商务翻译（英译汉）Unit 13 Flexible Work Time Brings

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,*,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,Unit 13,Flexible Work Time Brings,?商务英语翻译?英译汉,【Translation】,Job flexibility is the key to keeping workers happy,productive and loyal to the company,a new study shows.Researchers at Wake Forest University School of Medicine in Winston-Salem,North Carolina,found that workers who enjoyed more work flexibility were also less likely to say health problems affected their performance at work.,Workplace flexibility refers to the ability of employees to modify where,when and how long their work is performed.Telecommuting,flexitime and job sharing were the main types of flexibility cited in the study published in the Psychologist-Manager journal.,The researchers studied a health survey completed by 3,193 employees of a large multinational pharmaceutical company.They used the information to determine how increases or decreases in perceived flexibility from one year to the next were associated with a variety of factors.Decreases in flexibility over the year were associated with reduced job commitment,but had little impact on absence,they said.Offering a variety of alternative work arrangements and training managers and supervisors to be supportive of workers personal lives may help in creating a culture of flexibility,researchers added.,弹性工作制与高效和忠诚,一项最新研究显示，弹性工作制对于保持员工心情愉快、高效工作以及对公司的忠诚度至关重要。此外，北卡罗来纳州温斯顿塞勒姆的韦克福里斯特大学医学院的研究人员们发现，享有更多工作自由度的员工称健康问题影响自己工作表现的几率较小。,“工作弹性 指的是员工灵活安排自己的工作地点、工作时间及工作量的能力。该项在?心理学家与管理人?期刊上发表的研究报告提到，远程办公、弹性工时，以及分工合作是弹性工作制的几种主要形式。,研究人员分析了一家大型跨国医药公司的3,193名员工的健康调查。他们根据其中的信息来确定一年内工作灵活度的增加或减少对其他一系列因素有什么影响。研究人员称，工作灵活度的减少导致了员工工作投入度的降低，但对于出勤没有太大影响。研究人员建议，为员工提供各种灵活的工作安排，让经理和主管们多为员工的个人生活着想，这将有利于打造“灵活的的企业文化。,【Version for Reference】,【Tips for Translation】,综合分析举例,1.There is no agreement whether methodology refers to the concepts peculiar to historical work in general or to the research techniques appropriate to the various branches of historical inquiry.,【结构分析】根据句子结构和语意分析，这个句子可分成五段：主句There is no.+从句whether.+后置定语peculiar to.+选择性并列从句or.+后置定语appropriate to.。从语意上讲，主句讲的是结果，从句说的是细节。根据汉语的表达习惯，译文的表达顺序正好与原文相反。,【参考译文】方法论是指一般的历史研究中特有的概念，还是指历史研究中各个具体领域适用的研究方法，人们对此意见不一。,2.For example,they do not compensate for gross social inequality,and thus do not tell how able an underprivileged youngster might have been had he grown up under more favorable circumstances.,【结构分析】这句话长达31个单词。从结构上讲，它是主句they do not.+并列谓语and thus do not.+宾语从句how able an underprivileged youngster might.+条件状语从句had he.；从语义上讲，它有四层意思：“不能，因此，不能会有多大的才干，如果。根据对这个句子的结构分析和语意分析，我们可以把它切分成四个小段：,For example,they do not compensate for gross social inequality,/,and thus do not tell/,how able an underprivileged youngster might have been/,had he grown up under more favorable circumstances.,由于每一小段包含一个意群，切分后我们就可以试译为：,例如，它们不能弥补巨大的社会不公，因此不能说明一个物质条件差的年轻人会有多大才干，如果他在较好的环境中长大。,【参考译文】例如,测试并不弥补明显的社会不公，因此它们不能说明一个物质条件差的年轻人，如果在较好的环境下成长的话，会有多大的才干。,3.Television,it is often said,keeps one informed about current events,allows one to follow the latest developments in science and politics,and offers an endless series of programs which are both instructive entertaining.,【结构分析】从句主语带有三个并列的谓语keeps.,allows.,and offers.构成一个三项并列结构，第二个三项中又各有一小的二项并列结构。,【参考译文】人们常说，电视使人们了解最近发生的大事，使人跟上最新科学和政治的开展，并向人们提供无终止的既有教育意义又有娱乐性的节目。,4.You have all heard it repeated that men of science work by means of induction and deduction,which by the help of these operations,they,in a sort of sense,manage to extract from Nature certain natural laws,and that out of these,by some special skill of their own,they build up their theories.,【机构分析】如能看出此句所涉及的并列结构 that.,that.,and that.,即可以说解决了此句的关键疑难点。因此，遇到长句如能查看一下是否有并列结构很重要。,【参考译文】人们常说过，科学家以归纳法和演绎法工作，借助于这些方法，在某种意义上说，设法从自然界找出某些自然规律，然后根据这些规律，用他们自己特殊的技能逐步建立起自己的理论。,5.From agreement on this general goal,we have,unfortunately,in the past proceeded to disagreement on specific goals,and from there to total inaction.,【结构分析】本句在词序上是倒装，顺过来应为：“We have,unfortunately,in the past proceeded form agreement on this general goal to disagreement on specific goals and from there to total inaction.句中的“there 指“agreement on general goal。,【参考译文】遗憾的是，在过去我们已经从总目标的一致开展到在目标上的分歧，并且从有所作为到无所作为。,6.Just as all truck drivers and construction workers are no longer necessarily men,all secretaries and receptionists are no longer automatically women.,【结构分析】这里句子结构实际上是Just as.,so.，译为“正如，也一样。从上述我们可以看出，翻译中的关键在于缩小两种语言的结构上的差距，如果能将差距缩小到最小限度，那么翻译就小，这本身就证明了这点。,【参考译文】正如所有的卡车司机和建筑工人不一定都是男的，所有的秘书和接待员也不一定都是女的。,7.Science moves forward,they say,not so much through the insights of great men of genius as because of more ordinary things like improved techniques and tools.,【结构分析】此句中的主要结构涉及not so much.as.的固定表达，意为：“与其说不如说。,【参考译文】一些新学派科学家说，科学的开展与其说起源于伟大天才的真知灼见不如说是由于改进了的技术和工具等更为普通的事物。,8.Interest in historical methods has arisen less through external challenge to the validity of history as an intellectual discipline and more from internal quarrels among historians themselves.,【结构分析】本句的结构是：Interest has arisen less through and more from,【参考译文】人们之所以关注历史研究的方法论，主要是因为史学界内部意见不一，其次是因为外界并不认为历史是一门学问。,9.This will be particula