资源描述
,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二层,第三层,第四层,第五层,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,Subjunctive Mood,虚拟语气,1.英语动词有三种语气， 陈述语气，祈使语气和虚拟语气。,2. 定义：用来表示说的话不是事实，或者是不可能发生的情况，而是一种愿望，建议，假设的语气叫虚拟语气。,一、虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的用法（if条件句）,条件从句,If 从句的谓语形式,主句的谓语形式,现在,过去,未来,did / were,had done,would/could/should/might +V.(原),would/could/should/might+have+p.p.,1. did / were,2. should do,3. were to do,would/could/should/,might + V.(原),1. If I,had,HIV, I,would know,because I would feel sick.,2. If I,were,you, I,would give,AIDS patient a hug.,3. If I,had taken,your advice, I,wouldnt have made,a mistake.,4. If he,had been,there, it,wouldnt have happened,.,与现在事实相反,与过去事实相反,5. If it,should rain,tomorrow, they,wouldnt go,for an outing.,6. I think we,could do,it, if we,planed,it properly and could borrow the tools.,7. If we,were to have,three days off , we would enjoy a very happy life.,与未来事实相反,If you _tomorrow, you _,find the new manager working in the office.,A. should come; would B. would come; would,C. will come; should D. comes; might,A,If the parents _at the hospital earlier after,the accident, the child would have been saved.,A. arrives B. arrive,C. had arrived D. has arrived,C,I didnt see your sister at the meeting. If she,_, she would have met my brother.,A. has come B. did come C. came D. had come,D,If my lawyer _here last Sunday, he _,me from going .,A. had been; would have prevented,B. had been; would prevent,C. were; would prevent,D. were; would have prevented,A,If the doctor had come earlier, the poor child,_.,A. wouldnt be lying there for two hours,B. wouldnt have laid there for two hours,C. wouldnt have lied there for two hours,D. wouldnt have lain there for two hours,D,If you had told me in advance, I _him,at the airport.,A. would meet B. would had meet,C. would have met D. would have meet,C,If there were nor subjunctive mood, English _,much,easier.,A. Will be B. would have been,C. could have been D. would be,D,二、虚拟语气特殊句型：,wish,+,宾语从句,现在：,过去：,未来：,过去时 (did/were),过去完成时 (had done),would/could/might+V.,should,I wish I were a bird.,(现在),I wish I hadnt made such a mistake.,(过去),We wish our parents wouldnt punish us.,(未来),Exercises:,“ Have you visited the Science Museum?”,“ No, but I really wish I _.”,A. had B. did C. have D. will,A,I didnt go to the party, but I do wish I _there.,A. was B. were C. had been D. went,C,I wish I _ you yesterday.,A. see B. did see C. had seen D. were to see,C,The picture exhibition bored me to death. I wish I,_to it.,A. hadnt gone B. havent gone,C. didnt go D. could not have gone,A,How I wish I _that! Everybody present,was angry,with me.,A. didnt go B. hadnt done,C. wouldnt do D. wasnt doing,B,-He is a brave man.,-Yes, I wish I _his courage,.,A. Have B. had C. will have D. would have,B,Tom can take his car apart and put it back together again. I certainly wish he _me how.,A. teaches B. will teach,C. has taught D. would teach,D,How I wish I _such a good chance before.,A. didnt see B. hadnt missed,C. met D. have got,B,I wish the rain _stop.,A. will B. would C. may D. can,B,2. would rather that -,现在：,过去：,未来：,I would rather you paid me now.,(现在),I would rather you had gone, too.,(过去),Dont come. I would rather you came tomorrow.,(未来),过去时,过去时,过去完成时,3. as if /though +,从句,现在：,过去：,过去时,过去完成时,He looks as if he,were,drunk.,They talked as if they,had been,friends for years,.,She loves the baby as if it,were,her own son.,It seems as if it,were,spring.,I remember the whole thing as if it,had happened,yesterday.,When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it,looks as if it _.,A. breaks B. has broken,C. were broken D. had been broken,C,The actor is 58 years old. But he acts as if he _ a young man.,A. is B. will be C. am D. were,D,The clouds are getting darker and darker. It looks as if it _rain.,A. is going to B. will,C. was going to D. would,A,She sings as if she _a boy,.,C,A. is B. was C. were D. are,We felt as if we _each other for years.,C,A. knew B. were knowing,C. had known D. have knowing,4.Its (about/high) time +that -,过去时,你该走了。,我们该睡觉了。,Its high time that you went.,Its high time that you were going.,Its time that we went to bed.,5.,表示要求，命令，建议的虚拟语气。,宾语从句。常见动词：,一个,坚持,：,insist,两个,命令,：,order, command,三个,建议,：,advise, suggest, propose,四个,要求,：,demand , require, request, desire,这些动词后面的宾语从句要使用虚拟语气用法。即从句中的动词 使用,should + 动词原形，或者将should省略,。,我们建议,Tom,去休息一下。,他坚决要求我到场。,国王命令囚犯明天要实施死刑。,他们要求我们派他们去那儿工作。,We suggested that Tom,(should) have,a rest.,He insisted that I,(should) be,present.,The king ordered that the prisoners,(should) be killed,the next day.,They requested that we,(should) send,them to work there.,以上动词相应的名词构成的名词性从句（包括主语从句，表语从句和同位语）也要使用虚拟语气。从句中的动词形式一样。,order, advice, suggestion, proposal, demand, request, desire,Its suggested that the plan,be carried out,.,My demand is that she,should come,to see me once a week.,All of us are for the advice that the chemical factory,should be,closed down.,6.without和but for 构成虚拟。(but for要不是),Without sunlight, peoples life,would be,different from today.,But for your help, I,wouldnt have finished,the work.,Without your help, I,would have failed,.,But for water, it,would be,impossible to live in the desert.,7. If only (要是就好了),If only I,knew,his name!,If only we,had followed,your advice!,If only I,could see,him again!,要是我们的父母能和我们住在一起就好了。,要是我没错过火车就好了！,If only our parents,could live,with us!,If only I,hadnt missed,the train!,8.,Its necessary /strange/ natural/ important + that -,从句中的动词要用虚拟，即(should)+动词原形,It is important that we,( should ) master,a foreign language.,It is strange that she,refuse,to come to the party.,Its necessary that we,should study,hard.,9. 某些简单句的固定句型：,Heaven,help,him!,God,bless,you!,May,you,succeed,!,Long,live,the Peoples Republic of China!,三： 虚拟语气假设条件句型注意点：,1.假设条件从句谓语动词发生的时间与主句所假设的谓语动词不一致，叫做错综条件虚拟语气。主句和从句的谓语动词要依照假设的时间而顶。,If the weather had been finer, the crops would be growing still better.,If you had followed the teachers advice, you wouldnt be in the hospital.,2.假设条件虚拟倒装。 条件从句中有should， were， had三个助动词可以把if省略，并将这三个词提至句首。,If I were you, I would give it up.,Were I you, I would give it up.,If it were not for your advice, we couldnt have got over the difficulties.,Were it not for your advice, we couldnt have got over the difficulties.,If I had had time, I would have run round that lake again.,Had I had time, I would have run round that lake again.,If there should be a flood, what should we do?,Should there be a flood, what should we do?,_the exam, he would have attend a college.,A. If he passed B. Had he passed,C. Were he passed D. If he should pass,B,_five minutes earlier, you could have seen,them off.,A. If you should arrive B. If you arrive,C. Had you arrived D. Should you arrive,C,_it rain tomorrow, we should have to put,off the visit to the Science Museum.,A. Were B. should C. would D. will,B,
展开阅读全文