环境空气质量指数即空气污染指数

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,*,大气污染,监测,数据统计,环境空气质量指数,一、大气污染监测数据统计,单位：,mg/m,3,监测时间,(,段,),监测点,700,800,1000,1100,1400,1500,1800,1900,1,#,0.242,0.237,0.183,0.253,2,#,0.228,0.215,0.176,0.234,3,#,0.182,0.168,0.221,4,#,0.240,0.239,0.182,5,#,0.089,0.075,0.054,0.093,6,#,0.235,0.230,0.246,7,#,0.143,0.123,0.106,0.138,8,#,0.005,0.005,（,L,）,0.005,（,L,）,0.005,（,L,）,监测时间,(,段,),（日）,监测点,1,2,3,4,30,1,#,0.110,0.137,0.123,0.103,0.109,2,#,0.102,0.105,0.101,0.124,0.113,3,#,0.102,0.009,0.121,0.100,4,#,0.110,0.120,0.111,0.108,0.145,5,#,0.099,0.110,0.101,0.137,6,#,0.102,0.149,0.117,0.113,0.106,7,#,0.143,0.123,0.106,0.120,0.128,8,#,0.005,0.005,（,L,）,0.005,（,L,）,0.005,（,L,）,0.005,（,L,）,单位：,mg/m,3,1,、平均浓度值的计算,单点监测数据平均值的计算,单点监测数据平均值的计算主要是指该点,日、月、季、,年平均值,的计算。,式中：,监测点的平均值；,j,监测点第,i,个监测数据；,监测数据的数目。,注意：,单一测点数据在进行日、月、季、年平均值计算时，应满足监测数据统计的有效性规定。见,GB3095-1996,环境空气质量标准,（人工间歇性采样监测另有规定）,。,人工间歇性采样监测时，早、晚若其中有一次数据损失了，则该点该日的日均值无效。,若样品浓度低于监测方法的最低检出浓度，此数据应以,1/2,最低检出浓度参与平均值的统计计算。,单位：,mg/m,3,监测时间,(,段,),监测点,700,800,1000,1100,1400,1500,1800,1900,1,#,0.242,0.237,0.183,0.253,2,#,0.228,0.215,0.176,0.234,3,#,0.182,0.168,0.221,4,#,0.240,0.239,0.182,5,#,0.089,0.075,0.054,0.093,6,#,0.235,0.230,0.246,7,#,0.143,0.123,0.106,0.138,8,#,0.005,0.005,（,L,）,0.005,（,L,）,0.005,（,L,）,日平均值,0.229,0.213,0.078,0.237,0.128,0.005(L),多个监测点监测数据平均值的计算,式中：,多个监测点监测数据的平均值（日、月、,季、年）；,j,监测点的平均值；,有效监测点的数目。,多个监测点监测数据平均值的计算主要是计算,功能区域的日、月、季、年平均值,。,注意：,进行区域范围内的平均值计算，,具有监测数据的监测点数应占整个区域内所布监测点数的,90%,以上方为有效。,否则，不进行区域平均值的计算。,在进行区域范围内平均值计算时，,清洁对照点若在区域内，应参与统计计算，远离区域则不参与统计计算,。,单位：,mg/m,3,监测时间,(,段,),监测点,700,800,1000,1100,1400,1500,1800,1900,1,#,0.242,0.237,0.183,0.253,2,#,0.228,0.215,0.176,0.234,3,#,0.182,0.168,0.221,4,#,0.240,0.239,0.182,5,#,0.089,0.075,0.054,0.093,6,#,0.235,0.230,0.246,7,#,0.143,0.123,0.106,0.138,8,#,0.005,0.005,（,L,）,0.005,（,L,）,0.005,（,L,）,日平均值,0.229,0.213,0.078,0.237,0.128,0.005(L),=0.148,多个监测点各监测时段监测数据平均值的计算,式中：,第,i,个监测时段的平均值；,第,i,个监测时段第,j,个监测数据；,第,i,个监测时段有效监测点的数目。,单位：,mg/m,3,监测时间,(,段,),监测点,700,800,1000,1100,1400,1500,1800,1900,1,#,0.242,0.237,0.183,0.253,2,#,0.228,0.215,0.176,0.234,3,#,0.182,0.168,0.221,4,#,0.240,0.239,0.182,5,#,0.089,0.075,0.054,0.093,6,#,0.235,0.230,0.246,7,#,0.143,0.123,0.106,0.138,8,#,0.005,0.005,（,L,）,0.005,（,L,）,0.005,（,L,）,0.169,0.163,0.124,0.170,不统计,8#,0.196,0.186,0.145,0.198,2,、超标特征量的统计计算,超标倍数,超标倍数,式中：,某种污染物选用的环境标准值；,某种污染物的监测值。,一般进行最大超标倍数的统计。,超标率,注意：,不符合监测技术规范要求的监测数据不能计入总监测数据个数。,低于最低检出浓度的点应计入总监测数据个数。,等于或超过标准值均属超标。,多个监测点各监测时段监测数据平均值不进行,超标特征量的统计。