一、词汇教学建议

课标词汇五级要求,了解英语词汇包括单词、短语、习惯用语和固定搭配等形式。,理解和领悟词语的基本含义以及在特定语境中的意义。,运用词汇描述事物、行为和特征，说明概念等。,学会使用,1500,1600,个单词和,200,300,个习惯用语或固定搭配。,课标词汇与教材词汇,教材词汇,=,课标词汇,课标要求教材语言素材的选取尽可能真实、地道，为了做到这一点，所选的素材肯定会涉及更多的词汇,教材中出现的一些词不是教师必须教，学生必须学的，如：,Portuguese,California,broccoli,等,课标词汇与教材词汇,教材中的词汇通常可以分为三个层次：第一层是课程标准中规定要掌握的词汇，属于核心词，要求学生掌握并灵活运用；第二层是话题拓展词汇，属于认读词，大部分不需要学生掌握，只要求听懂、会读；第三层是因行文需要出现的词汇，学生只要理解即可，并不需要掌握。（张献臣，,2007,）,1.,利用联想学习词汇,travel,sea,air,land,boat,harbor,port,crew,voyage,ship,captain,sailor,fly,flight,arrival,departure,gate,take off,land,crash,pilot,air,traffic,driver,car,subway,rules,highway,bus,conductor,passenger,petrol,rush-hour,platform,train,Making phone calls,拨电话,dial a number,电话占线,busy/engaged,重拨电话,redial,接通电话,get through,接电话,answer the phone,别挂电话,hang on,挂断电话,hang up/ring off,回电话,call/ring back,打电话,call/phone,sb,.give,sb,.a ring,ring,sb,.up make a call,2.,在语境中学习词汇,利用上下文里的同义词或近义词,A study of more than 12,000 American,teenagers,found that,young people,who spend more time with their parents are happier than It was also found,kids,who spend more time with their parents do better in their school subjects,在语境中学习词汇,利用上下文单词之间的指代关系,Micks father always went out in the evenings.One day Mick said to his father,“My friends always watch TV with their parents.They ask a lot of questions.But in our home,mom seems to be the only parent.”,These comments,made the father begin to think,在这里指代什么呢？,在语境中学习词汇,利用上下文中的词与词之间的搭配猜测词义,Im going to have a party to,celebrate,my 20th birthday.,Lets,synchronize,our watch so that we can start the game at the same time.,3.,通过分类加深对单词的理解和记忆,下面的衣物哪些是男性穿的？哪些是女性穿的？哪些是男性和女性都可以穿的？请把它们简单归类。,overcoatglovesraincoattrousers,suitT-shirtsweatercoat,skirtjacketvestdress,blouseshortsstockingsscarf,jeanssocksshoestie,男性穿,女性穿,男女性都穿,3.,通过分类加深对单词的理解和记忆,下图中间的单词可以分为六个类别。请你根据一定的分类标准把单词填入相应的方框里。,milk typist apples pigs shirts Germany,chickens Japan shoes oranges peaches,wine cows butcher driver Greece,socks Turkey trousers baker dogs,sheep coffee plums pears,Fruits,Drinks,Clothes,Jobs,Aniamls,Countries,4.,利用同义词和反义词进行对比复习,下面的,24,个词可以分别组成,6,对同义词和,6,对反义词。请你找出这些同义词和反义词并填写在横线上：,abroad astonish believe common danger dear defeat doubt expensive,failure hanger home priceless proposal rescue safety save shock,starvation success suggestion unusual valuable victory,同义词（,synonyms,）反义词（,antonyms,）,-,-,-,-,-,-,5.,利用构词法学习单词,词缀,举例,-age,marriage,storage,carriage,percentage,-,ance,distance,importance,performance,appearance,-,ation,application,conversation,determination,discrimination,education,generation,explanation,graduation,hibernation,imagination,invitation,liberation,organization,preparation,pronunciation,relation,separation,situation,-,tion,action,attention,collection,competition,construction,description,direction,exhibition,introduction,pollution,production,repetition,suggestion,-,sion,decision,discussion,expression,permission,-,dom,freedom,wisdom,boredom,5.,利用构词法学习单词,词缀,举例,-ism,communism,Marxism,socialism,tourism,-,ist,chemist,communist,cyclist,journalist,receptionist,scientist,tourist,typist,-ness,sadness,sickness,illness,weakness,business,darkness,fairness,happiness,-,ment,agreement,judgment,movement,punishment,requirement,argument,treatment,en-,endanger,encourage,enlarge,enact,enable,-en,fasten,frighten,strengthen,broaden,widen,-,ize,realize,apologize,socialize,modernize,利用词语搭配学习词语（,Collocation,）,Lewis,（,1997,）认为，词语搭配是词语间的一种固定的、自然的组合，而不是偶然出现的一种搭配。,be sure about,对,有把握,be worried about,为,担忧,be good at,善于,be late for,迟到,be ready for,为,准备好,be sorry for,因,抱歉,be different from,与,不同,be interested in,对,感兴趣,be afraid of,害怕,be harmful to,对,有危害,be busy with,忙于,利用词语搭配学习词语（,Collocation,）,bring,sb,.,sth,.=bring,sth,.to,sb,.,把某物带给某人,hand,sb,.,sth,.=hand,sth,.to,sb,.,把某物递给某人,lend,sb,.,sth,.=lend,sth,.to,sb,.,把某物借给某人,buy,sb,.,sth,.=buy,sth,.for,sb,.,为某人买某物,pick,sb,.,sth,.=pick,sth,.for,sb,.,为某人采摘某物,prepare,sb,.,sth,.=prepare,sth,.for,sb,.,为某人准备某物,Chunks,take the bus/car/taxi/train/ship/subway/plane,to school/work/office/town/the factory/the hospital,do some washing/some shopping/sewing/,reading/repairing/cooking/clearing/cleaning,have a rest/break/swim/talk/walk/,go by car/bus/train/plane/ship/air/boat,play football/basketball/volleyball/table tennis,play the violin/flute/piano/guitar,to my surprise/pleasure/disappointment/delight,基于语块的复习,Write the words from the box next to the verb they often go with.,1 _,2 _,3 _,4 _,5 _,6 _,7 _,8 _,9 _,10 _,have,be,hurt,toothache,ok,a sore eye,my arm,dizzy,my toe,a sore back,sick,my head,a headache,基于语块的复习,As a student,we must,be strict with,ourselves,even though,we fail,we should,say thanks to,the failure.We must learn how to,deal with,it.If you are,in your teens,you,will be able to,make peace with,the others and,be used to,giving a hand to,them.Maybe youll,be in trouble,at first,.,For example,when you,fall into a bad mood,with your desk mate,you should,calm down,try to,cheer up,yourself,be proud of,your,deskmate,and,ring him up,sometime.,In the end,your good friendship will,come into being,.,