,+2S,2,O,3,2-,2I,-,+S,4,O,6,2-,续前,1BrO,3,-,3Br,2,3I,2,6S,2,O,3,练习,21称铬钒Cr,2,(SO,4,)K,2,SO,4,24H,2,O试样2.000g,用Na,2,O,2,处理使其中Cr氧化成CrO,4,2-,,酸化后分两等份。,一份加0.1000mol/L的(NH,4,),2,SO,4,FeSO,4,6H,2,O溶液,50.00mL后,用6.00mL K,2,Cr,2,O,7,溶液(1mL相当于,0.008378g Fe)回滴;另一份加过量的KI,,用0.2000mol/L的Na,2,S,2,O,3,滴定析出的I,2,,问:,(1)需Na,2,S,2,O,3,多少毫升?(2)试样中Cr%?,(已知CrO,4,2-,+8H,+,+3e=Cr,3+,+4H,2,O;,Fe=55.85,Cr=52.00),解:,CrO4,2-,+3Fe,2+,+8H,+,Cr,3+,+3Fe,3+,+4H,2,O,Cr,2,O,7,2-,+6Fe,2+,+14H,+,2Cr,3+,+6Fe,3+,+7H,2,O,2CrO,4,2-,+6I,-,(过量)+16H,+,2Cr,3+,+3I,2,+8H,2,O,I,2,+2S,2,O,3,2-,2I,-,+S,4,O,6,2-,续前,2CrO,4,2-,6Fe,2+,3I,2,6S,2,O,3,2-,1Cr,2,O,7,2-,6 Fe,2+,练习,22今有含PbO和PbO,2,试样,用高锰酸钾法滴定。,称取该样品1.234g,在酸性条件下加入20.00mL,0.2500mol/L草酸溶液,先将PbO,2,还原为Pb,2+,,,然后用氨水调溶液pH,使全部Pb,2+,形成PbC,2,O,4,沉淀,过滤后将溶液酸化,用KMnO,4,标准溶液,滴定,共计用去0.04000mol/L KMnO,4,10.00mL;,再将沉淀溶于酸中,用同一KMnO,4,标准溶液滴定,,共计用去30.00mL。试计算PbO和PbO,2,试样的百分,含量?(PbO=223.2,PbO,2
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