宾语从句(经典)课件

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,英语句子概论,英语句子的种类,简单句,(simple sentence),并列句,(compound sentence),复合句,(complex sentence),简单句的五种,基本,句型,The weather,is,very cold.,主语,+,谓语（连系动词）,+,表语,He,laughed.,主语,+,谓语（,vi.,）,I,like,Chinese food,.,主语,+,谓语,(vt.)+,宾语,She,taught,them,physics.,主语,+,谓语,(vt.)+,间接宾语,+,直接宾语,We must keep the room,warm,.,主语,+,谓语,(vt.)+,宾语,+,宾语补足语,并列句,把两个或几个简单句用,并列连词,连接起来。,I turned on the TV,.My sister and I watched it.,?,I turned on the TV,and,my sister and I watched it.,I bought my sister a present.She didnt like it.,?,I bought my sister a present,but,she didnt like it.,常用并列连词,:,并,并列句,and,bothand,not only but also,?,平行,并列连词,:,neithernor,?,转折,并列连词：,but,however,while,yet,?,因果,并列连词,:,for,so,?,选择,并列连词,:,or,eitheror,复合句,:,主句,+,从句,名词,性从句,定语从句,状语从句,定语从句,1.The boy,who is standing over there,is Tom,2.Because it is raining,we have to stay,状语从句,at home,3.I know,(that)he is from America,名词,性从句,-,(,宾语从句）,Subject Clause,(,主语从句,),Noun Clauses,(,名词性从句,),Object Clause,（宾语从句）,Predicative Clause,（表语从句）,Appositive,Clause,名词性从句在功能上相当于名词,在复合句,中能担任,主语、宾语、表语、同位语,等。,主语,What he does,is important,His job,is important,.,.,表语,This is,his job.,This is,what he does every day.,I don,t like,his job,.,宾语,I don,t like,what he does every day.,同位语,I don,t know about the man,Mr.White,.,I don,t know about the fact,that he is a,teacher.,名词性从句,的作用相当于名词，因此主语从句、,表语从句,、宾语从句和同位语从句分别作主句,的主语、表语、宾语和同位语。,Who will win the match,is still unknown.,主语从句,I want to know,what he has told you,.,宾语从句,The fact is,that we have lost the game,.,表语从句,The news,that we won the game,is exciting.,同位语从句,宾语从句的定义,置于,动词、介词,等词性后面起宾语作用的从句叫,宾语从句。,宾语从句的语序必须是,陈述语序,。谓语动词、介,词、动词不定式，,v.-ing,形式后面都能带宾语从,句。,有些形容词（,afraid,sure,glad,等）之后也可,以带宾语从句。,宾语从句中引导词的用法,在复合句中作主句的宾语，,引导词,有：,连词：,that(that,常可省略,),whether,if,代词：,who,whose,what,which,副词：,when,where,how,why,等。,1.,I,主语,know,him,.,（简单句）,谓语,宾语,2.,I,主语,主,know,谓语,句,who,he,is,.,（复合句）,连词,从句主语,从句谓语,宾,语,从,句,宾语从句的概念：,宾语从句在复合句中作主句的,宾语,。,句子结构：,主句,+,连词（引导词）,+,宾语从句,1,）主句的谓语动词可以是,及物动词,：,He,wondered,if,he,could,pass,the,exam,.,2,）如果主句的谓语动词是一个带有介词的,词组，那么后接的从句做,介词宾语从句,。,注意：,动词,+,副词,形成的谓语动词词组后也,They,are,talking,about,whether,they,can,可以带宾语从句。,pass,the,exam,.,3,）有些,形容词后,也可以带有宾语从句。