初中现在完成时复习课件

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,冬天来了，春天还会远吗？,If winter,has,already,come,can spring be far behind?,初中时态讲解,现在完成时,知识链接：八年级下册Unit9Have you ever been to an amusement park?,复习目录,现在完成时态的概念,现在完成时态的,结构,现在完成时态的否定，疑问形式,现在完成时态的,用法,现在完成时态与一般过去式的比较,现在完成时态练习,1.现在完成时的概念,1）表示,过去发生,或,已完成,的动作,对现在,造成的影响或结果；,2）表示过去已经开始并,一直持续,到现在的动作或状态。,E.g.He,has,learned,English since 2001.,past,now,future,现在完成时,一般过去式,现在进行时,一般将来时,你会自己造句吗？,2.现在完成时的结构,现在完成时的构成：,Have/has,+,done,助动词,过去分词,主语+have/has+过去分词+宾语+,状语,Have:第一、二/复数,Has:第三人称单数,规则动词：,直，去，双，变,不规则动词,：AAA，ABB，ABA，ABC,规则动词,(1)一般动词，在词尾,直接加“ed,”。,work-worked-worked,visit-visited-visited,(2)以“e”结尾的动词，,只,在词尾,加“d,”。,live-lived-lived,(3)以“,辅音字母,+y”结尾的动词，,将 y 变为 i,，再加“ed”。,study-studied-studied,cry-cried-cried,(4),重读闭音节,结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母，,先双写该辅音字母，再加“ed”。,stop-stopped-stopped,drop-dropped-dropped,重点1：写出下列动词的过去式和过去分词,Work _ _,Liv,e,_ _,St,ay,_ _,Stop _ _,Clean _ _,Stu,dy,_ _,worked worked,lived lived,stayed stayed,stopped stopped,cleaned cleaned,studied studied,不规则动词,AAA型 cost cost cost；cut cut cut,AAB型,beat beat beaten,ABA型,run ran run；,come came come,become became become,ABB型 buy bought bought；build built built,ABC型 begin began begun；,choose chose chosen,3.现在完成时的否定与疑问,现在完成时的否定式直接在助动词have或has后面加上not、疑问式是把助动词提到主语之前。,否定句,疑问句,I,have not,(havent)studied.,Have I,studied,?,You,have not,(havent)studied.,Have you,studied,?,He,has not,(hasnt)studied.,Has he,studied,?,例题Rewrite the sentences.,1.I have been to Shanghai before.(改为否定句),I _ _ been to Shanghai before.,2.He hasnt come to school,because he was ill,.(就划线部分提问),_ _ he come to school?,have,not,Why,ha,snt,重点2：现在完成时态的否定与疑问,比较have been to/in和have gone to,He,has gone to,Shanghai.,他(已经)去上海了。,He,has been to,Shanghai.,他(曾经)去过上海。,have(has)been in,表示“,在某地呆多长时间,”，常与,表示一段时间的状语连用,，如：since,for,how long 等。例如：,Mr.Brown has been in Shanghai,for three days.,布朗先生来上海已经有三天了。,小结,词组,含义,搭配,Have gone to,到某地去了,，表示到了某地或正在去某地的途中。说话时该人,不在现场,Have been to,曾经去过某地,，现在已经不在那里了。,just,ever,never,Have been in,在某地,呆多长时间,since,for,how long,1.Jane has _ to BeiJing.She will come back tomorrow.,A.been B.never been,C.went D.gone,2.Hello,this is Mr.Green speaking.Can I speak to Mr.Black?,-Sorry.He _ the Bainiao Park.,A.has been to B.has gone to,C.went to D.will go to,3.-_ you ever _ to the US?,-Yes,twice.,A.Have,gone B.Have,been,C,Do,go D.were,going,B,B,D,重点3 have been to/in和have gone to 的对比例题,4.现在完成时的用法,1）,现在完成时,通常表示在,说话之前已经完成的动作,或存在的状态。说话人强调的是该动作或状态对现在的,结果或影响,。,(汉语中常用,“,已经,”,、,“,过,”,、,“,了,”,等表达）通常与表示包括现在在内的时间副词,just，already,before,yet,never,ever,two times,等状语连用。例如：,My daughter has,just,gone out.,我女儿刚出去。,Im sure weve met,before.,我肯定我们以前见过面。,Have you milked the cow,yet,?,牛奶的奶挤了吗？,I have,never,heard that before.,我从没听说过。,你还能用现在完成时想到其它句子吗？,2）表示持续到现在的动作或状态，往往和包括现在在内的表示一段时间的状语连用，如,recently,lately,for,since,等。如：,We havent seen you,recently,.,最近我们没有见到你。,They have been away,for two years,.,他们离开已经两年了。,She has been with us,since,Monday.,她从周一开始就跟我们在一起了。,注意：a),since和for的区别,since后接时间点,，如1993，last term,yesterday,the time I got there，Tuesday,October-“自从”,for后接一段时间,，表示“长达多久”，如ten years,a while,two days等。-“长达”,重点4：since和for的区别,1.Jim has been in Ireland _ Monday.,2.Jill has been in Ireland _ three days.,3.His aunt has lived in Australia _15 days.,4.Mary is in her office.She has been there _ 7 oclock.,5.India has been an independent country _1974.,6.The bus is late.Theyve been waiting _ 20 minutes.,7.Nobody lives in those houses.They have been empty _ many years.,8.Mike has been ill _a long time.He has been in hospital _ October.,since,since,since,since,for,for,for,for,for,注意：b),表示短暂意义的动词如,arrive,leave,borrow,buy,begin,start,die,等，在完成时当中不能和表示一段时间的状语连用（不能和since,for,how long 连用）。,短暂性动词,He has come here for 2 years.,The old man has died for 4 months.,They have left only for 5 minutes.,以上三句话可以改为：,He has been here for 2years.,The old man has _ _ for 4 months.,They have _ _ only for 5 minutes,been,dead,been,out,错,错,错,注意：c),现在完成时不能和表示过去的时间状语连用，如,yesterday,last year,in 1976,two days ago,just now,一般过去式,（错）Tom has written a letter to his parents last night.,（对）Tom,wrote,a letter to his parents,last night,.,5.现在完成时与一般过去时的比较,1）一般过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯叙述过去的事情，,强调动作,；,现在完成时为过去发生的，强调过去的事情对现在的影响，,强调影响,。,I,saw,this film yesterday.,I,have seen,this film.,2）一般过去时,常与,具体的表示过去的时间,状语连用;,现在完成时通常与,模糊的时间状语,连用，或无时间状语。,一般过去时的时间状语:,yesterday,last week，ago,in1990,in October,just now,-具体的时间状语,现在完成时的时间状语:,for,since,so far,ever,never,just,yet,till/until,up to now,in the past few years,recently,-模糊的时间状语,3）现在完成时,可表示持续到现在的动作或状态，动词一般是,延续性的,，如live,teach,learn,work,study,know.,一般过去时,常用的非持续性动词有come,go,leave,start,die,finish,become,get married等。,She,joined,the League three years ago.,(加入的动作不是延续的),She,has been in,the League for three years(since three years ago).,(在团内的状态可延续),She,has been,a League member for three years(since three years ago).,(是团员的状态可持续),试一试，用所给词的正确形式填空,1 I,（live）here since I was ten years old.,2 I,（live）here in 1998.,-,you,your breakfast？-Yes，I have.,-When,you,it？,-30 minutes ago.,have/has been to和have/has gone to 的用法区别,1,“,Have/has been