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单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,高考语法复习,冠词与数词,高考语法复习,1,冠词考点及复习要点,冠词的考查是当前各地高考考卷中的热点,是我们复习中的重点之一。冠词的考查以固定结构和习惯用语为主,结合考查一些基本规则。所以我们在复习中要注重教材中的语言点的整理,同时对下面的冠词规则也要引起重视。,1、不定冠词的用法比较;,2、定冠词的习惯用法;,3、零冠词的用法;,4、在习惯用语中冠词的用法;,冠词考点及复习要点,2,冠词的定义和种类:,英语冠词是置于,名词之前,、说明名词所表示的人或事物的一种,虚词,。冠词也可以说是名词的一种标志,它,不能离开名词而独立存在,。,英语冠词有三种:,定冠词,、,不定冠词,和,零冠词,。,冠词的定义和种类:英语冠词是置于名词之前、说明名词所表示的人,3,冠词,1.不定冠词:a ,an一般有any 或one 的意思,但不强调数目概念,只用来指食物,说明其名称或种类。用法如下:,(1)泛指人、事、物的类别,(2)泛指某人、某物,(3)表示one,every 或per的意义,Eg:1.There was _ time when I hated to go to school.,2.Jumping out of _ airplane at ten thousand feet is quite _ exciting experience.,a,an,an,冠词1.不定,4,2.定冠词的用法:,(1)表示特指和第二次提到的人或物;,the worker,(那个工人),,the same,(相同的),(2)用于指代世界上独一无二的事物;,the,sun ,the,moon,the,earth,(3)用于序数词、形容词最高级前面;,the,first,the,second,the,most beautiful,the,best,2.定冠词的用法:(1)表示特指和第二次提到的人或物;the,5,(4)用于江河湖海、山脉、群岛、海峡、海湾、沙漠及表方位的名词前;,the,Yellow River,the,east(东部),(5)与某些形容词连用表示一类人或物;,the,rich ,the,wounded(伤员),(6)用于复数姓氏前面,表示“夫妇”或“全家”;,the,Smiths ,the,Kings,(4)用于江河湖海、山脉、群岛、海峡、海湾、沙漠及表方位的,6,(7)用于表示乐器的名词前面;,Lucy likes to play,the,violin/piano/guitar.,(8)用于表示时间的词组,in,the,morning(afternoon,evening).,in,the,1980s,have,a,rest ,live,a,happy life,(9)固定搭配,习惯用法。,have,a,rest ,live,a,happy life,have,an,effect on,(7)用于表示乐器的名词前面;Lucy likes to p,7,冠词专项训练:,1.The news is spreading from mouth to mouth.,-Yes,its become_ talk of _ town.,2.Alexander Graham Bell invented _ telephone in 1876.,3.-_ Smiths have moved to Guangzhou.,4.He has _ great interest in history,especially in _ history of Tan Dynasty.,the,the,the,The,a,the,冠词专项训练:thethetheThe athe,8,不定冠词的用法,考题点击1,The Wilsons live in _ A-shaped house near the coast.It is _ 17th century cottage.,(04浙江),A.the,/B.an,the C./,the D.an,a,该句意为“威尔逊先生一家住在海边的一幢A型房子里,那是一幢十七世纪的屋子。”两处都表示“一幢“,A-shaped 是元音开头,该用 an;而 seventeenth是辅音开头,所以该用 a。,不定冠词的用法该句意为“威尔逊先生一家住在海边的一幢A型房子,9,定冠词的用法,考题点击1,As a rule,domestic servants doing odd jobs are paid _.,(,04,上海春季),A.by the hour B.by hour,C.by an hour D.by hours,“按小时付费”,以及其它用来表示“按计算”都需用介词 by 加 the 加单位名词来表示,如:by the day;by the pound;by the dozen。但需注意:size;weight;time;length 等名词并不表示单位,所以不需加 the。,定冠词的用法“按小时付费”,以及其它用来表示“按计算”都需,10,数词考点及复习要点,虽然数词并不是近几年的考查重点,但我们在复习时还是需要搞清楚以下几个概念:,1、数词的基本用法及比较;,2、数词的位置;,3、倍数词的表达习惯;,4、在习惯用语中数词的用法;,数词考点及复习要点,11,一、基数词,2.基数词的用法,1.基数词的形式,3.