西格玛流程设计

Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth Level,Click to edit Master title style,023-10 CrossFunctionalMap-,*,Effective Date:4/1/2004,Copyright 2000-2003 Sigma Breakthrough Technologies,Inc.Used with permission.,Copyright 2004 Cummins,Inc.All Rights Reserved.,制作跨职能流程图,Cross Functional Process Mapping,(,为流程再造制作流程图,),(Process Mapping for Re-design),六西格玛过程设计,Six Sigma Process Design,制作再设计流程图的目的,Re-Design Process Mapping Objectives,了解流程的基本情况和价值链各环节的相关方,Given a project charter and understanding of process basics and the value chain stakeholders,介绍,制作跨职能流程图,也称为,“,泳道图,“,Introduce Cross functional/Deployment Mapping,also known as a“Swim Lane”,制作基准图,(,跨职能流程图或泳道图,),Create Baseline Map(Cross-functional/Swim Lane Process Map),项目跟踪表,过程再设计路线图,Process Redesign Roadmap,价值链,翻译,试的过程,过渡计划,实施,收集客户之声,/,商业之声,分析要求,再设计过程,解决办法的,设计,/,开发,利益相关方,选择表,利益相关方面谈,Kano,制作精益流程图,Pugh,概念产生,Pugh,概念选择,讨论指南,从图片和声音提炼要求,要求,KJ,图片,KJ,抽样调查,区分优先次序,QFD,C&E,跨职能流程图,经历,利益相关方,的世界,总结要求,并区分优先次序,产生和选择概念,试解决办法,跨职能流程图,Cross-Functional Process Map,价值链,Value Chain,流程图步骤,Process Map,Process Steps,Manufacturer,Dealer,-Sales,-Finance,-Customer Service,Buyer,价值链环节相关方,Stakeholders,Process Step 1,Offer Financing Options,Process Step 2,Process Step 3,Process Step 4,制作跨职能流程图,Cross Functional or Deployment Mapping,记载,Documents:,各个职能,部门和参与流程环节活动的人之间的关系,Inter-relationships among functions,departments,people who are involved in sequential process deployment activities.(,who does it,)Also known as,Swim lane,揭示,Reveals:,障碍,返工渠道,延迟,未用空间,需要和产生的信息以及弯路,Barriers,rework paths,delays,blank spaces,information needed and created,and detours,步骤,Steps:,选择范围,Chose Scope,明确过程步骤,Identify Process Steps,确定顺序,Determine Sequence,确定关系,Determine Relationships,画图,Draw the Map,添加有关时间,费用,质量,详细输入和输出的数据,Add data on time,cost,quality,detailed inputs&outputs,准备,确认团队,Identify the Team,流程图的输入,Inputs to Mapping,头脑风暴,Brainstorming,操作手册,Operator manuals,规范,Specifications,操作员经验,Operator experience,六要素,6Ms,人,机器,方法,测量,材料,环境,Man,Machine(Equipment),Method(Procedures),Measurement,Materials,Mother Nature(Environment),利益相关方的输入,Input from Stakeholders,制作跨职能流程图的步骤,Cross Functional Mapping Steps,开始,于过程的流程图,Start with Flow Chart of process,识别,过程所涉及的功能部门,(,价值链,),并记录在纸的左侧,Identify Functional groups(Value Chain)that process crosses and record on left side of page,画,泳道线把不同的职能部门分开,Draw lines to represent the lanes between functional groups,从,图的左侧开始,把流程图的第一步放在合适的泳道里,Start on left side of map,place first step from flow chart in appropriate lane,继续,把流程的步骤按以下的规则放在泳道里,Continue to place process steps according to following guidelines,时间,从左到右上升,Time increases from left to right across map,同时,发生的步骤应上下叠在一起,Steps that occur simultaneously should be stacked on top of each other,箭头,总是左进右出,Arrows always exit on right and enter on left sides of process symbols,互相,连接的但至少相隔一个泳道的步骤应用虚线连接,Processes that are connected,but are more than one lane apart should be connected with dotted lines,增加流程描述细节,Increasing Process Description Detail,流程图,(,也称方块图,),Flow Chart(aka Block Diagram),显示过程步骤,而不是细节,Shows process steps,without worrying about details,是了解过程步骤的有用一步,Useful as a first pass to understand process steps,跨职能图,(,也称,”,泳道图,”),Cross Functional Map(aka“Swim lane”),把流程图过程步骤重安排到职能泳道里,Rearranges flow chart process steps into lanes of functions,清楚地显示连接关系,Clearly shows hand-offs,过程步骤从左到右按时间前进,Process steps move left to right as time progresses,跨资源图,Cross Resource Map,在职能中更进一步,显示实际资源和资源之间的连接关系,Further drill down into functions,showing actual resource to resource hand offs,customer,No,Yes,No,Yes,Function 1,Function 2,Function 3,Function 4,Function 1,Function 2,Function 3,Function 4,Resource 1,Resource 2,制作流程图,Process Flow Charting,这是什么工具,?,What is the tool?,过程的图像描述,Graphical illustration of the process,工具要描述的是什么,?,What will the tool identify?,所有增值和不增值的过程步骤,All value-added and non-value-added process steps,识别系统设计和再设计的机会,Identify opportunities for System Design/redesign,关键输入,Key Process Inputs(xs),关键输出,Key Process Outputs(Ys),数据采集点,Data Collection Points,输入,FMEA,的第一批输入参数,First Key process input variables to put in FMEA,什么时候制作过程流程图,?,When do you apply process mapping?,一直,Always,制作过程流程图的结果是什么,?,What are results of Process Mapping?,看建议的新的设计或再设计是不是比现有系统好,Identify whether proposed new system design/redesign is better then current system,识别需要测量系统研究的系统,Identify systems needing Measurement Studies,识别需要能力性研究的关键输出,Identify Key process outputs for Capability Studies,识别控制计划中缺的项,Identify missing elements in the Control Plan,识别过程中不增值的步骤,Identify possible non-value-added process steps,customer,No,Yes,No,Yes,案例分析,:,制作流程图,Case Study:Flow Charting,Fulfill Order,跨职能流程图,(,泳道图,),Cross Functional Map(Swim Lane),是一种描述不同职能或部门之间的连接关系,A map that conveys process hand offs between functions or departments,把流程图中的步骤重编排成按职能排的泳道,Rearranges flow chart process steps into lanes of functions,行,或列代表职能,Rows or columns represent functions,不同,活动归属不同的职能带,Activities fall in appropriate“bands”of functions,同时,发生的活动从上到下归组,Concurrent activities grouped“top to bottom”,有时,也被称为职能图或泳道图,So