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,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,无忧,PPT,整理发布,第二讲 异化法与归化法,第二章,翻译的方法,第二讲 异化法与归化法第二章,Foreignization&Domestication,一、异化法和归化法,突破语言的范畴,立足于文化大语境下,将视野扩展到语言、文化、思维、美学等更多更广阔的领域。,Foreignization&Domestication,(一)异化法,是接受原文与译文的语言、文化等差异,忠实传达原文内容,把读者带人异国情景。,该方法要求译者向原文作者靠拢,力争采取相应于原语的表达方式,即鲁迅先生提及过的,“,异国情调,”,和,“,洋气,”,。,(一)异化法 是接受原文与译文的语言、文化等,(一)异化法,异化是指以源语文化为导向的翻译,异化着眼于对民族文化差异性的保留,译文尽可能多地反映异域文化特性和语言风格,使译语文化的读者有出境感,其实质是注重形式对等。,(一)异化法 异化是指以源语文化为导向的翻译,异化翻译的例子,1,、,铁饭碗,iron rice bowl,2,、,纸老虎,paper tiger,3,、,天有不测风云,人有旦夕祸福,A,、,Truly storms gather without warning in nature,,,and bad luck befalls men overnight.,(,翻译家杨宪益、戴乃迭夫妇采用异化方法,),B,、,I know the weather and human life are both unpredictable.,(霍克斯则采用归化方法),异化翻译的例子1、铁饭碗 iron rice bow,炮火的考验,-,(,baptism of fire,)炮火的洗礼,政治本钱,-,(,political capital,)政治资本,换汤不换药,-,(,new wine in old bottles,)旧瓶装新酒,杀手锏,-,(,trump car,)王牌,异化翻译的例子,炮火的考验-(baptism of fire)炮火的洗礼异,君子协定,丘比特之箭,大棒加胡萝卜,武装到牙齿,欧佩克,亚佩克,回到谈判桌来,卖点,异化翻译的例子,君子协定欧佩克异化翻译的例子,what is domestication?,Domestication is a strategy in which a transparent,fluent style is adopted in order to,minimize the strangeness,of the foreign text for target language readers.,在翻译中采用透明、流畅的风格,最大限度淡化原文陌生感的翻译策略。,It is target/target-culture oriented.,what is domestication?,(二)归化法,与异化法相反,归化译法要求译者向译语读者靠拢,采取读者关照的态度,使原文符合译语的文化价值观,把原文作者带人译语文化之中。归化的译法旨在使译文通顺易懂,能为译语读者所接受。,(二)归化法 与异化法相反,归化译法要求译者向译语读者靠,归化翻译的例子,1,、,Things Go Better With Coke,可口可乐,顺心顺意!,2,、,She was born,with a silver spoon in her mouth,.,A:,她降生时,,嘴里衔着一把银勺子,。,foreignization,B:,她出生在,富贵之家,。,domestication,归化翻译的例子1、Things Go Better With,High buildings and large mansions are,springing up like mushrooms,in Beijing.,A:,在北京,高楼大厦,犹如蘑菇般地,涌现。,foreignization,B:,在北京,高楼大厦,犹如,雨后春笋般,拔地而起,。,domestication,High buildings and large mansi,She could not desert Tara;she belonged to the red acres far more than they could ever belong to her.,她不会放弃塔拉,她属于这些红土地,远比它们属于她更加真实。,她不能放弃塔拉,这块红土地是属于她的,而她更是永远属于这块红土地。,She could not desert Tara;she,归化法与异化法比较,“,Give up my Pepsi?Don,t even think about it,”,BE YOUNG,HAVE FUN,DRINK PEPSI,异化翻译,:,“,不让我喝百事可乐?想都不要想,”,留驻青春,拥有乐趣,畅饮百事,归化法与异化法比较“Give up my Pepsi?Do,狐假虎威,“,The fox is false,while the tiger is mighty,”,“,an ass in a lions skin,”,它反映了汉民族对狐狸与老虎这两种动物特有的民族心理感受及认知,根植于汉民族文化。由于英语民族缺乏对这两种动物的上述心理体验和文化内涵,故英语就没有关于狐狸和老虎这种文化内涵对应的词语。若将之译为英文读者就会不知所云,;,反之,汉译英时,将其转用民族熟悉的形象 读者就很容易理解了,。,狐假虎威,1,),原文的语言虽然形象,甚至很新鲜,但无法照,实传译,。,如:,a mares nest,子虚乌有的事情 无稽之谈,2,),原文的语言已不再新鲜,用不着照实传译。