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Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,*,字母组合在单词中的发音规则,Marjorie,元音字母在单词中的基本读音,A /ei/和/,E /i:/和/e/,I /ai/和/i/,O /u/和/,U /u:/和/,相关读音规则,a(e,i,o,u)+一个辅音字母+一个,不发音的e,构成的音节,成为,开音节,。,如,ape,rape,mate,mote,scrape.,以一个元音字母如,e,i,o,u,y结尾的音节,也称为,开音节,,如,he,she.,两个元音字母合在一起时读一个元音,称作,元音字母组合,。,a e i o u后以一个辅音(除去r,w,y)或几个辅音字母结尾的音节类型,成为,闭音节,。,如,am,tam,Sam,cat,hen,pig,ox,duck,元音字母A 的发音规则,字母a在开音节中读作/ei/,如,gate,name,make,元音字母组合ay,读作/ei/,如,bay,pay,day,元音字母组合ai,读作/ei/,如,aid,paid,aim.,元音字母a在闭音节中,读作/,如,am,tamp,stamp,元音字母E的发音规则,字母e在开音节中读作,/i:/如,be,he,we,eve,元音字母组合ee 读作,/i:/,如,eel,see,deep,元音字母组合ea读作,/i:/,如,eat,sea,peak,元音字母e在闭音节单词中读作/e/,如 egg,met,best,元音字母组合ea有时读作/e/,如,head,bread,spread,元音字母I 的发音规则,有时,1个或几个元音字母也可以和1个或几个固定的辅音字母构成元音字母组合,igh读作,/ai/,如light,might,night,right,字母i 在开音节中读作,/ai/,如,hi,bike,five,字母y在开音节中读作,/ai/,如,by,type,style,字母组合igh读作,/ai/,light,might,night,right,元音字母i在闭音节单词中,读作,/i/,如it,pig,stick,y在闭音节单词中,读作,/i/,如,gym,hyp,cyst,元音字母O的发音规则,元音字母O在开音节中,读作,/u/,如go,no,so,note,coke,元音字母组合oa读作,/u/,如oak,coat,soap,元音字母组合old中的o读作,/u/,如old,cold,told,sold,元音字母组合ow有时读作/u/,如,low,slow,snow,grow,注意:英语中也有些词的读法不符合这条读音规则,如,to,do中的o不读作/u/,come,love中的o也不读作/u/.但是这些不符合辅音规则的词大多是常用词,所以不难记住。,元音字母o 在闭音节中一般读作,/,如odd,boss,clock,元音字母a在闭音节中读作/,但若是a前是辅音字母w或辅音字母组合wh,则读作/,如,was,wash,want,what,元音字母U的发音规则,元音字母组合oo常读作/u:/,如moon,food.但若oo后是辅音字母k,则读作/u/,如book,cook,took,元音字母组合ew读作,/ju:/,如few,new。但若ew前是辅音字母j,l,r,则读作/u:/,如Jew,blew,grew,元音字母u在开音节中读作/ju:/,如use,music。但若u前是辅音字母j,l,r,则改读作/u:/,如,flu,June,rule,元音字母u在闭音节单词中读作/,如,us,bus,club,just。但是例外的词不少,如,put,push,bull,元音字母o在闭音节单词中有时也读作/,如son,front,monk,元音字母组合ou也可读作,/,如tough,young,couple,字母组合中的发音规则,一个元音字母+r构成的音节类型称作,r-音节,/a:/,ar 构成的r音节,读作/a:/,如art,tar,star,start,ass,ast,ask,ance中的a读作,/a:/,如,pass,class,fast,past,ask,task,dance,France,/:/,er 构成的r音节,如verb,herb,serve,ir构成的r音节,如sir,skirt,girl,ur构成的r音节,如burn,turn,hurt,注意:若ear后又辅音字母结尾,如heard,learn,search,or构成的r音节,,若or前是w,,如,work,word,worst,/:/,or构成的r音节,如or,for,form,storm,ar构成的r音节,,在ar前若有字母w,,如war,warm,warn,oor/our,如,floor,door,four,au,aw,如,fault,caught,laud,caw,law,all,读作,/:l/,如,all,ball,small,alk,读作,/:k/,如,talk,walk,chalk,/,au,/,ou,如 out,loud,round,ow,如how,cow,down,/i/,oy,如boy,toy,joy,roy,oi,如oil,toil,point,voice,/,e,/,air,如,air,fair,hair,chair,are,如,dare,hare,bare,care,ear,如,pear,bear,wear,swear,e+re,如,there较少,/,ee+r,如,beer,deer,peer,cheer,e+re,如,here,mere,stere,severe.