,习题,某城区监测站于,2006,年,11,月份某一天，对本区空气中的,NO,2,进行监测，共布设,10,个监测点（其中,10,#,为设在远离本区的对照点），采用盐酸萘乙二胺分光光度法进行分析测定，监测结果见表。请统计：,监测结果的 、和 。,监测结果小时平均浓度的最大超标倍数和超标率。,单位：,mg/m,3,监测时间,(,段,),监测点,700,800,1000,1100,1400,1500,1800,1900,1,#,0.242,0.237,0.183,0.253,2,#,0.228,0.215,0.176,0.234,3,#,0.182,0.168,0.221,4,#,0.254,0.247,0.211,0.268,5,#,0.240,0.239,0.182,6,#,0.089,0.075,0.054,0.093,7,#,0.235,0.230,0.246,8,#,0.153,0.147,0.213,9,#,0.143,0.123,0.106,0.138,10,#,0.006,0.005,（,L,）,0.005,（,L,）,0.005,（,L,）,监测时间,(,段,),监测点,700,800,1000,1100,1400,1500,1800,1900,1,#,0.242,0.237,0.183,0.253,0.229,2,#,0.228,0.215,0.176,0.234,0.213,3,#,0.182,0.168,0.221,4,#,0.254,0.247,0.211,0.268,0.245,5,#,0.240,0.239,0.182,6,#,0.089,0.075,0.054,0.093,0.078,7,#,0.235,0.230,0.246,0.237,8,#,0.153,0.147,0.213,0.171,9,#,0.143,0.123,0.106,0.138,0.128,10,#,0.006,0.005,（,L,）,0.005,（,L,）,0.005,（,L,）,0.005,（,L,）,0.198,0.194,0.153,0.208,=0.186,单位：,mg/m,3,监测时间,(,段,),监测点,700,800,1000,1100,1400,1500,1800,1900,1,#,0.242,0.237,0.183,0.253,0.229,2,#,0.228,0.215,0.176,0.234,0.213,3,#,0.182,0.168,0.221,4,#,0.254,0.247,0.211,0.268,0.245,5,#,0.240,0.239,0.182,6,#,0.089,0.075,0.054,0.093,0.078,7,#,0.235,0.230,0.246,0.237,8,#,0.153,0.147,0.213,0.171,9,#,0.143,0.123,0.106,0.138,0.128,10,#,0.006,0.005,（,L,）,0.005,（,L,）,0.005,（,L,）,0.005,（,L,）,0.198,0.194,0.153,0.208,=0.186,单位：,mg/m,3,1,、最大超标倍数,=0.12,2,、超标率,=,21.9,%,二、环境空气质量指数,环境空气质量指数（,AQI,）技术规定,（试行）,HJ633-2012,环境空气质量指数,（空气污染指数）,计算,发布日期,无锡市空气污染指数为,68,首要污染物为可吸入颗粒物,空气质量级别为,级。预计明日空气污染指数为,70,至,90,首要污染物为可吸入颗粒物,空气质量级别为,级,环境空气质量指数,（空气污染指数）,计算,南京市空气质量日报,4,月,11,日,20,时至,4,月,12,日,20,时，我市空气质量良好。首要污染物为可吸入颗粒物，其污染分指数范围,80-100,，空气质量级别,级；二氧化硫污染分指数范围,51-70,，空气质量级别,级；二氧化氮污染分指数范围,43,，空气质量级别,级。,环境空气质量指数,（空气污染指数）,计算,环境空气质量指数（,AQI,）,空气污染指数,(API),是一种向社会公众公布的,反映和评价空气质量状况的指标,。,AQI,：,是将常规监测的几种主要,空气污染物浓度,经过处理,简化为单一的数值形式,，,分级,表示空气质量和污染程度，具有,简明、直观和使用方便的优点,。,我国以,SO,2,、,NO,x,和,TSP,等作为计算,AQI,的暂定项目,，并确定为,AQI,50,、,100,、,200,时，分别对应于,我国空气质量标准中日均值的一、二、三级标准的污染浓度限值,。,500,则对应于对人体健康产生明显危害的污染水平。,环境空气质量指数,（空气污染指数）,计算,环境空气质量指数,（空气污染指数）,计算,当,C,i,j,C,i,C,i,j+1,时，,i,污染物的污染分指数,(,I,i,),按下式计算：,AQI,和,IAQI,结果进位取整数，不保留小数,空气质量实时报和日报发布,计算每个监测点位的空气质量指数时，各项污染物空气质量分指数和空气质量指数使用该点位的各项污染物浓度、表,1,中浓度限值。,环境空气质量指数,（空气污染指数）,计算,AQI,计算步骤,(,以日均值为例,),求某污染物每一测点的日均值,C,i,为测点逐时污染物浓度，,n,为测点的日测试次数,某一污染物全区域的日均值,l,全区域的监测点数,将,各污染物的区域日均值,分别代入,AQI,基本计算式所得值，便是每项污染物的,AQI,分指数,选取,AQI,分指数最大值,为全区域空气污染指数。,污染物分指数最大者为该区域的首要污染物,根据首要污染物评判该区域的空气质量状况,监测点,SO,2,(,日均值,),NO,2,(,日均值,),TSP(,日均值,),北门,0.171,0.095,0.463,操场,0.198,0.100,0.456,南门,0.215,0.101,0.500,0.099,平均值,0.195,0.473,I,SO2,I,NO2,I,TSP,校园空气污染指数,首要污染物