语法填空解题技巧课件

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,语法填空,高考英语专项复习,命题揭密,纯空格题,用括号中所给词填空,语法填空这种题型的显著特点是将语言知识或语法知识放在语篇中进行考察,.,两种题型,(1),纯空格题：,通常考,冠词、介词、代词和连词,四类词。一个空格只能填,一个,单词。,(2),用括号中所给词填空：,通常考查,动词的时态语态和非谓语形式；名词的转换和复数形式；代词的转换；形容词和副词的比较等级和词类转换,等。一个空格可以填,一个或多个,单词。,命题 揭密,1.,通读全文，把握大意。,既然是通过语篇在语境中考语法，那么，我们在解题前，应快速浏览短文，把握全文大意，这一步非常重要。,2.,结合语境，试填空格。,读懂短文之后，要结合短文所提供的特定的语言环境，从句子结构的完整性去分析思考空格所缺单词的词性，再根据句子的结构和意义，以及句子之间的逻辑关系来确定具体要填的单词和所给词的正确形式。,如何解题,解题技巧,下列情况很可能填 不定冠词,a/an,：,(1)_+,可数名词单数（表泛指）；,(2)_+,形容词,+,可数名词单数,（表泛指）,。,下列情况下很可能填 定冠词,the,：,(1)_(+,定语,)+,名词,+of,等介词短语,(,表特指,),；,(2)_(+,定语,)+,名词,+,定语从句,(,表示特指,),；,(3)_(+,定语,)+,名词,+,不定式短语或分词短语,(,表特指,),。,无提示词考点分析,考点一：冠词,主要考察冠词的特指、泛指、抽象名词具体化和固定搭配。,1.Halloween has some strange symbols.One symbol is the jack-o-lantern(,南瓜灯,)._ jack-o-lantern is to scare the ghosts.,2.He worked hard day and night.In_ end,he became a successful man.,3.Years later,one day I got _ call from an unknown number.,4.Hes _ amazing singer,a business owner and he,The,the,a,例：,an,考点二：介词,搭配名词,under the tree in the forest with your help,搭配动词,look at listen to take care of,搭配形容词,different from similar to famous for,主要考察介词与名词、不及物动词以及形容词的搭配问题。,1.The girls asked if they could wait _ me at,the supermarket door.,2._ their last night in Australia,they stayed up late drinking beer.,3.She found some good quality schoolbags_ sale.,4.He was very tired _ the boring job.,5.The white background of the Olympic flag stands_ peace and trust.,for,On,例：,on,of,for,考点三：代词,解题技巧,因句子的主语或宾语主要由名词、代词、动名词或不定式等充当，而名词、动名词或不定式等实词通常会放在有提示词的空格中考查，所以纯空格所填词在句子中作主语或宾语时，通常填代词。此外应注意,it,作形式主语和形式宾语的用法。,主要考察,it,的用法和人称代词的主格、宾格，物主代词，反身代词，不定代词，疑问代词以及定语从句关系代词。,例：,1.Suddenly,something amazing happened.The kangaroo opened _ eyes.,2.Several more excellent concerts will be held next month.We can attend all of _.,3.My parents told me not to be angry with Mr.Miller because _ was in difficulties.,4.,doesnt matter who you are.,5.When he woke up,he found _ lying on the floor.,It,he,them,its,himself,考点四：连词及引导词,一般从句法的角度考察连词及引导词。因此，我们应掌握各种复合句型中连词和引导词的用法，如并列句、名词性从句、状语从句和定语从句。,解题技巧,(1),连接两个功能对等的单词或短语时，应填并列连词,and,or,but,等。,(2),若两个句子之间，没有句号或分号，那空格处必定是填连接词，根据两句之间的意义和逻辑关系，确定是并列句还是某种主从复合句。,例：,1.Tom was ill yesterday,_ he went to school as usual.,2.Work hard _ youll make progress every day.,3._ I saw him,he was playing basketball.,4.It was a very comfortable and peaceful town next to the sea,_ was surrounded by fields and mountains.,which,but,and,When,有提示词考点分析,考点一：动词,主要考察动词的时态、语态，主谓一致，非谓语形式，虚拟语气以及情态动词的用法。,解题技巧,做这类题时，,首先判断所给动词是不是作谓语，如果是作谓语，则考虑动词的时态和语态问题；如果句中已有谓语并且不存在并列的情况，则一定是考察非谓语动词的用法。,这时要根据非谓语动词所作成分及主被动关系等来判断使用哪种形式。,例：,I got a place next to the window,so I had a good view of the sidewalk.A boy on a bike_(catch)my attention,.He was riding beside the bus and waving his arms.I heard a passenger behind me shouting to the driver,but he refused_(stop)until we reached the next stop.Still,the boy kept _(ride).,caught,to stop,riding,考点二：形容词和副词,主要考察词性转换，比较级、最高级的用法以及前缀、后缀等。,解题技巧,1.,作表语（在系动词之后）、定语或宾补（表性质状态），通常用形容词。,2.,修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子，作状语时，通常用副词形式。,3.,根据语境出现比较含义时，通常用比较级或最高级。（往往有,than,of all,等表达）,4.,结合语境判断需要相反含义时通常加词缀。,1.I worked _(hard)at my study than most of my classmates.,2.Nearby fishermen rushed over to save him but were _(able)to recover his body.,3.All pipes should be fixed to the walls and all walls should,be_(especial,)thick and strong.,4.Some of them looked very anxious and _(disappointing),例：,harder,unable,especially,disappointed,考点三：名词,主要考察名词单、复数变化，名词所有格的用法，词型转化等。,例：,1.People give them _(candy),cookies or fruit.,2.Steve died _(peace)today surrounded by his family.,3.It was not dead,but it was very _(anger).,candies,peacefully,angry,Thank you!,