基数词的复数形式,一、基数词2.基数词的用法1.基数词的形式3.基数词的复数形,12,1)基数词中112是独立单词,1319的基数词以后缀-teen结尾,2090 八个整十位数数词以后缀-ty结尾。,1.基数词的形式,2)表示其他两位数词,十位与个位之间用连字符“-”:twenty-three,seventy-five,etc.,3)百位数与十位数之间,英式英语用and连接,美式英语一般不用:,英:three hundred and sixty-five days,美:five thousand,eight hundred twenty-two students,1)基数词中112是独立单词,1319的基数词以后缀-,13,作主语,The four,of us were too frightened to say a word.,Its said that,thirteen,is an unlucky number in western countries.,2.基数词的用法,作定语,Fifty thousand,London workers are on strike.,作宾语 How many do you want?,I want,four.,作表语 The boy is,ten.,作同位语 They,three,joined the school team.,作状语 I hate riding,two,on a bike.,作主语2.基数词的用法作定语 作宾语 Ho,14,1)表示确指数字时,ten,hundred,thousand,million只用单数形式,不能加-s。,3.基数词的复数形式,2)dozen(十二),score(二十),head(一头)等表示确切数字时不用复数形式,但在表示不确切数字时要用复数:two dozen bottles of beer;,dozens of times;four score and six years;,scores of students,3)表示“几十”的数词的复数形式可用来表示人的岁数或年代。,e.g.She died in her forties.,This story took place in the 1950s.,1)表示确指数字时,ten,hundred,thous,15,二、序数词,2.序数词的基本用法,1.序数词的形式,二、序数词2.序数词的基本用法1.序数词的形式,16,1)序数词中除了前三个(first,second,third)形式特殊以外,其余都以-th结尾,1.序数词的形式,2)以-ty结尾的基数词变成序数词时,须将-y改为-i再加-eth,3)两位数的基数词变为序数词时,只须将个位数变成序数词,十位数不变,4)序数词的缩写形式由阿拉伯数字加序数词最后两个字母构成,1)序数词中除了前三个(first,second,thi,17,1)序数词在句中主要用作定语,前面要加定冠词 the,2.序数词的基本用法,2)序数词前有时可加不定冠词a/an,表示“再一次,又一”,3)序数词有时可用来代替“第个(批)人/物”,4)定冠词the+序数词+形容词最高级,1)序数词在句中主要用作定语,前面要加定冠词 the2.序,18,3,.倍数比较的表达法,1)倍数+as+形容词/副词原级+as,2)倍数+形容词/副词比较级+than,3)倍数+the length(width等名词)+of,4,)倍数,+as much(many,large,etc.)+as,3.倍数比较的表达法1)倍数+as+形容词/副词原级+as2,19,数词的基本用法,考题点击1,It is not rare in _ that people in _ fifties are going to university for further education.,A.90s,the B.the 90s,/,C.90s,theirD.the 90s,their,表示“几十岁”;用 in+数词复数,如:,He began to work in his teens.,表示年代,用 in+the+数词复数;,数词的基本用法表示“几十岁”;用 in+数词复数,如:,20,数词的基本用法,考题点击2,_ of the land in that district _ covered with trees and grass.(2000上海),A.Two fifth,isB.Two fifth,are,C.Two fifths,isD.Two fifths,are,分数和百分数作主语时,关键是看其后的名词来决定其谓语动词的数。该题中的是不可数名词,所以动词需用单数。,数词的基本用法分数和百分数作主语时,关键是看其后的名词来决定,21,数词的基本用法,考题点击3,Americans eat _ vegetables per person today as they did in 1910.(2002上海春),A.more than twice B.as twice as many,C.twice as many as D.more than twice as many,倍数表示法:主+谓+倍数(或分数)+as+adj.(+n.)+asI have three times as many as you,数词的基本用法倍数表示法:主+谓+倍数(或分数)+as,22,Good-bye!,Good-bye!,23,
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