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金太阳教育,JINTAIYANGJIAOYU,金太阳教育,JINTAIYANGJIAOYU,金太阳教育,JINTAIYANGJIAOYU,题型分析,2020,二轮复习 分类突破,语法填空,考法1有提示词,1.提示词是动词,首先,分析语境和句子结构,判断要填的动词是谓语动词还是非谓语动词,然后按照以下两点进行思考:,试题探究,(1)若所给动词在句子中作谓语,就要考虑动词的时态和语态。有时也要根据语境判断是否要通过加词缀变成否定含义。,arrived,句意:就在天亮之前我到达了阳朔,那时天正下着小雨。由It was raining可知,本句是叙述发生在过去的事情,应用一般过去时。,例,1,It was raining lightly when I,(arrive)in Yangshuo just before dawn.,(2)若句中已有谓语动词,且所给动词也不是作并列谓语时,要填的词就,是非谓语动词,。此时动词与其逻辑主语之间的关系(主谓、动宾关系),最后结合,v-ing,形式、,v-ed,形式以及动词不定式各自的用法来确定用哪种形式。有时也要根据语境判断考查的是不是,固定搭配。,A study of travelers,(conduct)by the website TripAdvisor names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in the world.,conducted,分析句子成分可知,本句谓语动词为names,所以空格处应为非谓语动词。因为study和conduct之间是动宾关系,所以用过去分词作定语。,例,2,2.,提示词是形容词或副词,如果括号内的提示词是形容词或副词,一种情况是考查词性的转换,如,形容词,与,副词,之间的转换;另一种情况是考查,比较级,和,最高级,一般句中有表示范围的介词in/of或空格前有the时,要用最高级,than的前面则用比较级。偶尔也会考查所给形容词或副词的否定式,在其前添加前缀。,Walls made of adobe take in the heat from the sun on hot days and give out that heat,(slow)during cool nights,thus warming the house.,slowly,修饰动词短语give out要用副词。,例,3,3.提示词是名词,如果给出的提示词是名词,一种情况是考查词形变化,词性不变,如变成名词,复数形式,、,名词所有格,等;另一种情况是考查名词与其他词性的转换,如转换成形容词。,While there are amazing stories of instant transformation,for most of us the,(change)are gradual and require a lot of effort and work,like cleaning up a polluted river.,changes,分析句子结构可知,此处需填句子主语,由后面的谓语动词are可知,主语应该是一个复数形式的名词。,例,4,4.提示词是,代词,需要分析,在句中作,的成分，如,主语,、宾语、定语等成分,再根据具体成分确定物主代词，反身代词还是形容词性物主代词等。,A few hours before,Id been at home in Hong Kong,with,(it)choking smog.,例,5,its,句意:几小时之前,我待在香港的家,那儿有令人窒息的雾。smog是名词,需要一个形容词性物主代词修饰。,考法2无提示词,纯空格填空题主要考查冠词、介词、并列连词、引导词,、,助动词、情态动词和固定搭配等。近几年的全国新课标卷主要考查的是冠词、介词和连词,包括并列连词和从属连词。解答此类问题时,考生需认真分析句子结构,根据句子所缺成分判断填哪类词,同时还要结合句意,分析句与句之间的逻辑关系,进行综合判断。,1.填冠词,如果空格后有名词(短语),而且二者搭配在一起表示泛指或特指,或者空格后有序数词、最高级、表示特指意义的比较级等形式,那么空格处一般填冠词。,Now,years later,this river is one of,most outstanding examples of environmental cleanup.,the,本句空格后面的most outstanding是形容词的最高级形式,且句中有表示范围的介词of,故空格处应填定冠词the。,例,6,2.填介词,判断空格处是否需要填介词,通常以介词与名词、动词、形容词等的固定搭配为依据,如 access to、devote to、benefit from、stop/keep/prevent sb from、be aware of、be tired of/from等;或者看空格后是否有作其宾语的名词,且二者一起构成介词短语,在句子中作定语、状语、补语等成分,如on sale、to one,s surprise、in silence等。,For those who fly to Guilin,its only an hour away,_,car and offers all the scenery of the better-known city.,by,乘坐交通工具常用by加可数名词的单数形式,by car“坐车”。,例,7,and,根据语境可知,空格前后是顺承关系,故用并列连词and连接上下文。,3.填并列连词,空格处是否需要填并列连词主要通过观察句子结构确定。在这种情况下,空格前后一般是两个并列成分,而且并列的成分之间存在并列、转折、选择等关系。