四级作文类型及模板

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,*,四级作文类型分析及模板,主讲：孙立,一、正反观点对比型,让考生,针对某个社会现象，不同的人又不同的观点，从正反两个方面进行阐述，最后谈自己的观点和建议。,作文思路：,1.现象介绍；2.支持的观点；反对的观点；3.自己的观点和建议,模板1：,When it comes to _,different people may retain different views.,Some people say that _ is a good thing.They point out that _.They also claim that _.So,they suggest that _.,On the other hand,there are many people who say that _.They maintain that_.They also say that_.In addition,they argue that _.,From my own perspective,both sides hold some water.But I am of the opinion that we should _.,模板2,(1)Nowadays,there is an argument/no agreement/much disagreement among people concerning-.(2),Some people think/agreed that-.(3)In their opinions,-.(4)On the contrary/However,others think/claim that-.(5)First of all,-(6)Secondly,-.(7)For example,-.(8)Last but not least-.(9),In my opinion/As far as I am concerned,-.(10)For one thing,-.(11)For another,-.(12)As a result,-,填充内容(1)重复题目内容,适当变换句型或用词(2)表明一种观点(3)具体阐明这种观点(4)表明另一种相反的观点.(5)理由一(6)理由二(7)举例证明(8)理由三(9)作者自己的看法.(10)要点一(11)要点二(12)总结上文,例题Should the University Campus Be Open to Tourists?,Should the University Campus Be Open to Tourists?,Currently,campuses of famous universities have become one of the popular tourist destinations.,This phenomenon has aroused great public concern.,There is no consensus of opinions among people as to whether,the university campus should be open to tourists.,Some argue that,tourists should be denied access to the campus.After all,they believe,the Ivory Tower is not a park but a holy place reserved for college students.Tourists may distract students from their study.,But others take the opposite attitude,.They maintain that revenues from campus tour may,at least,ease the universitys financial burden.,If asked to voice my view,on this,I favor the latter group of people.No matter whether campus tour brings in profits or not,it should not be banned as long as tourists obey campus regulations.,【点评】,这次的作文回归议论文,而该类型题目的写作方式在90年代是经常考查的。,一个热门话题,大家对此的观点各异,可以充分地给出自己的观点,因此如果大家用以往的真题练习过,应该会觉得很容易上手。另外,在写该类文章的时候,一定要注意侧重点。一般来说,我们可以侧重描述对同一事物的不同观点,而自己的观点部分,只要你对前面描述的几种观点做一个选择就可以了。,二、利弊分析型/影响分析型:,在这类题型中，考生往往被要求分析某件事情的利弊或是两件事情之间的差异，题干中会 明确地提到以下关键词：,advantages and disadvantages,merits and demerits,strengths and weaknesses,benefits and dangers,positive and negative,the importance/significance/benefits of.,the main differences between.and.,作文思路,1.现象或对象的介绍；2.分析其优点/有利的影响；分析其缺点/有害的影响；3.自己的观点。,考生要看清题目的要求，,有时是需要利弊两方面都谈，有时题干中已经规定好了是写优势、重要性还是弊端。,阅卷人往往希望看到考生的文章思路开阔、条理清晰，比如The Benefits of Volunteering，题干要求论述“志愿活动的好处”，主体部分可以着重论述志愿活动对社会的好处，也可以论述志愿活动给志愿者本人带来的好处，还可以兼顾两方面。构思立意时要从多个角度论述自己的观点，并对所有素材加以整合、归纳。以讨论“对志愿者自己的好处”为例，,考生可以讨论如下好处：,第一，提升交际、沟通能力（包括扩大交际面，与不同的人打交道，协调不同的关系，理解不同的立场等）。,第二，提高工作能力、学以致用（主要谈对自己知识、技能的提高有什么作用，包括学校知识的运用、实际能力的提高等，注意与前面的“交际能力”有所区分）。,第三，成就感，获得心理上的满足（获得尊敬与承认，实现自我价值）。,模板1,Nowadays,_ has been a part of our life and it has imposed both positive and negative effects on our lives.,It is very easy to find out the advantages of it.First of all,_.What is more,_.,However,just as the saying goes,no garden is without weed._ also has its own demerits.In the first place,_.Besides,_.,To put all into the nutshell,I am of the opinion that its advantages far outweigh its disadvantages as long as people use it wisely.,模板2,Currently,_ has become an indispensable of our daily life.And it is no denying that it has exerted substantial impacts on us.,It is quite easy for us to find the desirable effects of _.First,_.Second,_.The most obvious effect is that _.,Wonderful as _ is,it is unwise to ignore the side effects of it.For example,_.,From my perspective,we might as well _.,模板3,1.引言段：AAA has improved the quality of our lives and is playing an important role in our daily life.The benefits that AAA brings to us are far more than its disadvantages.However,we cannot ignore its problems.,主体段：On the positive side,AAA has enabled us to(AAA 的优势1).For instance,.Besides,(优势2).Nowadays,.In addition,(优势3),such as.On the negative side,(AAA的弊端1).For example,.Besides,(弊端2).Furthermore,(弊端3).,总结段：All in all,we cannot live without AAA for the convenience it brings to us,but we should also be aware of the negative effects it creates on the modern life.,三、问题解决型,这类题型往往是给考生一个社会现象或者背景，,让考生提出解决问题的方案，抑或是提建议想法，,题干中的高频词汇如下：,one way to solve the problem,the best way to.,ideas and suggestions,写作思路,1.介绍现象或问题；2.分析问题的原因；3.解决问题。,解题思路,我们鼓励考生应该有,新的构思、多彩的想法,，当然也要避讳想法新颖但却无法用英语来表达的窘境。,一般的模式是在引言段复述题干内容，直截了当提出自己的idea，点明自己即将要在后文阐述的这个,建议或解决方案好在哪里,，,为什么特别推崇这个方案,。接下来就是,摆事实讲道理,，最后把文章,引入一个自然的总结段中,即可。,模板1,Currently,there is a general discussion over the issue of _.,A number of reasons are responsible for this.To begin with,_.In the second place,_.In addition,_.Therefore,_.,In a word,it is safe to reach the conclusion that drastic measures must be taken to solve this problem.For one thing,_.For another,_.To sum up,so long as further attention is paid to the issue,_.,模板2,1)Nobody could have failed to notice the fact that-.(2)For example,-(3)These have caused much harm