但有时也读作/,e,/,如there,ea+r,如,ear,dear,fear,hear,/,oor,如,moor,poor,boor,ure,如,cure,dure,pure,/,ar,er,or,ur,our在非重读音节中,如,begg,ar,lett,er,doct,or,fav,our,ar,rive,p,er,haps,f,or,get,s,ur,prise,a,o,u 在非重读音节中,如,Chin,a,pil,o,t,disc,u,s,比较元音字母在重读和非重读的读音:,重读的 非重读的,g,ar,den begg,ar,m,er,chant farm,er,t,or,chlight doct,or,f,ur,nish sulf,ur,什么情况下e不发音,a)闭音节中的首个元音字母后如果有两个辅音字母,其后的e不发音,如,valve,else,twelve,since,bridge,solve,judge,pulse,b)r-音节后如果有辅音字母,其后的r-音节不发音,如,large,starve,nerve,serve,verse,horse,c)元音字母组合后如果有辅音字母,其后的e也不发音,如,raise,sleeve,please,goose,voice,house,piece,sauce,辅音字母组合中的发音规则,pp,/p/,如apple,pepper,puppy,bb,/b/,如bubble,lobby,hobby,tt,/t/,如tar,top,kite,bt,/t/,此种情况下字母b不发音,如doubt,debt,dd,/d/,如,muddy,daddy,middle,字母k 在单词中读/k/,如,kite,kick,make,字母c在单词中有时也读作,/k/,如cat,public,cc,/k/,如account,according,acclaim,ck,/k/,如,clock,back,ch,/k/,如,character krkt ,chord kd,chemist,字母g在单词中可以读作/g/,如 gap,ignore,great,gu,/g/,如,guard,guess,guarantee,gg,/g/,如,beggar,giggle,struggle,字母g在字母e,i,y前有时还可以读作/d/,如,large,giant,gym,注意,:字母g在单词中有时不发音,如,sign,design,champagne,mpen,字母f读作/f/,如,flow,life,five,ff,/f/,如,suffer,puff,differ,ph,/f/,如,photo,graph,physics,gh,/f/,如,laugh,cough,字母v读作/v/,如,very,van,leave,字母s在单词中读作/s/,如,sister,side,bus,sc,/s/,如,scent sent,science,scissors szz,字母c在字母e,i,y前读作/s/,如,face,bicycle,cinema,名词词尾是清辅音,复数末尾+s一般读作/s/,如 books,chiefs,caps,动词第三人称单数后+s,如果动词词尾是清辅音,动词末尾一般读作/s/,如,works,claps,grasps,sc,sch,sk,squ 读作/sk/音,但是要变成不送气的音,如,scare,school,sky,square,sp,st 同上,字母z在单词中读作/z/,如,zip,zebra,zoo,字母s在元音字母之间一般读作/z/,如,rise,reason,raise,名词刺猬是浊辅音或元音,复数末尾s一般读作/z/,如,jobs,rooms,raise,动词第三人称单数后加s,动词词尾是浊辅音或元音,动词词尾s读作,/z/,如,knows,loves,dirves,字母组合th在单词中可读作/,如,three,theme,mouth,序数词结尾的th 也读作/,如,seventh,ninth,字母组合th也可读作/,如,with,that,mother,字母组合ch,可以读作/t/,如,much,reach,chest,tch,/t/,如,match,watch,butcher,ture,/t/,如,nature,lecture,picture,字母j在单词中读作/d/,如,jeep,jam,jar,字母g在字母e,i,y前可读作/d/,如,general,gym,giant ,ge,dge,/d/,如,large,badge,bridge,sh,/,如,show,fish,s在字母u前面有时也读作/,如sure,sugar,ch 有时也读作/,如,machine,chefef,ci,ce 有时也读作/,如,social,facial,ocean,tion,一般读作/,如,motion,nation,ssion,读作,/,n,/,如,possession,字母组合sure 有时也读作/,如leisure,pleasure,sion,一般读作/n/,如,vision,decision,在字母组合sual中,s有时读作/,如,casual,usual,字母组合ge有时也读作/,如,garage,gr(d);-d;gr,prestige presti(d),字母m读作/m/,如,Sam,make,farm,mb,/m/,如,comb,climb,lamb,mm,/m/,如,summer,hammer,common,字母n读作/n/,如nice,ten,tiny,nn,/n/,如 dinner,annoy,funny,kn/n/,如 know,knife,knee,字母组合ng读作/,如sing,ring,swing,nh后面加er读作/,如singer,hanger,但是不是所有的nger都读作/,如finger fg,stronger,字母l读作/l/,如 like,lamp,Lily,ll,/l/,如 hello,hollow,fellow,字母r读作/r/,
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