,如:,a Political“Dear John”,政治上的绝交信,可以采取归化译法的情况,1)原文的语言虽然形象,甚至很新鲜,但无法照 可以采取归化,3,)归化法中汉语成语的运用,1,、,Good To The Last Drop,滴滴香浓,意犹未尽!,可以采取归化译法的情况,3)归化法中汉语成语的运用可以采取归化译法的情况,“Didnt know you were in the States,Mitty,”groaned Remington.”Coals to Newcastle,bringing Mitford and me up here for a tertiary.”,“,我不知道你就在美国,密蒂,,”,雷明顿嘟囔说。,“,把米特福德和我叫来治这第三期梅毒病,岂不是,多此一举,。,”,to carry coals to Newscastle,纽卡斯尔是英国的煤都,“Didnt know you were in the S,A man of honour could not have doubted the intention,but Mr.Darcy chose to doubt it-or to treat it as a merely conditional recommendation,and to assert that I have forfeited all claim to it by extravagance,imprudence,in short anything or nothing.,一个体面的人是不会怀疑先人的意图的,可是达西先生却偏要怀疑,-,或者说偏要把那视为只是有条件地举荐我,还一口断定我完全失去了受举荐的资格,说我生活铺张,举止鲁莽,总之,不说则已,说起来样样坏话都说到了,欲加之罪,何患无辞,A man of honour could not have,2,、,One dollar and eighty-seven cents.That was all.And sixty cents of it was in pennies.Pennies saved one and two at a times by bulldozing the grocer and the vegetable man and the butcher until ones cheeks burned with the silent imputation of parsimony that such close dealing implied,Three times Della counted it.One dollar and eighty-seven cents,And the next day would be Christmas,可以采取归化译法的情况,2、One dollar and eighty-seven,可以采取归化译法的情况,一块八毛七分钱。全在这儿了。其中六毛钱还是铜子儿凑起来的。这些铜子儿是每次一个、两个向杂货铺、菜贩和肉店老板那儿死乞白赖地硬扣下来的;人家虽然没有明说,自己总觉得这种括金播两的交易未免太吝啬,当时脸都臊红了。德拉数了三遍,数来数去还是一块八毛七分,而第二天就是圣诞节了。,可以采取归化译法的情况 一块八毛七分钱。全在这儿了,They wandered here and there with their absurd long staves in their hands like a lot of faithless pilgrims bewitched inside a rotten fence.,他们手里都拿着一根可笑的哭丧棒,从这里溜到那里,像一群失去信心的香客,让鬼魁给迷在这一圈乱树丛中了,。,过分采取归化译法的情况,They wandered here and there w,过分采取归化译法的情况,“,A second take!,”,he quipped before kissing Alicia when they remarried last June.,“,Just like a movie.,”,去年月,在复婚仪式上,拉什亲吻阿丽西亚之前妙语连珠,他说:,“,我们是梅开二度,就像演电影一样。,”,过分采取归化译法的情况 “A second take,过分采取归化译法的情况,Im full of scholarship;Im full of genius;Im full of information;Im full of novel views on every subject.,我学富五车,才高八斗,茹古含今,对一切问题都有最独到的见解。,过分采取归化译法的情况 Im full of scho,归化过头,不顾原文语言形式,不顾原语民族文化特征,一味追求译文的通顺和优美,在译文中使用一些独特的译语色彩的表达手段,eg.(8/9),归化过头不顾原文语言形式,1,、反映中华民族特殊习俗的,腰缠万贯、拂袖而去、生辰八字、负荆请罪、卧薪尝胆等;,2,、带有汉字特征的,八字没一撇、目不识丁等;,谨慎使用的五类汉语成语,1、反映中华民族特殊习俗的谨慎使用的五类汉语成语,谨慎使用的五类汉语成语,3,、含有中国地名的,江东父老、逐鹿中原、乐不思蜀、庐山真面、逼上梁山等,4,、含有中国人名,女蜗补天、东施效颦、廉颇老矣等,5,、涉及中国古老传说或故事,三顾茅庐、负荆请罪、盲人摸象、暗渡陈仓、指鹿为马等,谨慎使用的五类汉语成语3、含有中国地名的,可能的情况下,尽量实行异化译法。,如:,1,、,You toil and work and earn bread,and I,ll eat it.,你们流汗劳动换来面包,我坐享其成。,三、异化、归化并用互补,可能的情况下,尽量实行异化译法。三、异化、归化并用互补,第二,异化法不能完全达意,或者不能完全晓畅,则可考虑汉语
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