,Im,afraid,(that),he,wont,pass,the,exam,.,引导词种类,一、从属连词,1.,当宾语从句是陈述句时（包括肯定句和否定,句），连词由,that,引导，因为,that,在从句中,不作,任何成分,，也,没有任何具体意思,，因此在口语,或非正式文体中,常省略,?,Lin,Tao,knows,(that),his,own,team,is,even,better.,?,She,says,(that),she,wont,take,part,in,the,sports,meeting,next,Sunday.,?,Jim,thought,(that),the,train,was,like,a,big,moving,party.,?,He,said,(that),he,would,like,to,see,the,headmaster.,引导词种类,2.,当宾语从句是一般疑问句时，由连词,whether,或,if,引导（口语中常用,if,），因为,if/whether,翻,译成：,“,是否,”,，具有一定的意义，所以不,能省略,Lily,wanted,to,know,if,/whether,her,grandma,liked,the,handbag,.,Lets,see,if,/whether,we,can,find,out,some,information,about,that,city,.,It,all,depends,on,whether,she,likes,the,boss,or,not.,引导词种类,二、连接代词,which,what,whose,who,whom,whatever,whoever,whomever,whichever,；连接代词在从句,中作主语、宾语、表语、定语。,I,wonder,who,will,teach,us.,Mr.,Wang,asked,whose,book,that,was.,You,can,take,whatever,you,like.,引导词种类,三、连接副词,where,when,why,how,等连接副词在句中作状语。,He didnt tell me,when,we should meet again.,Could you please tell me,how,you use the new,panel?,None of us knows,where,these new parts can be,bought.,带,how,的词组也都可以引导宾语从句,?,Could you tell us,how much,it costs to fly to,Hainan?,?,Could you tell us,how often,you go abroad for,a holiday?,?,Could you tell us,how long,the meeting will last?,?,I dont know,how far,it is to the cinema.,?,Please tell us,how many,students there are in,your school?,?,Can you tell us,how old,his brother is?,?,Please tell us,how soon,you will be ready.,二、时态,1.,如果主句是,现在的时态,（包括一般现在时,，,现在进行时，现在完成时），从句的时态可根,据实际情况而定，（包括一般现在时，一般过,去时，一般将来时，现在完成时等）,?,I,know,he,lives,here,.,?,I,know,he,lived,here,ten,years,ago,.,?,I,have,heard,that,he,will,come,tomorrow,.,2.,如果主句是,过去的时态,（包括一般过去时，过,去进行时），那么从句的时态一定要用相对应,的过去的某种时态（包括,一般过去时，过去进,行时，过去将来时，,过去完成时,）,?,I,knew,who,lived,here.,?,I,told,me,that,she,was,talking,with,her,mother,at,that,time,last,week.,?,He,asked,whether,his,father,would,come,back,the,next,day.,?,He,said,that,he,had,seen,it,before.,3.,当从句是客观真理，定义，公理，定理,时用一般现在时。,The,teacher,said,that,the,sun,travels,around,the,earth,.,The,teacher,said,that,the,world,is,made,up,of,matter.,三、语序,宾语从句的语序用,陈述语序,：,连接词,+,主语,+,谓语,+,其他成分,1.,When,will,he,go,to,the,library?,?,His,brother,asks,when,he,will,go,to,the,library,.,?,His,brother,asks,when,will,he,go,to,the,library,.,2.,What,does,he,want,to,buy,?,?,I,dont,know,what,he,wants,to,buy,.,?,I,dont,know,what,does,he,want,to,buy,.,3.,Who,are,we,going,to,meet,?,?,Can,you,tell,me,who,we,are,going,to,meet,?,?,Can,you,tell,me,who,are,we,going,to,meet,?,4.Does he know French?,?,We want to know if/whether,he knows,French.,?,We want to know if/whether,does he know,French.,5.Will they go to Canada in summer?,?,They re not sure if/whether,they will go to,Canada in summer.,?,They re not sure if/whether,will they go to,Canada in summer.,注意事项,1,could,/,would,是委婉语气，而不是过去式，,因此宾语从句的时态根据实际情况用不同,时态。,?,Could,you