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单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,区别一：形式上不同,限定性定语从句主句和从句之间不用逗号隔开，口语中使用时也不停顿；而非限定性定语从句与主句之间通常有逗号隔开，口语中使用时有停顿。,区别二：功能不同（最重要的区别）,限定性定语从句用于对先行词的意义进行限制和识别，如果去掉，就会造成句意不完整或概念不清；,而非限定性定语从句用于对先行词起补充说明作用，如果省略，句意仍然清楚、完整。,People who take physical exercise live longer.,进行体育锻炼的人活得长些。,(,若把从句去掉句子就失去意义,),His daughter,who is in Boston now,is coming home next week.,他女儿现在在波士顿，下星期回来。,(,若把从句去句子意义仍然完整,),Discuss the difference,His brother,who is eighteen years old,is a PLA man.,His brother who is eighteen years old is a PLA man.,区别,：,A,句：他的哥哥是个解放军战士，现今十八岁。,(,说明他只有一个哥哥,),B,句：他那个十八岁的哥哥是位解放军。,(,说明他还有别的哥哥,),All the books there,which have beautiful pictures in them,were written by him.,那里所有的书都是他写的,书里附有漂亮的插图。,(,说明那里没有除他以外的人写的书,),All the books there which have beautiful pictures in them were written by him.,那里所有附插图的书都是他写的。,(,暗示没有附插图的书不是他写的,),区别三：翻译不同,在翻译定语从句时，一般把限定性定语从句翻译在它所修饰的先行词之前，而把非限定性定语从句与主句分开。如：,He is the man whose car was stolen.,他就是汽车被窃的那个人。,Ive invited Jim,who lives in the next flat.,我邀请了吉姆，他就住在隔壁。,区别四：先行词不同,限定性定语从句,的先行词,只能是名词或代词,，,而,非限定性定语从句,的先行词则,可以是名词或代词，也可以是短语或句子,；如：,I know nothing that happened last night.,昨天晚上所发生的事情，我一点也不知道。,(,修饰前面的,nothing)He has made great progress,which made us happy.,他进步了，这使我们大家都很高兴。,(,说明前面句子的整个内容,),另外，当先行词为专有名词或其他具有独一无二性的普通名词时，通常要用非限制性定语从句，而不用限制性定语从句。,区别五：关系词不同,关系词,that,和,why,可用于限制性定语从句中，通常不用于非限制性定语从句；另外，在限制性定语从句中，关系词有时可以省略,(,如引导词作宾语，,the way,做先行词,),，而在非限制性定语从句中关系词一律不省略。,限制性定语从句,非限制性定语从句,形式上,不用逗号“，”与主句隔开。,用逗号“，”与主句隔开。,意义上,是先行词不可缺少的定语，如删除，主句则失去意义或意思表达不完整,。,只是对先行词的补充说明，如删除，主句仍能表达完整的意思。,译法上,译成先行词的定语：“的”,通常译成主句的并列句。,关系词的使用上,A,作宾语时可省略,B,可用,that,C,可用,who,代替,whom,A,不可省略,B,不用,that,C,不可用,who,代替,whom,Practice A,请区分出下列句子哪些是限制性定语从句，那些是非限制性定语从句,：,The teacher told me that Tom was the only person that I could depend on.,His mother,who loves him very much,is strict with him.,China is a country which has a long history.,China,which was founded in 1949,is becoming more and more powerful.,Exercises A,1,、,All_ is useful to us is good.,A,、,which,B,、,what,C,、,that,D,、,whether,C,解析：定语从句中的先,行词为,all,none,等词时，,关系代词必须用,that,而,不是,which.,故选,C,。,2,、,Is this factory _ we visited last,week.,A,、,where,B,、,that,C,、,which,D,、,the one,D,解析：,this factory,容易被学生错,误地混为先行词，其实这是,This,factory,是句子的主语而不是先行,词。所以选择,D.The one,中的,one,指代的是,factory,作定语从句的,先行词。,3,、,She will never forget the day_,she spent in Beijing.,A,、,when,B,、,what,C,、,which,D,、,why,C,解析：,the day,是定语从句的先行词，,she spent in Beijing,中的动词,spent,是个及物动词，后接宾语，,the day,作动词,spent,的宾语。因此选,C.,4,、,This is the school _ my father,worked 20 years ago.,A,、,that,B,、,when,C,、,which,D,、,where,D,解析：题中的,the school,是定语从句的先行词。,in+which=where,因此选,D.,试比较：,This school is _ my father worked 20 years ago.,where B.the one where,C.that D.the one which,B,5,、,This is the factory_we visited,last year.,A,、,that,B,、,in which,C,、,what,D,、,the one,A,解析：,the factory,是定语从句的先行词,用作宾语；从句,we visited last year,中,visit,是个及物动词，后接宾语，因此选,A.,6,、,The text is one of the most interesting,stories_learnt in the past,three days.,A,、,that have,B,、,that have been,C,、,which has,D,、,which has been,B,解析：,stories,是定语从句的先行词,同时,stories,被最高级所修饰，因此选,B.,1,、,The college wont take anyone _,eyesight is weak.,A,、,who,B,、,whose,C,、,of whom,D,、,which,B,Exercises B,2,、,Let me think of a proper situation,_ this sentence can be used.,A,、,where,B,、,that,C,、,of whom,D,、,which,A,3,、,The man _ you are talking is,in the next room.,A,、,to whom,B,、,about whom,C,、,about who,D,、,whom,B,4,、,I dont like the way _ he,spoke to me.,A,、,by that,B,、,what,C,、,by which,D,、,/,D,4,、,I,，,_ you good friend,will try my best to help you out.,A,、,who is,B,、,what is,C,、,what am,D,、,who am,D,5,、,This is the only thing _ I can,do now.,A,、,what,B,、,which,C,、,that,D,、,all,C,6,、,Those _ to take part in the game,write down your names.,A,、,who,B,、,who want,C,、,what wants,D,、,want,B,7,、,His walking stick,_ he cant,walk,was lost yesterday.,A,、,that,B,、,with which,C,、,which,D,、,without which,D,8,、,They have decided to finish their,work,_,I think is a wise choice.,A,、,that,B,、,what,C,、,which,D,、,whether,C,9,、,This is the reason _ he told me.,A,、,that,B,、,why,C,、,on which,D,、,for that,A,10,、,This is the last factory _ he used to,work at,many workers of _ still,have a good relationship with him.,A,、,that;it,B,、,which;whom,C,、,that;which,D,、,which;that,C,1.(,限,)Here are the farmers,who,discovered the underground city last month.,2.(,非,)Hangzhou is a famous city,where many people come to buy tea./Hangzhou,where many people come to buy tea,is a famous city.,3.(,限,)I dont know the reason why she got angry.,4.(,限,)The old man to whom you are talking saw some Germans,5.(,限,)The woman remembered the day when she saw,
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