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单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,英语动名词用法,英语动名词是非谓动词的一种形式。从形式上,是在动词原形的末尾加上,-ing,,否定形式为,not doing,英语动名词用法 英语动名词是非谓动词的一种形式。从形式上,1,动名词的形式:,主动语态,被动语态,一般式,doing,being done,完成式,having done,having been done,动名词的形式:主动语态被动语态一般式doingbeing,2,英语动名词有两个特点,1,、它是从动词变化而来的,所以它保留了动词的某些特征,例如它能带自己的宾语、状语等,这时就叫动名词短语;,2,、顾名思义,动名词最大的特点是它相当于一个名词,因此,动名词可以在句中作主语、宾语、表语、同位语等。因为它作为名词来使用,所以动名词也有像名词一样的所有格形式。,英语动名词有两个特点 1、它是从动词变化而来的,所以它保留,3,1,、作主语,动名词是由动词变化而来,所以,动名词的意义往往是表示某个动作或某件事情。例如:,Reading English aloud,in the morning will do you a lot of good.,早晨朗读英文会给你带来许多好处。,Cheating on an exam,ruins ones character.,考试作弊毁坏人的性格。,His being elected our chairman,made us think of a lot.,他当选为我们的主席使我们想起了许多许多。,1、作主语动名词是由动词变化而来,所以,动名词的意义往,4,动名词作主语时,对于一些比较长的动名词短语,一般采用,1.It is,句式来表示,It is no use waiting for him,any longer.,等他是没有用的。,It is no good learning,without practice.,学而不实践是没好处的。,It is useless talking about it,with him.,和他谈这件事是没用的。,Its a waste of time arguing about,it.,辩论这事是浪费时间,动名词作主语时,对于一些比较长的动名词短语,一般采用1.,5,2.There is no,”,句式来表示,There is no joking about,such matters.,这种事开不得玩笑。,There is no littering about.,不许乱扔杂物。,There is no holding back,the wheel of history.,历史车轮不可阻挡,。,2.There is no”句式来表示 There i,6,动名词作宾语,动名词作宾语通常是在某些动词后,.,高中阶段能接动名词作宾语的常见动词:,mind,(介意),suggest,(建议),enjoy,(欣赏,),admit,(承认),appreciate,(感激,欣赏),avoid,(避免),delay,(推迟),escape,(逃脱),finish,(完成),forgive,(宽恕),imagine,(想象),keep,(保持),miss,(错过),practise,(训练),resist,(抵抗,抵制),risk,(冒险),deny,(拒绝,否认),consider,(考虑)等,。,Many people,enjoy sunbathing,on the beach in summer.,夏季,很多人喜欢在沙滩日光浴。,I,suggest doing,it in a different way.,我建议用另一种方法做这件事。,动名词作宾语 动名词作宾语通常是在某些动词后.高中阶段能接动,7,动名词作介词宾语,动名词作介词宾语时,通常放在由动词或形容词与介词组成的动词短语或形容词短语后。此类短语有很多。如:,look forward to,(渴望,盼望),be proud of,(以,自豪),be responsible for,(对,负责),insist on,(坚持),think of,(考虑,想到),dream of,(梦想),object to,(反对,抗议),hear of,(听说),prevent,from,(防止,阻止),keep,from,(防止,阻止),stop,from,(防止,阻止),be engaged in,(从事于),depend on,(依靠,依赖),thank,for,(因,而道谢),excuse,for,(因,而道歉),aim at,(目的在于),devote,to,(献身于),set about,(着手做),be/get used to,(习惯于),be fond of,(喜欢),be afraid of,(害怕),be tired of,(对,厌烦),succeed in,(成功地做,),be interested in,(对,感兴趣),be ashamed of,(对,感到羞愧)等等。,动名词作介词宾语 动名词作介词宾语时,通常放在由动词或形容词,8,.We,were used to,getting up early in the morning.,我们以前习惯早起。,I,am against,inviting him to dinner.,我反对邀请他来吃饭。,They dont,feel like,walking that much.,他们不喜欢走那么多路。,.We were used to getting up ea,9,注意:,(,1,)有些动词后面,如,forget,remember,stop,try,mean,regret,、,go on,等,既可跟动名词也可跟不定式作宾语,但是意义不一样。,He,forgot paying,for the book.,他忘了曾经付了买书的钱。,(,他付过钱了,),He,forgot to pay,for the book.,他忘了去付买书的钱。,(,他没有付过钱,),Stop talking,.(,停止说话,),I,stopped to talk,with Tom.,(开始去说话),注意:(1)有些动词后面,如forget,remembe,10,2,)在有些句子中,介词常可省去,。,I have no difficulty,(in)communicating,with foreigners.,我在和外国人交谈方面没有什么困难。,He used to spend a lot of time,(in)playing games,.,过去他常花很多时间玩游戏。,What can prevent us,(from)getting married,?,有什么能阻止我们结婚?,2)在有些句子中,介词常可省去。I have no dif,11,(,3,)动名词可以和一些介词如,in,on,after,against,before,by,for,without,besides,等构成短语,在句中作状语,。,He left ahead of time,without saying a word,.,他一句话也没说就提前离开了。,Besides cooking and sewing,she had to take care of four children.,除了做饭和缝纫以外,她还要照顾四个孩子。,On hearing the news,all the pupils jumped with joy.,听到这个消息后,所有的学生都高兴得跳了起来。,(3)动名词可以和一些介词如in,on,after,a,12,(,4,),want,(需要),need,(需要),deserve,(值得),require,(需要)等词后,我们用动名词的主动形式表达被动意思,。,Your car,needs filling,.,你这车要充气了。,This city,deserves visiting,.,这座城市值得光顾一下。,The problem,requires studying,carefully.,这个问题需要认真研究。,The trees,want watering,.,这些树需要浇水了。,(4)want(需要),need(需要),deserve,13,动名词作表语,His hobby is,collecting stamps,.,他的爱好是收集邮票。,Their task is,exploring oil mines,in the west.,他们的任务是在西部探查油矿。,In the ant city,the queens job is,laying eggs,.,在蚂蚁王国,蚁后的工作是产卵。,注意:,这时,主语和表语可以互换位置,动名词作表语 His hobby is collecting,14,动名词作定语。,动名词作定语时一般前置,与所修饰的名词间没有逻辑上的主谓关系,表用途。,reading room,阅览室,swimming pool,游泳池,dining car,餐车,sleeping car,卧车,singing competition,歌咏比赛,waiting room,候车室,动名词作定语。动名词作定语时一般前置,与所修饰的名词间没有,15,动名词作同位语,.His habit,listening to the news on the radio,,,remains unchanged.,他收听收音机新闻节目的习惯仍未改变。,动名词作同位语.His habit,listening,16,动名词的复合结构,动名词的复合结构指动名词前有其逻辑主语。复合结构通常由“物主代词、人称代词宾格、名词所有格或者名词的普通格,+,动名词”构成,在句子开头时必须用物主代词和名词所有格,通常在句中作主语和宾语。,His coming,made us very happy.,他的到来使我们大家都很高兴。,I dont mind,your opening,the window.,I dont mind,you opening,the window.,我不介意你开窗。,I enjoyed listening to,Johns singing,.,I enjoyed listening to,john singing,.,我喜欢听约翰唱歌。,动名词的复合结构 动名词的复合结构指动名词前有其逻辑主语。复,17,
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