,There were many people waiting at the bus stop,_,some of them looked very anxious and disappointed.When the bus finally came,we all hurried on board.,例,8,4.填引导词,引导词有从属连词、疑问代词、关系代词、疑问副词、关系副词等,它们被用来引导状语从句、名词性从句和定语从句。判断空格处填哪个引导词,首先要看它引导的是哪一种从句。,(1)如果引导状语从句,一般要根据主从句之间的关系及引导词的意义判断,如表示“如果”用if,表示“直到”用until/till,表示“因为”用because/as/since等。,One day,the cow was eating grass,it began to rain heavily.,when,分析句子结构可知,这个句子用了固定句型be doing sth when.“正在做某事,这时”。,例,9,(2)如果引导名词性从句,则要判断引导词在从句中是否作成分。如果作成分,则要判断具体是作主语、宾语还是状语等;如果不作成分,则要判断其是否有特殊意义。,Also,you can view the people you judge negatively as mirrors to show you,you are not accepting about yourself.,what,what引导宾语从句,在从句中作宾语,此处表示“你不接受自己的哪些方面”。,例,10,(3)如果引导定语从句,首先要判断引导词在从句中作主语、宾语还是状语,然后再通过先行词指人、指物,还是表示时间、地点、原因等再做出最后的决定。,I,d skipped nearby Guilin,a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River,are pictured by artists in so many Chinese paintings.,that/which,此处引导一个定语从句,先行词mountain tops和dark waters指物,且引导词在定语从句中作主语,所以用that或which引导。,例,11,did,此处强调谓语动词,再根据句中时态可知用过去时,故用助动词did。,5.填助动词或情态动词,填助动词主要从语法角度考虑,如用来构成否定、疑问、强调、倒装、虚拟语气或反义疑问句等。填情态动词主要从语境考虑,如表示非常有把握的肯定推测用must,表示责任与义务用,should。,Fifteen minutes later,I was hot,sweaty and dirty,but I,feel good.,例,12,6.填固定搭配、固定句型中的缺失词,固定搭配、固定句型及习惯用法属于比较简单的考点,主要靠考生在平时学习中的积累,如pay attention to、make up one,s mind、make a choice/decision、make a contribution to、play a part/role in、lead/live a.life等。,(2016全国卷)Most of us are more focused,_,our tasks in the morning than we are later in the day.,on,固定短语 be focused on“集中注意力于”。,例,13,The New Year,in foreigners eyes,is,not only a kind of homesickness,but a,spring migration(,迁徙,).Every year,1_,(see)the largest annual mass migration on,the planet,2,one,sixth of the worlds population travel home,to celebrate,3,_,their family.That is around a billion people,4,(make)3.5,billion journeys,in a 40-day,period.Meanwhile,over 250 million rail journeys are made across,China during the festival.Last year,5.6 million rail tickets,5,(sell)in a single,day.,Every new year in the heartland of industrial China thousands of motorcyclists,brave the weather and hit the road,determined to make,6,home.,The Chinese New Year,7,(celebrate)is also known as the Spring Festival.,It lasts 15 days.It is the main holiday of the Chinese calendar.In modern China,8,(search)for work,many people have to move away from home.And they,will travel home to be with the loved ones during the Spring Festival.In the Chinese,New Year,modern and,9,(tradition)customs are brought together when the,Chinese celebrate the Spring Festival.Nowadays,not only does China ha
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