关系副词引导的定语从句

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,*,关系副词引导的定语从句,By Shirley,关系副词引导的定语从句,先观察下面各句，尝试总结一下,红色部分,的用法。,Do you remember the days,when/in which,I stayed with you in the USA?,你还记得我和你在美国共度的那些日子吗？,2)The factory,where/in which,he worked for twenty years is closing down.,他效力了,20,年的那个工厂倒闭了。,3)The reason,why/for which,he was late for school was that he didnt catch the bus.,他之所以迟到，原因是没赶上公交车。,4)I have read the book,in which,you are interested.,我读了那本你感兴趣的书。,5)The man,with whom,I talked just now comes,from Japan.,刚刚和我交谈的那个男人来自日本。,6)This is the book,which,she is looking for.,这就是她正在找的那本书。,小结归纳,when,通常放在表示时间的名词后引导定语从句，如句,1,）；,where,放在表示地点的名词后引导定语从句，如句,2,）；,why,经常放在,reason,的后面来引导定语从句，如句,3,）；,当引导定语从句时，关系副词一般可以转化为“介词,+,关系代词”，即：,when/where,可转化为,on/in/at,等,+which,，,why,可转化为,for which,（在口语中可用,that,或省略），这也是定语从句中的一种常见现象。,需要特别注意的是此时介词后的关系代词不能用,that,，,如句,1,）、,2,）、,3,）,另外，指代先行词的关系代词,which,whom,在从句中,作介词宾语时，可以把,“介词,+,关系代词,(which/whom)”,一起,放在先行词和从句之间，如句,4,）、,5,）；,但含有介词的短语动词一般不拆开，,介词仍放在动词的后面，如句,6,）。,1)Do you remember the days,when/in which,I stayed with you in the USA?,2)The factory,where/in which,he worked for twenty years is closing down.,3)The reason,why/for which,he was late for school was that he didnt catch the bus.,4)I have read the book,in which,you are interested.,5)The man,with whom,I talked just now comes from Japan.,6)This is the book,which,she is looking for.,当引导定语从句时，关系副词一般可以转化为“介词,+,关系代词”，即：,when/where,可转化为,on/in/at,等,+which,，,why,可转化为,for which,需要特别注意的是此时介词后的关系代词不能用,that,，,如句,1,）、,2,）、,3,）,另外，指代先行词的关系代词,which,whom,在从句中作介词宾语时，可以把“介词,+,关系代词,(which/whom)”,一起放在先行词和从句之间，如句,4,）、,5,）；,但含有介词的短语动词一般不拆开，介词仍放在动词的后面，如句,6,）。,关系代词,that,和,which,在定语从句中充当主语或宾语,关系副词,when/where/why,分别在定语从句中充当时间状语，地点状语和原因状语。,例如：,This is the house,where/in which,we once lived.,这是我们曾经住过的房子,（,Where,相当于,in the house,做地点状语）,This is the house,which/that,they built last year.,这是他们去年建的房子,（,which/that,指代,house,做,built,的宾语）,Ill never forget the days,when/on which,we stayed in Beijing.,我永远不会忘记我们一起在北京的日子,（,When,相当于,on the days,做时间状语，,on the days“,在这些日子,”,）,Ill never forget the days,which,we spent in Beijing.,我永远不会忘记我们一起在北京的日子,（,Which,指代,the days,做,spent,的宾语）,That is the reason,why/for which,she told a lie.,那就是她为什么撒谎的原因。,（,Why,相当于,for the reason,做原因状语）,That is the reason,which,was told by the boy.,那就是那个男孩说的原因。,（,Which,指代,the reason,做主语）,注意：,确立关系代词,which/that,或关系副词,when/where/why,的方法：,看定语从句中是否缺少主语或宾语，如果缺少用,which/that,；,如果不缺主语或宾语用,when/where/why.,关系副词在定语从句中不充当主语或宾语，只能充当,状语,。如果先行词表时间、地点、原因，关系词在句中作主语或宾语，应该用关系代词,that,或,which,。如：,I still remember the days,that/which,we spent in the small village.(,作宾语,),我还记得我们在那个小村庄度过的那些日子。,The reason,that/which,he gave was not reasonable.(,作宾语,),他给的那个理由不合情理。,The factory,that/which,we visited yesterday is far from here.(,作宾语,),我们昨天参观的那家工厂离这里很远。,用关系代词,还是关系副词完全取决于从句,中的谓语动词。,及物动词后面无宾语,就必须要求用关系代词,;,而不及物动词则要求用关系副词。,（参考,P5,例句,）,作业,汉译英,1.,你还记得我们一起在乡下度过的假期吗？,2.,这是我父亲从前工作过的工厂。,3.,我找不到他离开这儿的原因。,4.,我知道一个我们可以玩的开心的地方。,5.,那就是他,10,年前住过的房子。,6.,那就是我去美国的那一年。,